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Pembuatan Material Wood Plastic Composite Berbasis Limbah Pelepah Sawit Menggunakan Maleated Natural Rubber (Mnr) Sebagai Kompatibilizer Akbar, Anif Aulia; Yelmida, Yelmida; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Natural rubber (NR) is one of the largest agricultural commodities in the world. But this potential is not balanced with satisfactory productivity. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of palm frond powder (SPS) / polyethylene (PE) ratio on physical properties, use Maleated Natural Rubber (MNR) as a compilizer and study the effect of MNR compatibility composition on the physical, mechanical properties of Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) palm fronds based. WPC samples were prepared by melted mixing method between palm fronds, polyethylene, MNR, and Minarex fibers at a temperature of 170oC and using the Internal Mixer. The size of the palm frond fiber used is 60-80 mesh. While the ratios of the weight ratio of SPS / PE are 60/40 and 70/30 and the addition of MNR is 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9%. The test method includes mechanical properties which is tensile strength test while physical properties test includes density, water absorption, and thick development. The test results show that the best mechanical properties are produced at the SPS / PE (60/40) ratio, MNR (3%), with a tensile strength value of 23.164 MPa. While in physical properties, the best absorption is 0.477% in the ratio (60/40) with MNR (3%), the best thick development is 0.167% in the ratio (60/40) with MNR (3%) , and the highest density is 0.923% in the ratio (60/40) and MNR (5%). Keywords: Compatibilizer, maleated natural rubber, palm frond fiber, wood plastic composite
Kinetika Adsorpsi Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) Dari Limbah Cair Sisa Pengeboran PT. CPI Duri-Riau Pada Karbon Aktif Ristandi, Ristandi; Azis, Yelmida; Alfarisi, Cory
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Abstract

The handling of residual drilling liquid waste is one of the milestones of the upstream oil industry, one of which is PT. CPI in the Duri Area. To improve the existing process, a study is needed, one of which is by reviewing the adsorption process used in the processing. In this research, the absorption of total dissolved solids with adsorbent using activated carbon was carried out, with variations in pH (4, 7, 10), stirring speed (100 rpm, 150 rpm, 200 rpm), and types of activated carbon (granules and powders), and also adsorption kinetics tests with pseudo-first order model, pseudo-second order model, Elovich model, and intraparticle diffusion model. The results show that the type of Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) is better with the best absorption capacity of 176.5 mg / g, the speed of 100 rpm and pH 4 can increase the efficiency of TDS adsorption up to 47.07%, and the results of adsorption kinetics from residual drilling waste PT. CPI-Duri using activated carbon follows the pseudo-second kinetic order, with the equilibrium model t/Qt = 0.0045t + 0,0704.Keywords: kinetics, adsorption, activated carbon, residual drilling liquid waste, total dissolved solid (TDS)
Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari PFAD Dengan Katalis Cu-HAp: Variasi Nisbah PFAD : Metanol dan Massa Katalis Kamarullah, Rahmat; Yelmida, Yelmida; Yusnimar, Yusnimar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The increasing level of human dependence on fuel oil, an active step is needed to develop alternative fuels. At present biodiesel is a reliable energy as an environmentally friendly and inexpensive alternative energy in its production. Biodiesel is a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) made from fat / oil. In this research, PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Destillate) is used as raw material for making biodiesel. PFAD will be converted to FAME. This esterification reaction varied the ratio of PFAD: Methanol 1: 8, 1:12, and 1:15 with a constant stirring speed of 350 rpm at a temperature of 60 ËšC for 3 hours. The presence of metalhydroxyapatite catalysts (Cu-HAp, Co-HAp, Ni-HAp, and HAp) of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 grams will help convert PFAD to FAME. The effect of time and type of metal-HAp on the conversion of PFAD to FAME will be the focus of the study in this study. The highest biodelic yield was obtained at the PFAD ratio: Metahonol 1:15 with a catalyst mass of 0.1 gram. The biodiesel physics test results are in accordance with SNI 04-7182-2006 which includes a density of 0.84 g / ml, viscosity of 4.8 cSt, flash point of 120 ËšC, yield of 61.48%, acid number of 0.73 mg KOH / g of oil. Based on the analysis of GC-MS (Mass Chromatography Gas), the main compounds found in the biodiesel from PFAD were Pandecanoic methyl ester 18.49%. Key Words : biodiesel, esterification, methanol, PFAD.
Pengaruh Suhu Dan pH Terhadap Bentuk Partikel Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Kulit Telur Itik Melalui Metode Presipitasi Fadli, Deno Febri; Azis, Yelmida; Yusnimar, Yusnimar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the most stable form of calcium phosphate, which is widely used in various medical applications, mainly in orthopedics and dentistry due to it’s similarities with inorganic mineral component of bone and teeth. However, in spite of chemical similarities, mechanical performance of synthetic hydroxyapatite was very poor compared with that of natural bone. It is possible to improve the properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics by controlling important parameters of powder precursors such as particle size, particle shape and agglomeration. In this study, synthesized of hydroxyapatite used PCC and (NH4)2PO4 as raw material by using precipitation method. The PCC was made from duck’s eggshells with carbonation method. The hydroxyapatite obtained by varying the temperature (30oC, 50oC, 70oC) and pH (8, 10, 12), would be sintered in 500 oC and then characterized by using SEM and XRD. Plate-like hydroxyapatite was synthesized at temperature 30oC; pH 10 and temperature 50oC; pH 10, needle-like hydroxyapatite was synthesized at temperature 70oC; pH 10. XRD analysis showed the similarities with standard hydroxyapatite ICDD 01-072-1243. It has been found that the degree of crystallinity had been raised as the temperature and pH increased.Keywords: duck eggshells, hydroxyapatite, particle shape, precipitation
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Cangkang Telur Ayam Ras Melalui Proses Sol Gel Dengan Variasi Waktu Reaksi Dan Waktu Aging Audrya, Helsa; Azis, Yelmida; Akbar, Fajril
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramic widely used as bone and dental grafting, catalyst and adsorbent. Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate compound that can be synthesized from natural sources having calcium content such as eggshells. Chicken eggshell is a waste has a 96.6% CaCO3 content. This study aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite through the formation of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) from chicken eggshell. The research began with an eggshell calcination to form CaO which then made into PCC by carbonation method. PCC as a source of calcium was synthesized into hydroxyapatite using sol gel process varying reaction time (2; 3; 4 hours) and aging time (60; 65; 70 hours). The synthesized hydroxyapatite was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and Brunaur, Emmett and Teller (BET). The FTIR spectrums showed PO43- and OH- groups that indicate the forming of calcium phosphate compound. The XRD patterns showed the formation of hydroxyapatite compound from the 2θ angle corresponding to the data of ICDD 01-073-6113. Hydroxyapatite synthesized at 4 hours reaction time and 70 hours aging time gave the best results with hexagonal crystal structure, crystal size of 26.91 nm, surface area of 43.272 m2/g and Ca/P ratio of 1.7.Keywords: aging, carbonation, PCC, sol-gel method.
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Melalui Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Cangkang Telur Ayam Ras Dengan Metode Presipitasi Pada Variasi Konsentrasi Pelarut HNO3 Dan Rasio CA/P Qalbi, Tiffani; Azis, Yelmida; Helwani, Zuchra
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2018
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Abstract

Everyday, several thousand tons of eggshell are being generated as bio-waste in Indonesia. The eggshell is conteined 94% calcium carbonate (CaCO3) which can be used as raw material to synthesis hydroxyapatite (HAp). HAp is a bioactive ceramic material with high bioafinity and can be used as bone and dental implant. In this study, HAp was synthesized by precipitation method, using precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from chicken eggshell that has 99% purity. PCC as a calcium source was reacted with diamonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) as phosphorus source under concentration of HNO3 solvent (0,3; 0,4; 0,5 M) and Ca and P ratio varied from reactant (1,57; 1,67; 1,77) . The analysis using FTIR showed that the adsorption of PO43- and OH- ion in each sample indicated that the calcium phosphate compound has been formed. The sharpest peaks obtained on sample at the concentration of 0,4 M HNO3 solvent with ratio of Ca/P 1,57; a concentration of 0,4 M HNO3 solvent with ratio of Ca/P 1,67 and a concentration of 0,5 M HNO3 solvent with ratio of Ca/P 1,77. Based on XRD analysis, the best HAp obtained in concentration of 0,5 M HNO3 solvent and ratio of Ca/P 1,77 with crystal size 40.38 nm and crystal structure was hexagonal. The analysis by SEM-EDX showed that the morphology of HAp was agglomerates with single particles tends spherical and ratio of Ca/P was 1,5. The surface area of HAp obtained from the BET analysis was 3,606 m2/g and the yield was 58,89%.Keywords : Hydroxyapatite, precipitation method, PCC chicken egg shell, ratio Ca/P
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Terumbu Karang Melalui Proses Sol Gel Dengan Variasi Rasio Ca/P Dan Waktu Aging Zarkasi, Shoumi; A, Yelmida; Fadli, Ahmad
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramics that is widely used as bone and dental grafting material, catalysts and adsorbents. Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate compound that can be synthesized from natural ingredients with calcium content such as coral reefs. Coral reefs have a CaCO3 content of 94.6%. This study aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite through the formation of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) from coral reefs. The research procedure begins with the coral calcination process to form CaO which is then used as PCC by carbonation method. PCC as a source of calcium was synthesized into hydroxyapatite using sol gel process with variations in Ca / P ratio (1.67; 1.77) and aging time (20; 24; 28; 32; 36 hours). Synthesized hydroxyapatite was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) and Brunaur, Emmett and Teller (BET). FTIR analysis results showed that in each sample there were PO43- and OH groups which indicated calcium phosphate compounds had formed. XRD analysis results showed the formation of hydroxyapatite compounds from an angle of 2θ which corresponds to the data (ICDD 01-073-6113). Hydroxyapatite synthesized in the ratio of Ca / P 1.77 and aging time of 20 hours gave the best results with hexagonal crystal structure, crystal size of 10.08 nm, surface area of 90.413 m2 / g and mole ratio of Ca / P 1.71.Keywords : aging, carbonation, PCC, sol-gel method.
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Terumbu Karang Melalui Proses Presipitasi Dengan Variasi Temperatur Dan Waktu Ageing Kayabi, Ulhunk Aulia; Yelmida, Yelmida; Evelyn, Evelyn
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramics that is widely used as a bone and tooth grafting material, catalyst and adsorbent. Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate compound that can be synthesized from natural ingredients with high calcium content such as coral reefs. Coral reef is a marine biota that has a CaCO3 content of 98.8%. This study aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite through the formation of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) from coral reefs. The research procedure begins with the process of calcination of coral reefs to form CaO which is then made into PCC with carbonation methods. PCC as a source of calcium is synthesized into hydroxyapatite using precipitation processes with variations in temperature (30°C, 50°C and 70°C) and aging time (7 hours, 14 hours and 21 hours). Synthesized hydroxyapatite was analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of XRD analysis showed the formation of hydroxyapatite compounds from 2 sudut angles in accordance with the data (ICDD 01-074-0565). Hydroxyapatite which was synthesized at a temperature of 50⁰C and aging time gave the best results with a monoclinic crystal structure, a degree of crystallinity of 96.0772% and a crystal size of 20.1846 nm. The resulting hydroxyapatite can be developed as bone implant material, catalyst or adsorbent. Keywords: degree of crystallinity, PCC, temperature, ageing time
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Cangkang Telur Ayam Melalui Proses Sol Gel Dengan Variasi pH Dan Waktu Aging Alpina, Clara Shinta Asri; A, Yelmida; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO 4)6(OH)2 is a compound of calcium phospate which is a bioactive, biocompatible and bioresourable. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be used as a bone implant,adsorbents and catalysts. Hydroxyapatite synthesis can be performed by using raw materials which is rich in calcium such as egg shell. Calcium in the form of Calcium Carbonate(CaCO3) on the chicken egg shell in this study changed to be precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) through the process of carbonation. PCC from chicken egg shells used as a source of calcium in the synthesis of HAp with a sol gel method. In the synthesis of HAp, the varied of this method is pH (9; 10; and 11) and the aging time (24 hours; 48 hours; 72 hours). The analysis result of HAp synthesis with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the apatite compound has been formed with the absorption of PO4 3- ion at the wave number 1,025. .The highest transmittance obtained on the sample at the pH 9 aging time 24 hours; pH 9 aging time 48 hours and pH 9 aging time 72 hours. Based on X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, the best HAp obtained in pH 9 aging time 72 hours with monoclinic crystal structure, with particle size was 53.89 nm. The result of SEMEDX analysis showed the morphological form agglomerate. The mole ratio of Ca and P hydroxyapatite from PCC of egg shell was 1.52 and 2.755 m 2/g surface area.Keywords: Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC), Chicken Egg Shell, Hydroxyapatite, Sol gel Method, Aging Time
Aplikasi Hidroksiapatit Sebagai Adsorben Kolesterol Hidayat, Muhammad Ariful; Azis, Yelmida; Irianty, Rozanna Sri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite is a natural mineral form of calcium apatite and is a major inorganic component of human hard tissue, such as bones and teeth. Synthetic hydroxyapatite, is widely used as implant and filler material for bone and tooth decay, catalyst, carrier catalyst and adsorbent. Synthetic hydroxyapatite has a large and porous surface area, which makes it very advantageous to be used as an adsorbent. Hydroxyapatite has been widely used as an adsorbent for alkali metals and heavy metals. In this study synthetic hydroxyapatite is used as an adsorbent for cholesterol compounds in the solvent of hexane-ethyl acetate mixture. The study was carried out with variations of hydroxyapatite mass (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 gram) and cholesterol concentrations (50, 75 and 100 ppm) at a stirring rate of 100 rpm at room temperature. Adsorbed cholesterol was then analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. From UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis,it was found that be known the efficiency of adsorption process reaches 48.9% and the adsorption capacity is up to 6.87 mg / gram.Keywords: adsorbent, cholesterol, hydroxyapatite
Co-Authors ', Padil Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Adam Rafif Aldori Ade Putra Adrian, Melisa Agustiyanti, Rini Dwi Agustiyanti, Rini Dwi Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Ahmad Fadli Aidil Akbar Aisyah Dewi Ranti, Aisyah Dewi Akbar, Anif Aulia Al'farisi, Cory Dian Alfarisi, Cory Alfarisi, Cory Dian Alfarizi, Cory Dian Alpina, Clara Shinta Asri Amun Amri Aras Mulyadi Ari Wibowo Harahap Audrya, Helsa Az Zahra, Alya Azriyenni Azhari Zakri Bahruddin Bahruddin Bahruddin Bintoro Bintoro Blesvid, Bloomy Caesari Caesari Cece R Chairul Chairul Chairul Chairul Chandra Marzuki Nababan Citra Arimby Dani Pradana Dedeng Hermoyo Delita, Fuji Dewi, Yuli Piana Dhini Octavianty Dian Novita Rahmawaty Dini Aulia Sari Ermal Drastinawati Drastinawati Drastinawati Drastinawati, Drastinawati Edy Saputra Elvi Yenie, Elvi Evelyn Evelyn EVELYN EVELYN Fadli, Deno Febri Fadly Sitohang Fajril Akbar Fajril Akbar Faradila, Harfiah Getra Anugrah Habib, Alltop Amri Ya Hadi Ikrima Hadrian Yonas Sebastian Napitupulu Hazzamy, Muhammad Asyaf Helda Sri Rahayu, Helda Sri Hidayat, Muhammad Ariful Holyness Nurdin Singadimedja Hotni Lamtiar Hutagaol, Nurhidayah I Gusti Bagus Wiksuana Ida Zahrina Idral Amri Ikhma Zurani Imron Sutiono Indah Sri Rahma Ningsih Indra Purnama Irdoni Irdoni Jefry Soclin Sianipar Jenial S Kamarullah, Rahmat Kayabi, Ulhunk Aulia Kendro Prasetyo Khairat, Khairat Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Komalasari Luckita, Gema Kesa Lucy Rahmawati M Asyraf Hazzamy M. Gherald Erlangga Putra M. Rafi Yunanda Mahdi, Zamratul Miftah Anugrah Mohd. Rafiq Muhammad Alfin Khairullah Muhammad Ichwan Pradana Muhammad Khairil Amri Muhammad Rahman Muhammad Syafiq Izzuddin Muhammad Yahya Muhammad Yusro Annur Mukhlis Khoirudin, Mukhlis Musbar, Al Swendo Mutamima, Anisa Nurfajriani Nurfajriani Nurfatihayati Nuruzzaman Shiqhi Padil Padil Paul Destin Purba Putri M F Putri, Desi Erika Qalbi, Tiffani R, Yolanda. Rafif Sauqi Rahimah Rahimah Ramadhan Ramadhan Rianto Harpendi Rio Saputra Ristandi, Ristandi Romadona, Syahri Rozanna Sri Irianty Rozanna Sri Irianty Rozanna Sri Irianty Ryan Tito Sanredina Sanredina Saputra, Rio Saragih E Sari D. P Shinta Elystia Siahaan, Daniel Andica Silvia Reni Yenti Sisi Oktadira Kalpatari Siti Rahmalia Sri Hidayanti Sri Murda Niati Sri Rezeki Muria Suhendri Suhendri Sunarno Sunarno Syafruddin Syafruddin SYAIFUL BAHRI Syamsu Herman Syelvia Putri Utami Tanjung, Muhamad Adrian Tengku Emrinaldi Toni Arissaputra Utama, Panca Setia Utami Utami Vina Ermalinda Wahyu Lestari Wahyu, Pri Widya Pangestu Wisrayetti Wisrayetti Wisrayetti, Wisrayetti Yeni Kusumawaty Yoanni Marsha Rezki Yoga Deswan Suwary Yolanda, Yogi Yuliatmi Yuliatmi Yunus Olivia Novanto Yunus, Aulia Yusnimar Sahan Zahrina, Zahrina Zakwan Zarkasi, Shoumi Zikri, Ahmed Zuchra Helwani Zuchra Helwani, Zuchra Zultiniar ' Zultiniar Zultiniar Zultiniar, Zultiniar Zultiniar, Zultiniar