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Callus Induction of Piper betle L. Var Nigra Using 2,4-Dichlorofenoxyacetic Acidand 6-Benzil Aminopurin Junairiah, Junairiah; Purnomo, Purnomo; Utami, Edy Setiti Wida; Ni’matuzahroh, Ni’matuzahroh; Sulistyorini, Lilis
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (381.143 KB) | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i3.15962

Abstract

Piper betle L var Nigra (black betel) is a member of Piperaceae family which has potential as medicinal plant due to its secondary metabolites. Callus culture is one of the alternative methods to elevate production of secondary metabolites. This study was aimed to determine the effect of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzil aminopurine (BAP) towards callus induction and growth, also to determine the most optimal variation of 2,4-D and BAP concentration for callus induction of black betel leaf explant. This study was a laboratory experimental study with complete randomized design. Black betel leaf explant was planted in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-D and BAP growth regulators at concentration of 0.0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L respectively. Parameter recorded for callus induction and growth including callus induction time (days), percentage of explant forming callus, fresh weight, dry weight, color and texture. After callus planted for 8 weeks, analysis was performed statistically. Result showed that 2,4-D and BAP supplementation to medium affected the growth of black bete l leaf explants. Additional concentration of 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BAP growth regulators showed the fastest response in callus formation, at 7.25 days. Growth regulators of 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L and BAP 2.0 mg/L concentration produced the highest fresh and dry weight, at 0.6802 g and 0.0670 g respectively. The best treatment was used as a basis to produce secondary metabolites.
IDENTIFIKASI METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROB EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT DUMORTIERA HIRSUTA Junairiah, Junairiah; Sa'diyah, Muhimmatus; Salamun, Salamun
Sains & Matematika Vol 3, No 2 (2015): April, Sains & Matematika
Publisher : Sains & Matematika

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Abstract

Salah satu keanekaragaman flora di Indonesia adalah Dumortiera hirsuta. Tumbuhan ini berpotensi sebagai bahan antibakteri dan antifungi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifi kasi dan menguji aktivitas antimikrob metabolit sekunder ekstrak etil asetat D. hirsuta. Metabolit sekunder diidentifi kasi dengan skrining fitokimia. Aktivitas antimikrob dilakukan dengan uji difusi dan uji dilusi terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, dan Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Penelitian terdiri atas 24 perlakuan dan masing-masing terdiri atas tiga ulangan. Data yang diperoleh berupa diameter zona hambat, minimal inhibitary concentration (MIC), minimal bacterisidal/fungisidal concentration (MBC/MFC). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil identifi kasi, diketahui bahwa ekstrak etil asetat D hirsuta mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid dan dapat menghambat mikrob patogen. One of the diversity of flora in Indonesia is Dumortiera hirsuta. This plant has the potential as an antibacterial and antifungal. This study aimed to identify and test the antimicrobial activity of secondary metabolites ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta. Secondary metabolites were identified by phytochemical screening. Antimicrobial activity performed by diffusion test and dilution test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25 922 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. This research consisted of 24 treatments and each consists of three replications. The obtained data were the diameter of inhibition zone, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). Data were analyzed descriptively. The identifi cation result showed that the ethylacetate extract of D hirsuta contained flavonoids, alkaloids, steroid, and can inhibit pathogen microbes.
Induksi Kalus Piper retrofractum Vahl. dengan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Auksin dan Sitokinin ., Junairiah; Sofiana, Dewi Amelia; Wulan Manuhara, Yosephine Sri; ., Surahmaida
Journal of Pharmacy and Science Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): Journal of Pharmacy and Science
Publisher : Akademi Farmasi Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53342/pharmasci.v3i2.116

Abstract

ABSTRAK Cabai Jawa (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) dikenal sebagai tanaman hias dan tanaman obat. Metabolit sekunder pada tanaman ini adalah piperin, saponin, kavisin dan minyak atsiri. Metabolit sekunder  tersebut dapat diisolasi dari bahan tanaman atau kalus hasil kultur jaringan tanaman. Pada metode kultur jaringan  tanaman untuk menginduksi kalus diperlukan media dengan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh yang tepat untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) dan 6-Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) yang paling baik untuk induksi kalus P. retrofractum. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratoris. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 17 perlakuan yang terdiri atas 16 perlakuan kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh dan 1 perlakuan kontrol, Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas  6 ulangan. Eksplan daun P. retrofractum ditumbuhkan pada medium Murashige dan Skoog padat ditambah  dengan zat pengatur tumbuh dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 0; 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2 mg/L. Data yang diperoleh  berupa data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kuantitatif meliputi lama waktu induksi kalus, persentase eksplan membentuk kalus, berat segar kalus dan berat kering kalus, dianalisis secara statistik dengan SPSS. Data kualitatif meliputi warna dan tekstur kalus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zat pengatur tumbuh NAA dan BAP berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan eksplan daun P. retrofractum. Penambahan kombinasi konsentrasi NAA 0,5 mg/L dan BAP 0,5 mg/L menunjukkan respon terbentuknya kalus paling cepat yaitu 11,5 hari. Penambahan kombinasi konsentrasi NAA 1 mg/L dan BAP 0,5 mg/L menghasilkan berat segar terbaik  yaitu 70,6 mg, sedangkan pada kombinasi konsentrasi  NAA 1 mg/L dan BAP 2 mg/L menghasilkan berat kering terbaik  yaitu 18 mg. Warna kalus adalah putih dan putih kecokelatan dengan tekstur friabel dan kompak.Kata kunci: BAP, induksi kalus, NAA, Piper retrofractum Vahl.ABSTRACT Chili Java (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) is known as ornamental plants and medicinal plants. Secondary metabolites in this plant are piperin, saponin, kavisin and essential oils. Secondary metabolites can be isolated from plant material or callus from plant tissue culture. In plant tissue culture method to induce callus required media with the growth regulator concentration to get optimal result. The aim of this research is to know the effect of the combination of growth regulator of Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and 6-Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) which is best for the induction of P. retrofractum callus. The type of this study was laboratory experimental. The study used a complete randomized design (RAL) with 17 treatments consisting of 16 treatment combinations of growth regulators and 1 control treatment. Each treatment consisted of 6 replications. P. retrofractum leaf eksplan grown on Murashige and Skoog solid medium coupled with growth regulator substances with respective concentrations of 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 mg / L. The data obtained in the form of quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data include duration of callus induction, percentage of callus form explants, fresh callus weight and dry weight of callus, analyzed statistically with SPSS. Qualitative data include callus color and texture. The results showed that NAA and BAP growth regulator effect on growth of P. retrofractum leaf eksplan. The addition of a combination of NAA concentration of 0.5 mg / L and BAP 0.5 mg / L showed the fastest callus formation response of 11.5 days. The combination of NAA concentration of 1 mg / L and BAP 0,5 mg / L resulted in the best fresh weight of 70.6 mg, while in combination NAA concentration 1 mg / L and BAP 2 mg / L yielded the best dry weight of 18 mg. Callus color is white and white  with a friable and compact texture.Keywords:BAP,   callus     induction,             NAA,       Piper      retrofractum         Vahl
Pengaruh Hormon Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) dan 6-Benzyl Amino Purin (BAP) terhadap Induksi Kalus Piper betle L. var Nigra ., Junairiah; Rachmah, Artifa; Manuhara, Yosephine Sri Wulan; ., Ni’matuzahroh; Sulistyorini, Lilis; ., Surahmaida
Journal of Pharmacy and Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): Journal of Pharmacy and Science
Publisher : Akademi Farmasi Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53342/pharmasci.v4i2.141

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) dan BAP (6-Benzyl Amino Purine) yang paling baik untuk induksi kalus sirih hitam (Piper betle L.). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 25 perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan memiliki 6 ulangan sehingga terdapat 150 unit ekperimen. Pada tahap kultur kalus dilakukan dengan menambahkan zat pengatur tumbuh IBA dan BAP ke dalam medium Murashige and Skoog (MS). Hasil uji tersebut menunjukkan bahwa zat pengatur tumbuh IBA dan BAP dengan kombinasi konsentrasi berbeda berpengaruh terhadap waktu induksi kalus, berat segar dan berat kering kalus sirih hitam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan waktu tercepat pembentukan kalus pada IBA 2,0 mg/L dan BAP 2,0 mg/L yaitu 10 hari. Berat segar dan berat kering tertinggi pada IBA 2,0 mg/L dan 2,0 mg/L yaitu 0,8507 gram untuk berat segar dan 0,0769 untuk berat kering. Warna kalus adalah putih kehijauan dengan tekstur kompak dan remah.Kata kunci: Induksi kalus, Piper betle L., Indole Butyric Acid, 6-Benzyl Amino Purine.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research to determine the effect of the combination concentration of growth regulators IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) and BAP (6-Benzyl Amino Purine) was best for callus induction black betel (Piper betle L.). This research used completely randomized design with 25 treatments and 6 replicates of each treatment, hence there were 150 experimental units. At this stage of callus culture was done by adding the growth regulators IBA and BAP into Murashige and Skoog (MS). The test results showed that plant growth regulators IBA and BAP in combination with different concentrations of influence on callus induction time, fresh weight and dry weight callus Piper betle L. The results showed the fastest time of callus formation at IBA 2,0 mg/L and BAP 2,0 mg/L at 10 days. Fresh weight and dry weight of the highest in the IBA 2,0 mg/L and BAP 2,0 mg/L were 0,8507 grams and 0,0769 grams fresh weight to dry weight. The color of callus was white greenish with compact and friable texture.Keywords: Callus induction, Piper betle L., Indole Butyric Acid, 6-Benzyl Amino Purine.
PRODUKSI ELISITOR UNTUK MENSTIMULASI METABOLIT SEKUNDER PADA KULTUR JARINGAN TUMBUHAN Junairiah, Junairiah; Nimatuzahroh, Nimatuzahroh; Suwito, Hery
Proceeding Biology Education Conference: Biology, Science, Enviromental, and Learning Vol 11, No 1 (2014): Prosiding Seminar Nasional XI Biologi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

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Abstract

One method in improving secondary metabolites in plant tissue culture is through elicitation, by adding elicitor to plant cells which is intended to induce and enhance secondary metabolites production. In this research, Trichoderma sp and Penicillium sp grown on amylum and Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) medium were used as elicitor. The results of this research showed that the best growth of the two fungi was produced on amylum medium, with incubation time six days and one day, wet weight 105,8 g/L and 87,4 g/L respectively. Keywords: elicitor, secondary metabolites
Callus induction and secondary metabolite profile from Elephantopus scaber L. Junairiah Junairiah; Diah Ayu Wulandari; Edy Setiti Wida Utami; Nabilah Istighfari Zuraidassanaaz
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 6, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.59234

Abstract

Elephantopus scaber L. is a plant that has potential as traditional medicine. Callus induction and production of secondary metabolite content can be increased by culture callus using plant growth regulators. This study was purposed to investigate the effect of IBA and kinetin concentration on the induction and secondary metabolite profile of callus from E. scaber L. leaves. Leaves explant of E. scaber L. were cultured on MS medium with various combination concentrations of IBA and kinetin for 6 weeks and then callus was extracted using methanol.  Secondary metabolite content from the resulting extract was analyzed using the phytochemical screening method. The result showed that the treatment of IBA 2.0 mg/L and kinetin 1.0 mg/L and treatment of IBA 2.0 mg/L and kinetin 2.5 mg/L are the fastest combination concentration to induce callus at 5.33 ± 0.577 days. Treatment of IBA 2.0 mg/L and kinetin 2.5 mg/L produced callus with the highest fresh weight and dry weight at 0.7016 ± 0.0588 grams and 0.0766 ± 0.0062 grams, respectively. The morphology of calluses grown during this study was compact with various colors appearance, such as light green, brownish green, and brown. Secondary metabolite content of methanol extract of callus E. scaber L. are flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins.
ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM DICRANACEAE MOSSES Junairiah Junairiah; Tri Nurhariyati; Ni'matuzahroh Ni'matuzahroh; Lilis Sulistyorini
Jurnal Kimia Riset Vol. 1 No. 2 (2016): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1205.878 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jkr.v1i2.3086

Abstract

ABSTRACT            Dicranoloma reflexum and Dicranella coarctata are mosses from Dicranaceae family. This study was purposed to identify bioactive compounds contained from both species. Dicranoloma reflexum and Dicranella coarctata collected form Cangar forest, Batu, East Java. Mosses was rinsed, dried and crushed into powder. Extraction was performed using maceration method with n-hexane, acetic acid, and methanol solvent. Compounds obtained then identified using Gass Chromatography Mass Spectra. Result showed that n-hexane, acetic ethyl, and methanol extract of Dicranoloma reflexum contained 61, 16, and 58 compounds respectively. Main component of each extract was 1-octadecene, phenol, and 9-octadecanoic acid. N-hexane, acetic ethyl, and methanol extract of Dicranella coarctata contained 5, 38, and 23 compounds respectively. Main component of each extract was thiosulphuric acid, E-15 heptedecenal, and n-hexadecanoic acid.Key words : Dicranaceae, bioactive compounds
Analisis GCMS terhadap Senyawa Fitokimia Ekstrak Metanol Ganoderma lucidum Surahmaida Surahmaida; Tri Puji Lestari Sudarwati; Junairiah Junairiah
Jurnal Kimia Riset Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (297.637 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jkr.v3i2.12060

Abstract

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis senyawa fitokimia ekstrak metanol Ganoderma lucidum dengan metode GCMS. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi  proses ekstraksi serbuk halus G. lucidum menggunakan pelarut metanol dengan metode maserasi selama 3x3 hari dan ekstrak metanol G. lucidum yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan alat GCMS. Senyawa fitokimia yang teridentifikasi oleh GCMS antara lain thiophene, 2-hexyl-; 3-((3-Acetoxythyl)-6-acetoxymethyl-2,4-dimethyl)phenyl)-2-methyl-(E)-2-propenyl acetate; 2,7-Diphenylindole; dan 5-(2-Bromophenyl)-7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa senyawa fitokimia pada ekstrak metanol G. lucidum memiliki efek farmakologis bagi kesehatan manusia dan aktivitas biologis lainnya.  Katakunci: Ganoderma lucidum, senyawa fitokimia, GCMS AbstractThis study aims to analyze the phytochemical compounds of methanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum using the GCMS method. The stages of this study include extraction of fine powder G. lucidum using methanol solvent by maceration method for 3x3 days and methanol extract of G. lucidum obtained were analyzed by GCMS. Phytochemical compounds identified by GCMS is thiophene, 2-hexyl-; 3 - ((3-Acetoxythyl) -6-acetoxymethyl-2,4-dimethyl) phenyl) -2-methyl- (E) -2-propenyl acetate; 2,7-Diphenylindole; and 5- (2-Bromophenyl) -7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-one. It can be concluded that phytochemical compounds in methanol extract of G. lucidum have pharmacological effects on human health and other biological activities. Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum, phytochemical compounds, GCMS
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF BLACK BETEL (Piper betle L. var Nigra) Junairiah Junairiah; Ni’matuzahroh Ni’matuzahroh; Nabilah Istighfari Zuraidassanaaz; Lilis Sulistyorini
Jurnal Kimia Riset Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (329.337 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jkr.v3i2.12064

Abstract

AbstractPiper betle L. var Nigra commonly known as black betel have a potential as drug raw materials. The leave of black betel  can be used to resist bleeding so as to accelerate the healing of wounds on the skin, sputum, other uses are for epistaxis, as well as for dialysis, asthma, bronchitis, cough, and high blood pressure. Many uses of black betel leaves make it interesting to learn its metabolites compounds by phytochemical screening. So, this research aimed  to isolate and identificate secondary metabolites of Piper betle L. var Nigra. This research used three kind of organic solvents, there were methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane. Several screening tests were used to isolate and identificate the phytochemical compound, including screening of alkaloids, terpenoids/steroids, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and saponins. The results showed that methanol extract of black betel leaves contained of alkaloids, terpenoids/steroid, flavonoids, polyphenols and tannins compounds. The ethyl acetate extract of black betel leaves contained of terpenoids/steroid, flavonoids and tannins compounds. The n-hexane extract of black betel leaves contained of terpenoids/steroid. The methanol extract of Piper betle L. var Nigra contained more secondary metabolites than n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. Keywords : methanol ; Phytochemical screening ; Piper betle L. var Nigra.
Senyawa Bioaktif Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) Surahmaida Surahmaida; Umarudin Umarudin; Junairiah Junairiah
Jurnal Kimia Riset Vol. 4 No. 1 (2019): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.619 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/jkr.v4i1.13176

Abstract

AbstrakDaun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) umumnya digunakan sebagai tanaman obat keluarga, hal ini diduga karena senyawa bioaktif yang terkandung didalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus) menggunakan GCMS. Hasil senyawa bioaktif yang teridentifikasi ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing mengandung 1,1-Dicyclopentylethane; Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2,6-diene-1,2,3,4,4,5,6-d(7); n-Butyl palmitate; 1-oxo03.alpa.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-6.alpa.-methyl-6a.alpa.-carbomethoxy-1,3,3a.alpa.,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furan;  1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane; 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-benzene dan Silicone grease, Siliconfett. Senyawa-senyawa bioaktif ekstrak n-heksana daun kumis kucing tersebut kemudian dianalisis aktivitas biologi dan farmakologisnya. Katakunci: Orthosiphon stamineus, senyawa bioaktif, GCMS AbstractThe leaves of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) are generally used as family medicinal plants, this is thought to be due to the bioactive compounds contained therein. The purpose of this study was to find out the bioactive compounds of n-hexane extract of cat whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) using GCMS. The results of bioactive compounds identified with n-hexane extract of cat whiskers containing 1,1-Dicyclopentylethane; Bicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2,6-diene-1,2,3,4,4,5,6-d(7); n-Butyl palmitate; 1-oxo03.alpa.-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-6.alpa.-methyl-6a.alpa.-carbomethoxy-1,3,3a.alpa.,6a-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furan;  1,1,3,3,5,5,7,7,9,9,11,11,13,13-tetradecamethylheptasiloxane; 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-benzene and Silicone grease, Siliconfett. The bioactive compounds of the n-hexane extract of the cat's whiskers leaves were then analyzed for their biological and pharmacological activities. Keywords: Orthosiphon stamineus, bioactive compound, GCMS