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FORMULASI PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK MARGARIN BERBAHAN MINYAK IKAN TUNA (Thunnus sp) DAN STEARIN KELAPA SAWIT [IN PRESS APRIL 2016] Ramadhana, Muhammad Reza; Kusnadi, Joni
Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

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ABSTRAK   Minyak ikan Tuna memiliki manfaat yang baik bagi kesehatan tubuh karena banyak mengandung asam lemak rantai panjang (PUFA). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengembangkan produk berbahan dasar minyak ikan Tuna. Penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua faktor yaitu faktor I adalah proporsi minyak ikan Tuna dan stearin kelapa sawit (60% : 40%, 50% : 50%, dan 40% : 60%). Faktor II adalah konsentrasi antioksidan BHA (150 ppm, 175 ppm dan 200 ppm).Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada proporsi minyak ikan tuna : stearin kelapa sawit 40 % : 60 % dengan konsentrasi antioksidan BHA sebesar 200 ppm. Karakteristik margarin perlakuan terbaik adalah bilangan peroksida 11.10 mek/kg, bilangan anisidine 14.71, bilangan totoks 36.91, bilangan asam 1.94 mgKOH/g, bilangan iodin 48.81 g iod/100 g, warna kecerahan 85.90, warna kekuningan 18.40, stabilitas emulsi 90.95 %, titik leleh 41.70 ° C, daya oles 9.00 cm.   Kata kunci: BHA, Margarin, Minyak Ikan Tuna, Stearin   ABSTRACT Tuna oil has good nutritional value for human health. The purpose of this research was to develop of product from tuna oil. This research usedcomplete random design methods with 2 factors, there ware proportion of tuna oil and palm stearin i.e 60% : 40%, 50% : 50% and 40% : 60%and the second factor was the concentration of the BHA antioxidant i.e. 150 ppm, 175 ppm and 200 ppm.The best treatment was obtained from proportion of tuna oil and palm stearin 40% : 60% and 200 ppm added BHA antioxidant in formulation. The properties of best treatment margarine were peroxide value of 11.10  meq/kg, anisidine value of 14.71, totox value of 36.91, acid value of 1.94 mgKOH/g, iodine value of 48.81 g iod/100 g, L* colour of 85.90, b+ colour of 18.40, emulsion stability of 90.95 %, melting point of 41.70 ° C, slip point of 9.00 cm. Keyword:BHA, Margarine, Palm Stearin, Tuna Oil
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN KEFIR ROSELLA MERAH (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) DARI BERBAGAI MERK DI PASARAN Prihandini, Adistia Ritri; Kusnadi, Joni
Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

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PEMBUATAN MINUMAN FERMENTASI KOMBUCHA DARI BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) (KAJIAN BAGIAN BUAH DAN JENIS GULA) Purwanti, Eni; Kusnadi, Joni; Maligan, Jaya Mahar
Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri Vol 4, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

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Characteristics of fermented Cassava Flour as Material for Producing Sagukasbi Rasulu, Hamidin; Yuwono, Sudarminto S.; Kusnadi, Joni
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 13, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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This research aimed to study the effects of two fermentation methods (fixed and unfixed) on HCN content, bulk density, moisture content, flour microstructure, and sensory properties of texture, colour, and flavor of cassava flour made from local cassava tuber of Tidore variety. Unfixed fermentation was conducted by replacing soaking water every one a day. Meanwhile at fixed fermentation, the soaking water was not replaced. The result showed that HCN content of cassava flour of fixed fermentation method was significantly lower than (p<0.05) on unfixed fermentation method. Moisture and starch content of fixed and unfixed fermented cassava flour was lower than unfermented cassava flour. Starch granule micrograph of fixed and unfixed fermented cassava flour had similar starch granule size. Texture, color, flavour of both fermented cassava flour did not differ significantly (p>0.05). Otherwise, fixed fermentation method using local cassava variety of Tidore could be suggested for producing cassava flour and was recommended as raw material for sagukasbi processing. Keywords: fermented cassava, sagukasbi, microstructure, starch granule, cassava flour, unfixed fermen-tation, fixed fermentation, HCN content
Viability of Immobilized Probiotic Bacteria, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacilus casei, in an Emulsion of Corn and Their Survival in Subsequent Treatments Maligan, Jaya Mahar; Kusnadi, Joni; Murtini, Erni Sofia
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 7, No 3 (2006)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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The effectiveness of corn oil emulsion as a protective agent for immobilization of probiotic bacteria cells, B. bifidum, L. acidophilus and L. casei and subsequent treatments, i.e. various conditions of storage and processing, was studied. The immobilized cells were subjected to each of the following: storage conditions at low temperatures 4 ± 1 oC and -10 ± 1 oC, at low pH (pH 1.0 and 2.0), bile salts 2% and processing conditions (25% sucrose solution. 10% brine, and heat treatment up to 80 oC). The statistical approach employed in the experiment was the Post Test Only with control Group Design and a paired sample test was then conducted. The results showed that the viability of the tested probiotic bacteria cells varied with the type of bacteria and conditions of storage processing. The immobilization of probiotics in corn oil emulsion has significant effect on the viability of B. bifidum, L acidophilus and L. casei subjected to temperature of -10 ± 1 oC, at low pH (1.0 and 2.0), heating process and 10% brine. Immobilization process has no significant effect on the viabilities of L. acidophilus and L. casei stored at -10 ± 1 oC, of B. bifidum  subjected to bile salts 2% and 25% sucrose solution. Immobilization process in corn oil emulsion was able to retain the probiotics viability as many as 1.12-4.23 log. Therfore, it can be concluded that an emulsion of corn oil is suitable for immobilization media for B. bifidum, L. acidophilus and L. casei protection them during storage at low temperatures, GI tract condition and above mentioned processing conditions. Keywords: Probiotics, viability, immobilization, corn oil emulsion
Efectiveness of Whey Protein Consentrates and Dextrins to Maintain Viability of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Frozen Dried Starter Yoghurt Karinawatie, Shanty; Kusnadi, Joni; Martati, Erryana
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of dextrins (0, 35, 40 and 45% (w/w) as cryoprotectant agent and whey protein concentrates (WPC) (0, 2 and 4% (w/v)) as nutrition which promote lactic acid bacteria (LAB) growth, to maintain viability of LAB in frozen dried yoghurt starter. The result of this study showed that WPC and dextrin can maintain LAB yoghurt in frozen dried starter, effectively. WPC concentrations showed very significant difference on LAB total and water content. Dextrin concentrations showed very significant difference on all parameters. The best treatment resulted from the combination of 4% WPC and 45% dextrin added. The characteristics were LAB total of 8,21 log CFU/g, water content of 5,28% and lightness 71. Yoghurt product made by the best treatment of frozen dried starter were not give significant differences with yoghurt product using liquid starter on LAB total, pH, acidity total and reducing sugar. To make yoghurt, the percentage of frozen dried starter was 7,45% (w/v) whereas the percentage of liquid starter was 2% (w/v).Key Word : LAB viability, frozen dried starter, freeze drying, dextrin, WPC
Studi Keamanan Susu Pasteurisasi yang Beredar di Kotamadya Malang (Kajian dari Mutu Mikrobiologis dan Nilai Gizi) Zubaidah, Elok; Kusnadi, Joni; Setiawan, Pendik
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 3, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Seiring dengan meningkatnya konsumsi susu masyarakat, khususnya anak-anak, akhir-akhir ini semakin banyak pula susu pasteurisasi yang beredar di masyarakat dengan harga yang terjangkau oleh masyarakat menengah kebawah. Pada umumnya susu pasteurisasi in diproduksi oleh industri rumah tangga,  dikemas dengan kemasan plastik dan  dijajakan di sekolah-sekolah dengan sasaran anak-anak TK dan SD. Selama ini belum diketahui apakah susu tersebut telah memenuhi standar keamanan mikrobiologis maupun mutu gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu mikrobiologis dan nilai gizi dari susu pasteurisasi yang beredar di Kotamadya malang. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 6 merk susu pasteurisasi yaitu KUD Batu, BLPP Batu, KUD Dau, Tani Malang, Dwita Melati dan Tanpa merk. Sebagai pembanding digunakan standar susu pasteurisasi berdasarkan SNI tahun 1993. Analisa meliputi kondisi produk, uji mikrobiologis meliputi angka lempeng total, E. coli, uji reduktase, Uji kimia meliputi kadar  protein, lemak, Bahan Kering Tanpa Lemak.  Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata total mikroba antara 150.000-2.400.000 koloni/ml, Rerata total Escherichia coli antara 91 – 263 koloni/ml, Rerata uji reduktase antara 4,3 – 6 jam, Rerata derajat keasaman (pH) antara 5,46 – 5,58  Rerata kadar protein antara 3,06 – 3,5, Rerata kadar lemak antara 1,95 – 3,15, Rerata bahan kering tanpa lemak antara 10,32 – 12,79. Berdasarkan SNI 1993 untuk susu pasteurisasi, total mikroba maksimal sebesar 30.000 koloni/ml, E.coli sebesar 10 koloni/ml., uji reduktase sebesar 8 jam. kadar protein minimal 2,5%, kadar lemak minimal 2,8%, BKTL minimal 7,5. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa semua jenis susu pasteurisasi yang diteliti jika ditinjau dari aspek mikrobiologis tidak satupun yang memenuhi standar susu pasteurisasi berdasarkan SNI Tahun 1993. Sedangkan ditinjau dari mutu gizi sudah memenuhi persyaratan SNI 1993.   Kata kunci: susu pasteurisasi, mutu mikrobiologis, dan Escherichia coli
Study on the Growth of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Dadih in Ice Cream as Probiotic Food Ambri, Khairul; Kusnadi, Joni; Putri, Widya Dwi Rukmi
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Dadih is West Sumatera traditional food made by natural fermentation of buffalo milk in bamboo which contains some Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB).  Some of these bacteria in dadih have probiotic characteristic therefore can be used as probiotic resources.  LAB have good effect on the health if they fulfill qualitative and quantitative requirement as probiotic, such as viable and able to maintain their viability during consumption with minimum number of cell of 1X106 CFU/ml.  One of the effort to maintain viability of LAB  and to have minimum quantitative requirement of LAB as probiotic food is LAB from dadih is cultivated in suitable media.  Ice cream is one of an appropriate media for LAB from dadih to grow.The research was conducted in Randomized Block Design with two factors.  The first factor was incubation time consisted of three levels: 0, 5, and 10 hour, whether second factor was aging time consisted of three levels: 24, 48, and 72 hours.Preliminary experiment showed that LAB from dadih grew well in ice cream.  Initial number of LAB in ice cream mix after addition of 5% starter was 5.5 x 107 CFU/ml whether average number of LAB in final product (ice cream) were in range of 8.9 x 107 CFU/ml – 7.8 x 1013 CFU/ml.  The result showed that the best treatment based on microbiological and physicochemical characteristic was treatment with incubation time of 10 hours and aging time of 72 hours.  The characteristics of the ice cream were as followed: total number of LAB of 7.76 x 1013 CFU/ml; total sugar of 2.06%; total acid of 0.76%; pH of 4.93; overrun of 11.45% and melting rate of 0,99 g/min whether the best treatment based on sensory characteristic had total amount of LAB of 2.04 x 1011 CFU/ml; total sugar of 2.23%; total acid of 0.72%; pH of 5.07; overrun of 13.04%, and melting rate of 1.00 g/min.Keywords: dadih, probiotic, incubation time, aging time
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI CASPIAN SEA SOYGHURT (KAJIAN PROPORSI PENAMBAHAN GULA PASIR DAN SUSU SKIM SERTA JENIS KEDELAI) Herlambang, Dwi; Rif'ah, Hamidah Itha'atur; Kusnadi, Joni
Journal of Food and Life Sciences Vol 2, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

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Caspian sea yoghurt merupakan produk fermentasi susu sapi seperti yoghurt pada umumnya namun memiliki keasaman yang rendah dan viskositas yang lebih besar. Umumnya caspian sea yoghurt dibuat dari susu sapi, namun penelitian ini menggunakan susu kedelai sebagai bahan baku, oleh karena itu disebut caspian sea soyghurt. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kedelai serta proporsi gula pasir dan susu skim terbaik agar didapatkan caspian sea soyghurt dengan komponen mikrobiologi dan kimia yang baik, serta karakteristik warna, aroma dan rasa dapat diterima masyarakat. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor I adalah jenis kedelai (Kedelai kuning dan hitam) sedangkan faktor Faktor II adalah proporsi gula dan susu skim (100:0 ; 25:75 ; 50:50 ; 75:25 ; 0:100) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Data dianalisa dengan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dengan uji lanjut DMRT dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan Pemilihan perlakuan terbaik menggunakan metode zeleny. Perlakuan caspian sea soyghurt terbaik menggunakan kedelai kuning dengan proporsi gula pasir dan susu skim (100:0) dengan nilai pH 3,98; total asam 0,63%; diameter zona bening E. coli 9,00 mm; diameter zona bening S. aureus 7,70 mm; jumlah bakteri asam laktat 4,8x108 CFU/mL; nilai organoleptik warna 3,32 (Agak suka); nilai organoleptik aroma 3,26 (agak suka); nilai organoleptik rasa 3,42 (agak suka) dan nilai organoleptik tekstur 2,21 (tidak suka). Kata Kunci         : Caspian sea Soyghurt, Gula Pasir, Kedelai, Susu skim
Asam Lemak Bebas dan Bilangan Asam Selai Kacang “Home Fortification” selama Penyimpanan (Free Fatty Acids and Acid Values of "Home Fortification" Peanut Butter during Storage) Kusuma, Titis Sari; Kusnadi, Joni; -, Winarsih
Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Jurusan Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (238.925 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ijhn.2016.003.02.4

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AbstrakSelai kacang tanah merupakan salah satu komoditi tinggi lemak dan protein yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan “home fortification” untuk anak usia 6-24 bulan sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya stunting, wasting, dan underweight. Lemak kacang tanah mudah teroksidasi dan menjadi tengik jika selama proses penyimpanan  jika tidak disimpan dengan benar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan waktu pasteurisasi terhadap asam lemak bebas dan bilangan asam produk selai kacang tanah selama proses penyimpanan. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Nested Design 3 faktor penelitian. Faktor penelitian I, pembuatan selai kacang tanah (tanpa pasteurisasi, 710C, 10 menit; pasteurisasi 800C, 1 menit), dengan 3 kali ulangan setiap kelompok. Faktor  penelitian II, waktu penyimpanan dalam minggu (0, 1, 2, dan 3 minggu).  Faktor penelitian III, suhu simpan (suhu kamar, suhu dingin). Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah uji asam lemak bebas dan bilangan asam. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang singnifikan (p=0,999) pada kadar asam lemak bebas dan bilangan asam, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa lemak belum mengalami proses oksidasi yang berlebihan selama proses penyimpanan 3 minggu baik di suhu dingin maupun di suhu ruang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa selai kacang tanah home fortitication mempunyai jangka waktu aman untuk dikonsumsi anak usia 6-24 bulan dalam jangka waktu 3 minggu, karena mutu lemak masih baik.Kata Kunci: selai kacang tanah, suhu kamar, suhu dingin, asam lemak bebas, bilangan asam AbstractPeanut butter is one of the commodities with high fat and protein that can be used as a basis for making "home fortification" for children aged 6-24 months in order to prevent the occurrence of stunting, wasting and underweight. The fat of peanut is easily oxidized and turns rancid during storage if not properly stored. This study aimed to determine the effect of temperature and time of pasteurization of free fatty acids and acid values of peanut butter product during storing process. This research used Nested Design with three study factors, namely, the first factor that is the manufacture of peanut butter (without pasteurization, 71ᵒ C, 10 minutes; pasteurization, 80ᵒ C, 1 min, with 3 repetitions each group; the second factor that is the storage time in week (0, 1, 2, 3 weeks); and the third factor that is storing temperature (room temperature, cold temperature). The tests conducted were tests on free fatty acid and acid value. There is no significant difference (p = 0.999) in the levels of free fatty acids and acid values, it indicates that the fat has not experienced excessive oxidation during 3 week storage process both at cold temperature and at room temperature. It can be concluded that “home fortification” peanut butter has safe time period of consumption for children aged 6-24 months within a period of 3 weeks, because the fat quality is still good.Keywords:peanut butter,room temperature, cold temperature, free fatty acid, acid value
Co-Authors A'rasyiJ Imaduddin A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Adistia Ritri Prihandini Adistia Ritri Prihandini, Adistia Ritri Afifah Puji Hastuti Afifah Puji Hastuti, Afifah Puji Afla Tazakka Aj-juwita Afla Tazakka Aj-juwita Afriliana, Asmak AGUSTIN KRISNA WARDANI Agustin Mardiana, Nur Ahmad Zakiyul Wafi Ainina Ahmad Santoso Ali Masykur Ali Masykur Andayani, Dian Wuri Anik Ardianti Anik Ardianti Atmiral Ernes Ayu Fitriana Wulandari Baiq Dina Mariana Benediktus Hendra Perkasa Citra Firdhausi Citra Firdhausi Daimon Syukri Dedi Dedi Denta, Anggeria Oktavisa Dian Widya Ningtyas Dila Rahmawati Dr.Ir. Yunianta, DEA Dwi Esti Prayanti Dwi Ratnaningsih DWI SURYANTO Edi Priyo Utomo Elke Galuh Primurdia Elke Galuh Primurdia Elok Zubaedah Elok Zubaidah Endrika Widyastuti Endrika Widyastuti Eni Purwanti Eni Purwanti, Eni Erni Sofia Muritni Erni Sofia Murtini Erryana Martati Estri Laras Arumingtyas Estri Laras Arumingtyas Eunike Debora Purba Fadri, Rince Alfia Faiqotur Rohmania Feronika Heppy Sriherfyna Fitri Nurzanah Fitriyana, Nurul Isnaini Freini Dessi Efendi Hakiki, Hilda Maghfirotu Hamidin Rasulu Hana Susanti Maleta Hannes Dwi Novia Hariry, Amelia Hasria Alang Herlambang, Dwi Hernandi, Kevin Hohn Hilda Maghfirotu Hakiki Ima Andriastuti IS HELIANTI Ito, Nobutaka Jamhari Jamhari Jaya Mahar Maligan Kartika Cahyania Pratiwi Kevin Hohn Hernandi Khairul Ambri Khotibul Umam Al-Awwaly Khotibul Umam Al-Awwaly Khusnul Khotimah Khusnul Khotimah KIKI FIBRIANTO Lenny Yudha Febriyanti Lenny Yudha Febriyanti Lia Ratnawati Lilis Karlina Malsa Fian Yana Malsa Fian Yana Mega Kristanti Ayuratri Muhammad Reza Ramadhana Muhammad Reza Ramadhana, Muhammad Reza Nazir, N Nenu Maria Ovy Sonia Nenu Maria Ovy Sonia Nisa Harmia Yuliasih Noor Hidayat, Noor Novi Vensia Magdalena Novi Vensia Magdalena Novita Wijayanti Nur Istianah Nur Istianah Nur Kusmiyati Pamulanti, Anjar Pebiningrum, Arlinda Pendik Setiawan Pratiwi Anggun Retnowati Pratiwi Anggun Retnowati Putri, Annisyia Zarina Raida Amelia Ifadah Raida Amelia Ifadah Rif'ah, Hamidah Itha'atur RIMA AZARA Rinelda Ayu Sintasari Rinelda Ayu Sintasari Rukmi, Widya Dwi Septi, Nur Diana Shanty Karinawatie Sudarma Dita Wijayanti Sudarma Dita Wijayanti Sudarminto Setyo Yuwono Suharjono Suharjono Suharjono Suharjono, Suharjono Sutik Rahayu Endah Sutrisno Adi Prayitno Suwasono, Sony Tabitha Larasati Tabitha Larasati Tanti Untari Tanti Untari Teti Estiasih Titis Sari Kusuma Tri Ardyati Tri Ardyati Try Ardyati Tutik Murniasih Tuty Anggraini Vivi Retno Sari Vivi Retno Sari Widya Dwi Rukmi Putri Yan Abdi Nugroho Yan Abdi Nugroho Yohana Lydia Rissa Tanjung Yohana Lydia Rissa Tanjung Zuliyaningsih Zuliyaningsih