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Analysis of Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review Adzkiya Safitri; Yuanita Windusari; Iche Andriyani Liberty
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i2.857

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a global health issue, with 537 million cases reported in 2021 and projected to increase to 783 million by 2045. Indonesia ranks fifth globally, with T2DM prevalence rising to 8.5% in 2018. The high number of cases and the risk of severe complications, such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure, underline the need for an in-depth study of risk factors to mitigate the disease's impact. Objective to further examine the determinants of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This study employed a literature review approach using search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and BMC with the keywords "Risk Factor" AND "T2DM." The reviewed articles are reputable and accredited, published within the last five years. From a total of 20 reviewed articles, the findings indicate that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is significantly associated with factors such as age, gender, hypertension, physical activity, family history of diabetes, obesity, smoking, cholesterol levels, fruit and vegetable consumption, and sweet food consumption. The determinants of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus include physical activity, dietary patterns, family history of diabetes, BMI, smoking, age, gender, hypertension, and cholesterol levels.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Perilaku Buang Air Besar Sembarangan (BABS) Desi Mustika Wati; Yuanita Windusari; Nur Alam Fajar
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 4 No. 12 (2025): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Desember 2025
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v4i12.5879

Abstract

Open defecation remains a significant public health problem in Indonesia despite various intervention programs implemented. Knowledge and attitudes are predisposing factors suspected to influence open defecation behavior, but there are still inconsistencies in research findings regarding the strength of their relationship with open defecation behavior. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with open defecation behavior and identify which factor has the strongest relationship. This study used a qualitative approach with a literature review method on ten research articles published from 2021-2025. Literature search was conducted on academic databases using keywords "open defecation", "BABS", "knowledge", "attitude", and "behavior". Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis techniques to identify patterns of relationships between the variables studied. The review results showed inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between knowledge and open defecation behavior, with four studies reporting no significant relationship (p>0.05) and six studies finding significant relationships (p<0.05). In contrast, attitude showed a more consistent relationship with open defecation behavior, where eight out of ten studies reported significant relationships with odds ratio values ranging from 4.5-10.788. Conclusion: Attitude has a stronger and more consistent relationship compared to knowledge in shaping open defecation behavior, therefore behavior change interventions need to place greater emphasis on forming positive attitudes toward sanitation.