Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Physical and Thermal Properties of MgCl2 mixed with NaCl at Various Ratios for Solar Thermal Energy Storage Application Gunawati, Gunawati; Setiawan, Adi; Syahputri, Riana; Riskina, Shafira
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i2.6150

Abstract

Latent heat storage is a system capable of absorbing and releasing heat energy when a material undergoes a phase change. The material often used in this system is referred to as PCM (Phase Change Material). One of commonly used material for heat storage is salt. This type of material was chosen due to its low-cost and better in chemical-physical properties. This study aimed to find out the effect of combining NaCl with MgCl2 on the properties and performance of PCM. For preparation, MgCl2 was added to NaCl followed by manual mixing and grinding to ensure homogeneity. The samples were placed inside the muffle furnace and heated to 600°C. Next, the samples were evaluated for physical properties such as density, specific heat, and thermal conductivity, and tested for charging and discharging performance using a thermal box. The test results suggested that the higher MgCl2 content, the more specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity. However, it is inversely proportional to the density, where the lower the MgCl2 portion, the higher the density value. This caused the rate of thermal energy absorption and energy storage capacity increased significantly
Effect of briquetting pressure on combustion properties of hydrothermally treated king grass biomass Alchalil, Alchalil; Setiawan, Adi; Dirga, Muhammad; Riskina, Shafira; Nurjannah, Siti; Hasibuan, Rizqon; Rahman, Abdul
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i4.7300

Abstract

The utilization of biomass as an alternative energy source continues to gain attention, particularly in the form of solid briquettes with properties comparable to coal. In Indonesia, the co-firing program in coal-fired power plants (PLTU) promotes the use of biomass briquettes as supplementary fuel. King grass (Pennisetum purpureum), a fast-growing, non-food crop that thrives on marginal land, is a promising candidate. However, its low energy density limits practical application. This study aims to enhance the fuel quality of king grass through hydrothermal treatment and evaluate the effect of varying briquetting pressures on briquette properties. Briquettes were produced without pressure and with compaction pressures of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 kg/cm². Results show that higher briquetting pressure reduced moisture content from 3.99% to 2.98% and friability from 54.46% to 11.95%. While ash content and volatile matter were minimally affected, fixed carbon increased to 28.42%, and calorific value peaked at 3,923 kcal/kg. Hydrothermal treatment further improved calorific value, reduced ash content, and enhanced fixed carbon levels. These findings demonstrate that the combination of hydrothermal treatment and briquetting pressure significantly improves king grass briquette quality, supporting their potential as a sustainable co-firing fuel in coal-fired power plants.
Mechanical and Physical Properties of Bio-Briquette Produced from Gayo Arabica Coffee-Skin Adi Setiawan; Juwaini; Ahmad Nayan; Fauzan; Faisal
Proceedings of International Conference on Multidisciplinary Engineering (ICOMDEN) Vol. 1 (2018): Proceedings of International Conference on Multidisciplinary Engineering (ICOMDEN)
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Malikussaleh University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Enormous amount of Gayo Arabica coffee-by-products highlights its potential as source of renewable energy. Utilizing coffee skin as a raw material for bio-briquettes is considered as an effective way to minimize their wastage as landfill. This study aims to examine the characteristics of bio-briquettes produced through the cold-forming process at a pressure of 100, 150 and 200 kg/cm2 without binder. Prior to briquetting process, the raw material was sun-dried, ground and sieved to 0.841 mm. A mixture was then made by adding water followed by molding and drying processes. Characterization of the briquette employs a number of techniques including DSC, TGA, bomb calorimeter and proximate analyses as well as mechanical testing. The results show that the calorific value of the coffee-skin briquette is 4764 cal/g containing 16.5 wt% of moisture, 12 wt.% ash. The rate of combustion is 0.019 g/s with ignition time of 196 s. Varying briquetting pressure results in a change in ignition time of bio-briquettes as the density is increased. However, no significant change was observed on the rate of combustion upon increasing the briquetting pressure. This investigation concludes the potential use of coffee industry by-product as feedstock for solid
Pyrolyzed Bio Charcoal Briquettes Of Solid Waste From Lhokseumawe Patchouli Oil Refinery Zainuddin Ginting; Khairul Anshar; Adi Setiawan; Ishak Ishak; Chalisna Wildani; Sri Widia Santika; Cut Riski Milya
Proceedings of Malikussaleh International Conference on Multidisciplinary Studies (MICoMS) Vol. 3 (2022): Proceedings of Malikussaleh International Conference on Multidisciplinary Studies (MI
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/micoms.v3i.40

Abstract

The availability of petroleum fuels derived from fossils is decreasing along with the increase in the human population. This study aims to create bio-charcoal briquettes derived from solid waste of patchouli oil refining. Research on the use of the by-products of the pyrolysis process on solid waste from patchouli oil refining for making bio charcoal briquettes was carried out using temperature variables of 300, 350 and 400 °C, raw material weights of 600, 1200, and 1800 grams and pyrolysis time variables of 60, 90, 120 and 150 minutes. Solid waste has first been cut into small sizes, dried in the sun first, and then put into a pyrolysis device to be carbonized according to predetermined variables. The results of pyrolysis were then put into a desiccator to cool for 30 minutes and then tested for moisture content, ash content, fly content, bound carbon content, calorific value, SEM test, and combustion rate. The best research results obtained were at a temperature of 400 °C, a raw material weight of 600, and a time of 150 minutes with a thermal value of 5,291 cal/g, a moisture content of 5.77%, an ash content of 4.28%, a volatile matter content of 9.11% and a bound carbon content of 77.42% and a combustion rate of 0.1841 grams/minute. The obtained calorific value shows that patchouli solid waste bio charcoal can be used as an alternative fuel that can be renewed and fulfills SNI 01-6235-2000.
Modification of Cuttlefish Bone-Derived CaO Catalyst via SrO Impregnation for Optimizing the Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil into Biodiesel Cut Rahmah Saputri; Muhammad Muhammad; Adi Setiawan
Reaktor Volume 25 No.3 December 2025
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.25.3.116-123

Abstract

This study investigates the utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) as a biodiesel feedstock using a heterogeneous catalyst derived from cuttlefish bone. The catalyst was modified via Sr(NO₃)₂ impregnation at different composition ratios (98:2, 95:5, and 90:10 % w/v) to produce CaO–SrO catalysts, followed by chemical activation with NaOH (2, 4, and 6 g). Catalyst characterization was conducted using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to examine surface morphology, elemental distribution, and crystalline phases. The results indicate that the catalyst with a 90:10 CaO–SrO composition and 6 g NaOH activation (C90S10–N6) exhibited the most homogeneous surface morphology, uniform Sr dispersion, and enhanced phase stability. Transesterification of WCO under a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst loading of 1 wt%, and reaction time of 2 h resulted in a biodiesel yield of 95.5%. The produced biodiesel showed a density of 0.87 g/mL, water content of 0.64%, calorific value of 38.52 MJ/kg, and a reduction in free fatty acid (FFA) content from 2.84% to 1.71%. These findings demonstrate that SrO-modified CaO catalysts derived from cuttlefish bone are effective, sustainable, and economically viable for enhancing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PENGOPERASIAN DAN PERAWATAN ALAT RETORT KILN UNTUK LIMBAH BIOMASSA: DEVELOPMENT OF MANUAL OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MODULE FOR BIOMASS WASTES RETORT KILN Cut Yuliani Sari cut; Adi Setiawan; Islami Fatwa; Taufiq; Riza Andriani
Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sriwiajaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jptm.v12i1.48

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pengoperasian dan perawatan kiln retort yang layak dan praktis, menentukan kelayakan modul, dan menentukan kepraktisan modul pengoperasian dan perawatan kiln retort berkapasitas 160 liter. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Research & Development (R&D) atau penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada model Borg dan Gall. Langkah-langkah dalam model pengembangan borg and gall terdiri dari 10 tahap, yaitu potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, uji coba produk, uji coba pemakaian, revisi produk, dan produk massal. Prosedur penelitian yang dilakukan hanya sampai pada tahap keenam, yaitu pengujian produk. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah ahli materi, ahli media, dan pengguna/masyarakat. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis deskriptif (kualitatif) yang terdiri dari hasil penilaian angket oleh ahli materi, ahli media, dan tanggapan pengguna/masyarakat. Data yang terkumpul akan dikonversi ke dalam bentuk kuantitatif dengan cara mengkonversi setiap item angket ke dalam bentuk skor. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: Produk yang dibuat divalidasi oleh ahli materi dan ahli media, dari hasil validasi ahli materi I untuk aspek kelayakan isi memperoleh presentase sebesar 98,75%, dan ahli materi II memperoleh presentase sebesar 95,75% dengan kategori “Sangat Layak ”. dan untuk kelayakan aspek bahasa, ahli materi I memperoleh persentase sebesar 96,52%, dan ahli materi II memperoleh persentase sebesar 87,50%. Sedangkan hasil validasi dari ahli media I memperoleh persentase sebesar 95,50%, dan ahli materi II memperoleh persentase sebesar 90,83%, dengan kategori “Sangat Layak”. Hasil uji coba responden yang dilakukan kepada 25 orang memperoleh presentase sebesar 87,45% dengan kategori “Sangat Praktis”.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Blang Pulo Kota Lhokseumawe Melalui Inovasi Teknologi Pengolahan Limbah Kelapa Muda Menjadi Produk Bioarang Adi Setiawan; Alchalil Alchalil; Muhammad Daud; Ahmad Nayan; Mohammad Heikal; Nurmalita Nurmalita; Firman Karim; Umar Ramadhan Siregar; Ochitria Cintia Br. Simajuntak; Ichsan Alwi Nasution
Jurnal Solusi Masyarakat Dikara Vol 4, No 3 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Yayasan Lembaga Riset dan Inovasi Dikara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Desa Blang Pulo merupakan salah satu Desa Binaan dari Universitas Malikussaleh dan berdekatan dengan kampus Bukit Indah Universitas Malikussaleh. Masyarakat di Desa Blang Pulo memiliki mata pencarian sebagai jualan toko kelontong, grosir, maupun penjual minuman salah satunya kelapa muda. Limbah kelapa ini memang termasuk limbah organik, namun memiliki kadar air yang tinggi dan bersifat sangat keras. Hal ini membuat kulit dan sabut kelapa muda sulit diurai oleh mikroorganisme. Sulitnya terurai dan memiliki ukuran yang cukup besar, menjadikan limbah ini mengalami penumpukkan sehingga berdampak buruk pada lingkungan. Di sisi lain, arang kayu yang digunakan selama ini bersumber dari tanaman hutan yang ditebang secara illegal sehingga terjadi deforestrasi yang mengancam lingkungan hidup. Untuk mengatasi persoalan ini dikembangkan sebuah strategi melalui pengolahan limbah kelapa muda menjadi bioarang dengan teknologi kiln. Metode pendekatan yang ditawarkan untuk menyelesaikan persoalan mitra adalah dalam bentuk pelatihan dan pembinaan/ penendampingan pada pengolahan limbah kelapa muda menjadi bioarang yang dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan bakar padat pengganti arang kayu. Tahapan kegiatan ini diawali dengan memberikan pengetahuan mitra tentang pengelolaan limbah biomassa, pembuatan bioarang dari limbah kelapa muda menggunakan teknologi kiln. Harapan utama dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa Blang Pulo dengan memanfaatkan limbah kelapa muda pada menjadi bioarang, serta dapat menghasilkan produk turunan dari bioarang seperti bio-briket dan bio-pelet yang dapat dikomersialkan.
Effect of washing and torrefaction pretreatments on fuel properties of rice husk-based bio-pellets Alchalil Alchalil; Rizky Iskandar; Adi Setiawan; Zulmiardi Zulmiardi; Athiyah Rana; Azhar Syahputra
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 3 (2026): June
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i3.9120

Abstract

Rice husk is an abundant agricultural waste in Indonesia and has potential as a biomass fuel for co-firing in steam power plant boilers. This study investigated the effects of washing and torrefaction pretreatments on the fuel properties of rice husk-based bio-pellets to reduce ash content and improve calorific value. Rice husk was washed using water at 70 ± 5°C under two conditions, with stirring and without stirring, while untreated rice husk was used as a control. Torrefaction was conducted at 260°C, and the treated biomass was pelletized using tapioca starch as a binder at 30% of the raw material weight. The results showed that the lowest ash content (26.362%) was obtained from bio-pellets produced from rice husk washed without stirring, indicating that washing was effective in reducing ash content. The highest calorific value (4456.4 kcal/kg) was recorded in bio-pellets produced from untreated rice husk, while the highest combustion rate (0.504 g/min) was observed in the washed and torrefied samples. The findings indicate a trade-off between ash reduction and energy performance, depending on the pretreatment combination. However, all samples showed relatively high ash content (26%–36%), which may limit their direct suitability for co-firing without further ash reduction treatment.
Penyusunan Modul Saku Pengoperasian dan Perawatan Mesin Adinda Desrina; Adi Setiawan; Azhar Syahputra; Abubakar Dabet; Islami Fatwa
Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Sriwiajaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36706/jptm.v13i1.383

Abstract

Abstrak Alat biopelet merupakan teknologi yang dimanfaatkan untuk mengolah biomassa menjadi bahan bakar padat berbentuk pelet sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Untuk memastikan alat ini beroperasi dengan optimal dan aman, penting untuk memiliki pemahaman yang jelas tentang cara pengoperasian dan perawatannya. Namun, media panduan yang sederhana dan mudah dibawa masih belum tersedia, sehingga diperlukan modul saku yang praktis dan terstruktur sebagai dukungan dalam penggunaan alat biopelet di lapangangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan modul saku pengoperasian dan perawatan mesin pelet biomassa cetakan datar kapasitas 5 kg/jam yang layak dan efektif digunakan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Ditinjau dari aspek kelayakan isi bahwa ahli materi I diperoleh 87,63%, ahli materi II diperoleh 88,5% dengan kategori sangat layak. Untuk aspek kelayakan bahasa, ahli materi I diperoleh 89,7%, ahli materi II diperoleh 88,2%. Sementara aspek kelayakan media bahwa dari ahli media I diperoleh 84% dan ahli media II diperoleh 90%. Selain itu, hasil uji coba produk yang dilakukan kepada 40 pengguna diperoleh 88% dengan kategori sangat efektif. Abstract Bio-pellet equipment is a technology used to convert biomass into solid pellet fuel as an alternative energy source. To ensure safe and optimal operation, users must clearly understand proper operating and maintenance procedures. However, portable and user-friendly instructional media are still limited, highlighting the need for a practical and structured pocket module to support field operations. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a pocket module for the operation and maintenance of a flat die biomass pellet machine with a capacity 5 kg/h. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which comprises analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. Content feasibility validation results showed scores of 87.63% and 88.50% from two material experts, both categorized as highly workable. Language feasibility scores were 89.70% and 88.20%. Media feasibility evaluation yielded scores of 84% and 90% from two media experts, also showing high feasibility. Product trials involving 40 users resulted in an effectiveness score of 88%, categorized as effective as a practical guide.
Performance Evaluation of Solar-Powered Hydrothermal Equipment for Rice Husk Biomass Treatment Martunis; Adi Setiawan; Abubakar Dabet; Jumadi Rusli; Riza Andriani; Gunawati
Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM), Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jreece.v6i1.23926

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the performance of a solar-powered hydrothermal reactor with a capacity of 1 liter, utilizing a parabolic solar collector in the heating process of rice husk. The use of solar energy as an alternative heat source is expected to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and support the development of environmentally friendly technologies. This research employs an experimental method with a quantitative analysis approach. Two variations of raw material mixing ratios were tested: a 1:1 ratio (1 kg of water: 1 kg of rice husk) and a 1:2 ratio (500 grams of rice husk: 1 kg of water). Each ratio was tested three times, monitoring parameters such as material temperature, pressure, ambient temperature, and solar light intensity over a period of 3 hours. The results indicate that the hydrothermal device can achieve a maximum temperature of up to 135°C and a maximum pressure of 36 psi. The highest average temperature was obtained at the 1:1 ratio, measuring 95.46°C, while the 1:2 ratio yielded 85.80°C, demonstrating a significant difference in heating effectiveness. The effectiveness of the solar collector is highly dependent on solar light intensity and weather conditions. This study concludes that the parabolic solar collector is effective as a heat source in small-scale hydrothermal systems and has great potential for application in the processing of biomass waste based on renewable energy in tropical regions.
Co-Authors Abdul Rahman Abubakar Dabet Abubakar Dabet Adi Pangestu, Rangga Adinda Desrina Agam Muarif Ahmad Fikri Ahmad Nayan Ahmadi Ahmadi Alchalil Alchalil Alchalil Alchalil Aljufri Aljufri Almia Permata Putri Andrian Sulaiman Aris Abizar Armadani, Wika Arnawan Hasibuan Asfihani Asfihani Ashish Shrestha Asnawi Athiyah Rana Azhar Syahputra Azhar Syahputra Azhari Azhari Azis, Andy Baidhawi Baidhawi Chalisna Wildani Cut Rahmah Saputri Cut Riski Milya Cut Yuliani Sari cut Deassy Siska Dicky Risky Dirga, Muhammad Fadhillah Dandy Satrio Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Fajriana, Mona Fauzan Firman Karim Gunawati Gunawati Gunawati GUNAWATI, GUNAWATI H Hendrival Hadi Hosseiniamoli Hagi Radian Hermawan, Yuda Hosseiniamoli, Hadi Ichsan Alwi Nasution Indah Ayu Pertiwi Ishak Ishak Islami Fatwa Islami Fatwa Jain, Vishal Jufrizal Ismail Jumadi Rusli Juwaini Khairil Khairil Khairul Anshar Khairul Anshar Khairul Anshar Khairul Anshar Khan, Naseer A. Kurniawan Kurniawan Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Luthfi Luthfi Maizuar Maizuar Martunis Mawaddah Mawaddah Mawaddah Mawaddah, Mawaddah Mohammad Heikal Muhammad Arif Muhammad Arif Muhammad Daud Muhammad Dirga Muhammad Ishak Idrus Panjaitan Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Nuzan Rizki Muhammad Rizqi Almuhtadee Muhammad Sayuthi Muhammad Yusuf MUHAMMAD YUSUF Muhammad Yusuf Muhammad, M Mulkia Farhan Mulyawan, Rizka Nani Siska Putri Khan Naseer A. Khan Nurmalita Nurmalita Nurul Islami, Nurul Ochitria Cintia Br. Simajuntak Panji Aji Riha Wijayanto Putra, Reza Putri Anjali Safina Putri, Almia Permata Raihan, Raudhatul Raudhatul Raihan Renno Kamal Putra Revi Syarlian Ridara, Rina Rifanida Rifanida Rina Ridara Rio Rangga Yudha Saragih Riskina, Shafira Riza Andriani Riza Andriani Rizka Mulyawan Rizky Iskandar Rizqon Hasibuan Robi Kurniawan Rozanna Dewi Shafira Riskina Shafira Riskina Shafira Riskina Shrestha, Ashish Simanjuntak, Ochitria Cintia Br Sinaga, Willy Musa Pernando Siregar, Widyana Verawaty Siti Nurjannah Siti Nurjannah Sri Setiawaty Sri Widia Santika Subhan A Gani Suhardi Makmur Suhardi Makmur Suryadi Suryadi Syahputri, Riana Syamsul Bahri Taufiq Taufiq Tri Waluyo Umar Ramadhan Siregar Vishal Jain Wahyu Sepriawantama Widyana Verawaty Siregar Wika Armadani Wusnah Wusnah, Wusnah Yasir Amani Yogi Arieandi Yuda Hermawan Z Zulfahmi Zainuddin Ginting Zainuddin Ginting Zulfaini Zulfaini Zulfikar Hasibuan Zulmiardi, Zulmiardi Zulnazri, Z