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Urgensi Pelatihan Bela Negara bagi Warga Perbatasan Indonesia - Timor Leste guna Meningkatkan Jiwa Nasionalisme Yahya, Yudhi; Widjayanto, Joni; Hendra, Afrizal
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) Vol 5 No 01 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6447

The border region between Indonesia and Timor Leste possesses unique characteristics that render it susceptible to various threats. These threats are not limited to the military sphere but also encompass non-military aspects such as radicalism and foreign cultural influences. One approach to mitigating these threats is through national defense training. National defense is the foundation of a robust national defense system. The objective of this research is to analyze the urgency of national defense training for residents of the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region with the aim of enhancing their sense of nationalism. The researcher employed a qualitative research method. The results of this study indicate that national defense training in the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region has specific goals directed at strengthening the border residents' awareness of national sovereignty and simultaneously improving their capabilities in confronting various challenges. The recommendations proposed by the researcher to address the challenges of implementing national defense training in the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region include: improving infrastructure, adopting a holistic approach, enhancing inter-agency coordination, conducting intensive socialization, utilizing technology, and increasing the capacity of human resources..

Strategic Utilization of Demographic Dividend to Build Resilient Defense Capabilities in Emerging Economies Budiyanti, Fatwa; Hendra, Afrizal; Suryo, Almuchalif
Formosa Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/fjas.v4i1.12921

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Strategic Utilization of Demographic Dividends to Build Resilient Defense Capabilities in Developing Countries. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The results show that to take advantage of the demographic dividend for defense, developing countries should focus on several key strategies. First, investing in education, particularly in STEM fields, is critical to building a skilled workforce for both the economic and defense sectors (Bloom et al., 2003). Managing the youth bulge by integrating young people into productive roles, including defense-related sectors such as cybersecurity and military technology, can help drive national security. Encouraging technological innovation through public-private partnerships will further strengthen defense capabilities. In addition, addressing the aging population by modernizing military infrastructure and increasing automation is critical for long-term defence readiness.

DINAMIKA KEBIJAKAN ENERGI MINYAK BUMI AMERIKA SERIKAT DI TIMUR TENGAH PADA MASA BUSH HINGGA OBAMA (2001-2016) Mei Rinta Sukma Firdaus; Hendra, Afrizal; Wirajuda, Muhammad Hadianto
JURNAL ELEKTROSISTA Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): DESEMBER 2023
Publisher : PPM Sdirjianbang Akademi Militer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63824/jtep.v11i1.146

Timur Tengah telah lama menjadi pusat dari pusaran konflik. Salah satunya adalah yang diakibatkan oleh perebutan sumber daya energi seperti minyak bumi. Di dalamnya, terdapat kepentingan negara-negara besar seperti Amerika Serikat, Tiongkok, dan Rusia yang masing-masing memiliki cadangan minyak dalam sumur-sumur minyak. Ada fenomena yang kemudian dikenal sebagai peak oil, yang mana ketika harga minyak melambung tinggi akibat kelangkaan, bagaimanapun alasannya negara-negara yang terkait akan berperang dan konflik akan segera timbul. Hal ini berlaku dalam Timur Tengah yang selalu bergejolak atas berbagai kepentingan negara luar dalam aspek keamanan energinya. Sebagaimana yang telah dikatakan oleh Franklin D. Roosevelt pada salah seorang duta besar Inggris: “Persian oil … is yours. We share the oil of Iraq and Kuwait. As for Saudi Arabian oil, it's ours”. Ini menandakan bahwa AS tidak akan lepas tangan dari Timur Tengah begitu saja, di teluk Persia disiagakanlah Armada ke-5 Angkatan Laut AS untuk mengamankan sumber-sumber minyak dan gas yang dikuasai AS sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan energi fosil yang akan terus meningkat dari masa ke masa. Sampai saat ini geopolitik kawasan Timur Tengah tidak dapat jauh dari pengaruh minyak bumi terhadap konstelasi hubungan antarnegara Timur Tengah dengan superpower dunia. AS sebagai hegemoni yang telah lama menguasai kawasan memiliki beragam strategi untuk mempertahankan sumber-sumbernya agar tidak jatuh di tangan kekuatan lainnya. Yang terjadi saat ini adalah AS mempertahankan sumber-sumbernya dari tangan ISIS, yang dipandang sebagai ancaman besar atas yang dimiliki di Irak dan Suriah. Ancaman yang tampak nyata sehingga AS harus turun tangan untuk menumpas pemberontakan yang dilakukan aktor semistate.

Cultural Sufism: A Social Construction Of Defense Heritage Of The Nation's Ancestors Laksono, Rudi; Hendra, Afrizal; G Samudro, Eko
International Journal of Educational Research & Social Sciences Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): April 2025 ( Indonesia - Nigeria - Kazakhstan )
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijersc.v6i2.967

Cultural Sufism, as an integral part of Indonesia's culture and spirituality, not only functions as a mystical practice but also plays a significant role in the social construction related to defense. This study aims to demonstrate the relationship between Sufism and the cultural values inherited from ancestors and how cultural Sufism can become a force in preserving the nation's identity and integrity amidst the currents of globalization and modernization. Using an interdisciplinary approach, this research analyzes cultural Sufism through the lens of the social construction of reality, focusing on the Nusantara version of Sufi teachings to strengthen the collective awareness that the cultural heritage of ancestors remains strategic in the contemporary era. The study reveals that cultural Sufism functions not only as a spiritual practice but also as a form of cultural defense that unites social values, traditions, and wisdom in confronting the challenges of the times. The findings offer new insights into how cultural Sufism can serve as one of the tools of defense against threats to diversity, national integrity, and the ideals of defending the nation.

The Collapse of Syria: A Case of the failure of Counter-Insurgency (COIN) from Clausewitz Trinity Perspective Sitompul, Martua; Hendra, Afrizal
The Eastasouth Journal of Social Science and Humanities Vol. 2 No. 03 (2025): The Eastasouth Journal of Social Science and Humanities (ESSSH)
Publisher : Eastasouth Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/esssh.v2i03.609

The Syrian conflict, beginning in 2011, escalated into a complex civil war, challenging the government's counterinsurgency (COIN) efforts. This study analyzes Syria's COIN failure through Clausewitz's Trinity, focusing on the interplay between government, military, and people. Using qualitative document analysis, data from government reports, academic articles, and expert analyses are examined. The research highlights an imbalance in Clausewitz's Trinity: the Assad regime lost legitimacy, the military fragmented, and excessive reliance on force alienated civilians. External support for rebels further hindered COIN efforts. The study underscores the need for balanced COIN strategies, integrating military action, government legitimacy, and popular support. These insights offer valuable lessons for addressing future insurgencies with a holistic approach.

The Role Of Mental Guidance Of The Air Force To Prevent Criminal Violations And Soldier Discipline In Order To Support The Air Force's Duties Fardiansah, Ridwan; DAW, Martinus; Hendra, Afrizal
Jurnal Syntax Fusion Vol 5 No 06 (2025): Jurnal Syntax Fusion: Jurnal Nasional Indonesia
Publisher : CV RIFAINSTITUT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/fusion.v5i06.444

Mental coaching in an effort to prevent criminal and disciplinary violations among Indonesian Air Force soldiers is seen as one of the key elements in shaping the character and morale of soldiers, which in turn has a direct impact on performance and compliance with regulations. This study analyzes various forms of mental coaching implemented in the TNI AU environment, as well as their effectiveness in reducing incidents of legal and disciplinary violations. Through a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected from in-depth interviews, observations, and analysis of related documents. The results of the study indicate that systematic and ongoing mental coaching has a significant impact in reducing the number of violations among soldiers. In addition, this study found that mental coaching not only helps in preventing violations, but also plays a role in improving the morale and work ethics of soldiers, which is very important in supporting the main tasks of the TNI AU. This study recommends increasing the intensity and quality of mental coaching programs in the TNI AU environment, as well as its integration with other training programs to form soldiers with strong character and high discipline. Thus, mental coaching has been proven to be one of the effective strategies in maintaining the professionalism and integrity of TNI AU soldiers in carrying out their duties.

Urgensi Pelatihan Bela Negara bagi Warga Perbatasan Indonesia - Timor Leste guna Meningkatkan Jiwa Nasionalisme Yahya, Yudhi; Widjayanto, Joni; Hendra, Afrizal
AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Vol. 5 No. 01 (2024): Al-Mikraj, Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora
Publisher : Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almikraj.v5i01.6447

The border region between Indonesia and Timor Leste possesses unique characteristics that render it susceptible to various threats. These threats are not limited to the military sphere but also encompass non-military aspects such as radicalism and foreign cultural influences. One approach to mitigating these threats is through national defense training. National defense is the foundation of a robust national defense system. The objective of this research is to analyze the urgency of national defense training for residents of the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region with the aim of enhancing their sense of nationalism. The researcher employed a qualitative research method. The results of this study indicate that national defense training in the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region has specific goals directed at strengthening the border residents' awareness of national sovereignty and simultaneously improving their capabilities in confronting various challenges. The recommendations proposed by the researcher to address the challenges of implementing national defense training in the Indonesia-Timor Leste border region include: improving infrastructure, adopting a holistic approach, enhancing inter-agency coordination, conducting intensive socialization, utilizing technology, and increasing the capacity of human resources..

National Security Threats in the Indonesian Border Areas with Timor Leste Yahya, Yudhi; Widjayanto, Joni; Hendra, Afrizal
Indonesian Journal of Applied and Industrial Sciences (ESA) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/esa.v3i2.8494

The border area between Indonesia and Timor Leste is an area that is vulnerable to national security threats. This situation is caused by various factors, such as differences in socio-economic conditions, illegal cross-border activities, and the potential for conflict between countries both countries. Some of these problems certainly require the role of the government, institutions and society to be resolved properly. The purpose of this writing is to analyze national security threats in the border area between Indonesia and Timor Leste. This paper uses qualitative methods which can provide a description and description of the phenomenon being studied. The results of this research show that the conditions of the RDTL and NKRI border areas in NTT Province do not yet show an ideal picture. The advice that author can give are to increase cooperation in exchanging intelligence data and joint border security operations; build and modernize border post infrastructure and patrol roads; increasing TNI and Polri personnel stationed in border areas; carry out outreach and empowerment of border communities, encourage ratification of the extradition agreement between Indonesia and Timor Leste and establish cooperation and capacity building assistance for Timor Leste in border control.

The Role of the Indonesian Army in Maintaining the Sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia in the Indonesian Border Area With Timor Leste Yahya, Yudhi; Widjayanto, Joni; Hendra, Afrizal
Indonesian Journal of Applied and Industrial Sciences (ESA) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/esa.v3i3.9078

The Indonesian Army (TNI AD) is responsible for maintaining security and defense in border areas, as well as preventing threats that could undermine the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). This research aims to analyze the role of the TNI AD in safeguarding the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia in the border areas with Timor Leste. The research employs a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The findings of this study indicate that the role of the TNI AD in safeguarding the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia in the border areas with Timor Leste encompasses various aspects, including border security, military operations, defense diplomacy, infrastructure development, and community empowerment. The TNI AD plays a crucial role in safeguarding the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia in border areas through routine patrols, maintaining territorial integrity, and supporting infrastructure development. Additionally, the TNI AD also contributes to ensuring the security and welfare of the communities in these border areas through community empowerment programs, including skills training, education, and economic assistance.

Development of a Total War Strategy to Face Cyber Threats in Aviation Systems: a Case Study of Asean Regional Strategic Environment and its Implications for Aviation Security Anggreini, Monika; Priyanto, Priyanto; Sulistyanto, Sulistyanto; Hendra, Afrizal; Suryo, Almuchalif
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Vol. 6 No. 10 (2025): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jiss.v6i10.2070

This research aims to analyze the implementation of aviation security in the face of cyber threats and formulate the best strategies to strengthen national digital defense in the perspective of the Universal War Strategy. The background of this research is driven by the increasing frequency and complexity of cyberattacks against global and regional aviation systems, which threaten aviation safety and national sovereignty. Based on data from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO, 2023), cyberattacks in the aviation sector increased by 46% between 2020–2023, while the State Cyber and Cryptography Agency (BSSN, 2023) recorded more than 210 cyber incidents targeting Indonesia's air transportation system. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with two main theoretical foundations, namely George C. Edward III's policy implementation theory and Carl von Clausewitz's military strategy theory which is operationalized through SWOT-AHP analysis. The results of the study show that the implementation of cybersecurity policies in Indonesia's aviation sector still faces obstacles in terms of communication, resources, executive disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Factually, only 37% of national airport operators have cyber incident response teams (CSIRTs), while the digital security budget allocation is still below ICAO's recommendation of 2% of the total operational budget. A special finding from this study is the application of the concept of "Digital Universe War", which is the synergy of civilian, military, and technological forces in the national cyber defense system that is integrated with the ASEAN regional security ecosystem. Based on the SWOT-AHP results, the best priority strategy is the integration of national cybersecurity and aviation systems (weight 0.36), followed by increasing human resource capacity and strengthening regional cyber intelligence cooperation. This research contributes significantly to expanding the paradigm of universal warfare to the digital realm as a strategic instrument to maintain national aviation security and sovereignty in the cyber era.

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