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PEMANFAATAN BIJI KAKAO INFERIOR CAMPURAN SEBAGAI SUMBER ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIBAKTERI Kusuma, Yulianto Tri Chandra; Suwasono, Sony; Yuwanti, Sih
Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian (e-ISSN: 2338-8331) Vol 1, No 2: NOVEMBER
Publisher : Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian (e-ISSN: 2338-8331)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.574 KB)

Abstract

[ENGLISH] There are about 30% of cocoa beans still classified as inferior or low quality beans due to diseases. Low-quality cocoa beans can be used as the source of polyphenolic substances. The purpose of this study was to determine the potency of inferior cocoa beans with various particle sizes as raw materials for polyphenol extraction, and the use of polyphenol-rich cocoa extracts as antioxidant and antibacterial substances. The research was conducted in two stages, namely preliminary research and primary research. This preliminary study aimed to obtain polyphenol-rich cocoa bean extract and to examine antioxidant activity using DPPH method. The next research was to conduct antibacterial test against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis using well diffusion method treated using polyphenols of each type of various particle size (16 mesh, 25 mesh, 35 mesh) with concentrations of 0 ppm, 25.000 ppm, 50.000 ppm, 75.000 ppm, 100.000 ppm. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and the inhibition power against bacteria was observed. The results showed that the greater the concentration of polyphenol extracts and the smaller size of the filter powder cocoa resulted in the increase of bacterial growth inhibition area. Keywords: Polyphenol; Cocoa beans; Escherichia coli; Bacillus subtilis [INDONESIAN] Biji kakao inferior merupakan biji buah kakao bermutu rendah karena terserang penyakit dan belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Biji kakao berkualitas rendah dapat dimanfaatkan dengan cara mengekstrak kandungan polifenolnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui potensi ekstrak polifenol biji kakao inferior dengan variasi ukuran partikel sebagai bahan yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu penelitian pendahuluan dan penelitian utama. Penelitian pendahuluan bertujuan untuk memperoleh esktrak polifenol dari biji kakao inferior campuran yang terserang penyakit. Esktrak polifenol hasil penelitian pendahuluan berpotensi sebagai senyawa antioksidan dan antibakteri. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH. Sedangkan pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Daya penghambatannya terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Bacillus subtilis menggunakan esktrak polifenol dari variasi ukuran partikel (16 mesh, 25 mesh, 35 mesh) yaitu sebanyak 0 ppm, 25000 ppm, 50000 ppm, 75000 ppm, 100000 ppm dan dilakukan secara triplo. Setelah itu diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37°C dan diamati daya penghambatan terhadap bakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi ekstrak polifenol dan semakin kecil ukuran saringan bubuk biji kakao, menghasilkan luasan diameter daerah hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri yang semakin besar. Kata kunci: Polifenol; Kakao; Escherichia coli; Bacillus subtilis How to citate: Kusuma YTC, S Suwasono, S Yuwanti. 2013. Pemanfaatan biji kakao inferior campuran sebagai sumber antioksidan dan antibakteri. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 1(2): 33-37.
PENGARUH KETERSEDIAAN OKSIGEN PADA PRODUKSI EPIGLUKAN OLEH Epicoccum nigrum MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA MOLASES Miftahul Choiron; Jayus Jayus; Sony Suwasono
AGROINTEK Vol 7, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v7i1.2045

Abstract

The compound β-glucan is a polymer of glucose, which is polymerized through betaglycoside bond. The compound β-glucan has anti-tumor benefits, reducing the risk of heartdisease, lowering cholesterol and so forth. The compound β-glucan can be produced by thefungus in ukstraseluler. One of the molds that can produce compounds in the extracellular β-glucan is Epicoccum nigrum, often called epiglucan. The purpose of this study was to determinethe effect of aeration and oxygenation to the production epiglukan by Epicoccum nigrum inmolasses media. This research was conducted using descriptive method with 3 under controlledconditions : anaerobic, aeration and oxygenation in the Stired Continuous Tank Reactor (batchculture). The parameters observed were the biomass (g / L), epiglucan (g/L), reducing sugarcontent (%) and pellet diameter are formed. Biomass and highest epiglikan obtained inoxygenated conditions which amounted to 7.074 g / L and 2.01 g / L. The resulting biomasspellet-shaped with the largest diameter occurs in conditions of oxygenation that is 0.37 mm.residual reducing sugar at the end of fermentation the greatest there is in the anaerobiccondition is 1.529%
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT INDIGENOUS DARI FERMENTASI ALAMI BIJI KAKAO SEBAGAI KANDIDAT AGEN ANTIKAPANG Nurul Isnaini Fitriyana; Sony Suwasono; Joni Kusnadi
AGROINTEK Vol 9, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Agroindustrial Technology, University of Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrointek.v9i1.2122

Abstract

This research have focused on isolation and identification of lactic acidbacteria (LAB) with potential antifungal which candidate as biopreservativemicroorganisms. LAB produce bioactive compound with antifungal activity. Thus, of atotal of 69 lactic acid bacteria isolated and 39 isolates further tested its antifungalactivity. Indigenous moulds that will be tested for antifungal activity of LAB wereobtained from unfermented cocoa beans. There were black mould (allegedly Aspergillusniger), green mould (allegedly Aspergillus fumigatus) and grayish white mold (allegedly Mucorspp.). Thus, 18 isolates of LAB that could inhibit all of three types of fungi further identified in aphenotype, 3 isolates of LAB with highest antifungal activity in identification with API 50 CHLmethod and identified as Lactobacillus fermentum, with a different value of ID value, ID99,8% (F1L-6an) criteria : very good identification; ID 99.9% (F1L-6dsr), criteria : verygood identification , and ID 89.8% (F3L-7P) criteria : very good identification to the genus .LAB isolates obtained can be used as starter cultures to improve the quality offermentation to inhibit the growth of mould, mycotoxin production, and fungicideresidues so as to improve quality, safety of cocoa concumption, and increase the priceof Indonesian cocoa bean exports.
Perbandingan Cara Pengolahan Kakao Lindak (Bulk Cocoa) pada Perkebunan Besar Negara dan Perkebunan Swasta di Glenmore, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur Sayi Hatiningsih; Dewa Gde Mayun Permana; Sony Suwasono
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan (ITEPA) Vol 9 No 2 (2020): Jurnal ITEPA
Publisher : Department of Food Science and Technology Study Program, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/itepa.2020.v09.i02.p13

Abstract

The excellent quality of the cocoa beans is closely related to the processing of cocoa beans. This study aimed to compare the processing of bulk cocoa on the government estate and the private estate on Glenmore, Banyuwangi, East Java. The method use observation, interviews, and literature study to record relevant information, then analyzed with descriptive and qualitative analysis. The result showed that the government estate and the private estate on Glenmore, Banyuwangi, East Java did pay attention to the quality of cocoa beans because of the processing methods of cocoa beans of that two cocoa estates had been good, especially with the fermentation of cocoa beans. The processing of cocoa beans on the government estate on Glenmore, Banyuwangi, East Java comprises receiving raw materials, fermentation, washing or rinsing, drying, tempering, sorting, packaging, and storing. The processing of cocoa beans on the private estate on Glenmore, Banyuwangi, East Java comprises receiving raw materials, pressing, fermentation, drying, sorting, packaging, and storing. Keywords: processing of cocoa beans, Glenmore estate, fermentation.
KOPI KAYU MANIS CELUP DENGAN VARIASI TINGKAT PENYANGRAIAN KOPI DAN KONSENTRASI BUBUK KAYU MANIS Lailatul Nichmah; Sih Yuwanti; Sony Suwasono
Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian Vol 2 No 2 (2019): MEI
Publisher : Jember University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bip.v2i2.16168

Abstract

ABSTRACT Coffee powder as one of the processed products of the roasting coffee had a weakness that was giving a waste of brewing dreg. One of the efforts which could be done to reduce the brewing dreg was by making the dip coffee. Besides the dip coffee, the herbal coffee products such as the cinnamon was one of the diversification products of the processed coffee to obtain a new aroma and flavour and to obtain the healthy effect. This research aimed to know the dip cinnamon coffee characteristics by the roasting coffee difference level, the cinnamon powder concentration, and the treatment which resulted a good dip cinnamon coffee on its physical, chemical and organoleptic characteristics. This research used the Completely Randomized Design which consisted two factors; they were the roasting coffee level (light, medium, dark) and the cinnamon powder concentration (2%, 4%, 6%). Each treatment was used 3 repetitions. The physical and chemical characteristics test and the organoleptic preference were done on the dip cinnamon coffee product. The gained data of this research was calculated and analyzed using ANOVA and descriptive which were described in histogram. The research result showed that the best treatment from the chosen affectivity test result was the dark roasting coffee by 2% of the cinnamon powder concentration which resulted 26.13 of the lightness steeping value, 0.60% of sari content, 34.46 mg GAE/gram of the polyphenol total, 70.34% of antioxidant activity, color preference 7.08 (more prefer), aroma preference 7.04 (more prefer), taste preference 6.56 (less prefer), and whole preference 7 (more prefer).Keywords: Dip coffee; Cinnamon; Roasting level ABSTRAK Kopi bubuk sebagai hasil olahan kopi sangrai memiliki kelemahan yaitu masih meninggalkan ampas hasil penyeduhan. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi ampas hasil penyeduhan diantaranya dengan pembuatan kopi celup. Selain kopi celup, produk kopi herbal seperti penggunaan kayu manis juga merupakan salah satu diversifikasi produk olahan kopi untuk memperoleh aroma dan cita rasa baru serta memperoleh efek kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat-sifat kopi kayu manis celup dengan perbedaan tingkat penyangraian kopi dan konsentrasi bubuk kayu manis serta perlakuan yang menghasilkan kopi kayu manis celup dengan sifat fisik, kimia, dan organoleptik yang baik. Penelitian ini dirancang denganmenggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu tingkat penyangraian kopi (light, medium, dark) dan konsentrasi bubuk kayu manis (2%, 4%, 6%). Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Pengujian karakteristik fisik dan kimia serta kesukaan organoleptik dilakukan terhadap produk kopi kayu manis celup. Data yang didapat dari hasil pengamatan diolah dan dianalisis secara ANOVA dan Deskriptif yang digambarkan dengan histogram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik dari hasil uji efektivitas yang terpilih adalah perlakuan penyangraian kopi dark dengan konsentrasi bubuk kayu manis 2% yang menghasilkan nilai lightness seduhan 26,13, kadar sari 0,60%, total polifenol 34,46 mg GAE/gram, aktivitas antioksidan 70,34%, kesukaan warna 7,08 (agak suka), kesukaan aroma 7,04 (agak suka), kesukaan rasa 6,56 (sedikit suka), dan kesukaan keseluruhan 7 (agak suka).Kata Kunci: kopi celup, kayu manis, tingkat penyangraian
PEMANFAATAN BIJI KAKAO INFERIOR CAMPURAN SEBAGAI SUMBER ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIBAKTERI Yulianto Tri Chandra Kusuma; Sony Suwasono; Sih Yuwanti
Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian Vol 1 No 2 (2013): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Jember University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

[ENGLISH] There are about 30% of cocoa beans still classified as inferior or low quality beans due to diseases. Low-quality cocoa beans can be used as the source of polyphenolic substances. The purpose of this study was to determine the potency of inferior cocoa beans with various particle sizes as raw materials for polyphenol extraction, and the use of polyphenol-rich cocoa extracts as antioxidant and antibacterial substances. The research was conducted in two stages, namely preliminary research and primary research. This preliminary study aimed to obtain polyphenol-rich cocoa bean extract and to examine antioxidant activity using DPPH method. The next research was to conduct antibacterial test against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis using well diffusion method treated using polyphenols of each type of various particle size (16 mesh, 25 mesh, 35 mesh) with concentrations of 0 ppm, 25.000 ppm, 50.000 ppm, 75.000 ppm, 100.000 ppm. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and the inhibition power against bacteria was observed. The results showed that the greater the concentration of polyphenol extracts and the smaller size of the filter powder cocoa resulted in the increase of bacterial growth inhibition area. Keywords: Polyphenol; Cocoa beans; Escherichia coli; Bacillus subtilis [INDONESIAN] Biji kakao inferior merupakan biji buah kakao bermutu rendah karena terserang penyakit dan belum termanfaatkan secara maksimal. Biji kakao berkualitas rendah dapat dimanfaatkan dengan cara mengekstrak kandungan polifenolnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui potensi ekstrak polifenol biji kakao inferior dengan variasi ukuran partikel sebagai bahan yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu penelitian pendahuluan dan penelitian utama. Penelitian pendahuluan bertujuan untuk memperoleh esktrak polifenol dari biji kakao inferior campuran yang terserang penyakit. Esktrak polifenol hasil penelitian pendahuluan berpotensi sebagai senyawa antioksidan dan antibakteri. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH. Sedangkan pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Daya penghambatannya terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Bacillus subtilis menggunakan esktrak polifenol dari variasi ukuran partikel (16 mesh, 25 mesh, 35 mesh) yaitu sebanyak 0 ppm, 25000 ppm, 50000 ppm, 75000 ppm, 100000 ppm dan dilakukan secara triplo. Setelah itu diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37°C dan diamati daya penghambatan terhadap bakteri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi ekstrak polifenol dan semakin kecil ukuran saringan bubuk biji kakao, menghasilkan luasan diameter daerah hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri yang semakin besar. Kata kunci: Polifenol; Kakao; Escherichia coli; Bacillus subtilis How to citate: Kusuma YTC, S Suwasono, S Yuwanti. 2013. Pemanfaatan biji kakao inferior campuran sebagai sumber antioksidan dan antibakteri. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 1(2): 33-37.
PERAMALAN JUMLAH PERMINTAAN UDANG BEKU PND MENGGUNAKAN METODE JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN (JST) BACKPROPAGATION Iid Mufidah; Sony Suwasono; Yuli Wibowo; Deddy Wirawan Soedibyo
JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Vol 11 No 01 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (296.957 KB) | DOI: 10.19184/j-agt.v11i1.5438

Abstract

Forecasting is the art or science to estimate how many needs will come in order to meet the demand for goods or services, often based on historical time series data. The growing number of emerging companies in Indonesia today has created a very tight business competition in both services and products. Consumers choose the best service and high quality and low price. Consumer demand is always uncertain or varied in each subsequent period. The aim of this research was to determind the best backpropagation neural network architecture design and to predict the demand of frozen product of PND 26/30. This research used the method of Neural Network (ANN) and Processing ANN using MATLAB software. Implementation of ANN method in PT.XYZ using Backpropagation algorithm. Artificial neural network architecture used was 12 input layer, 1 output layer, and 12 hidden layer and activation function used tansig and purelin. Tansig for hidden layer and purelin for output layer. The best artificial neural network architecture design for product demand for PND 31/40 was a multi layer feedforward value of Mean Square Error (MSE) network training value of 0.01 with MAPE 3.35. The result of JST forecasting period 2017 were 960 MC, 637 MC, 572 MC, 993 MC, 1386 MC, 480 MC, 135 MC, 1209 MC, 1476 MC, 1029 MC, 290 MC, and 952 MC. Keywords: artificial neural network, PND 26/30, backpropagation, MSE, MAPE
AKTIVITAS ANTITUMOR DAN PREBIOTIK SENYAWA TURUNAN EPIGLUKAN: (13),(16)--GLUKAN EKSTRASELLULER DARI Epicoccum nigrum EHRENB. EX SCHLECHT Jay Jayus; Nuriman Nuriman; Sony Suwasono
JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Vol 5 No 01 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Extracellular epiglucan produced by Epicoccum nigrum has been examined by in vitro analysis to show its potency as an antitumor substance against leucemia cell. The aims of this study were to ditermine the LC50 value and prebiotic activities of native and derivated epiglucan. The epiglucan was modified by sulfation and carboxymethilation methods. The result showed that LC50 of native epiglucan occur at concentration of 22 g/ml. This substance was chemically modified through sulfation and charboxymethilation process in order to increase its antitumor activity. Based on the value of LC50, the sulfated and carboxymethylated epiglucan have higher activity against leucemia cell compare to that of unmodified epiglucan. The LC50 value of suphated epiglucan is 14 µg/L, while the carboxymethylated one is 13 µg/L. Prebiotic activities of both sulfated and carboxymethylated epiglucan were also higher compare to the unmodified glucan since these two derivatives are able to elevate the growth rate of probiotic microorganism such as Lactobacillus casei, L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus. Keywords: antitumor, extracellular epiglucan, Epicoccum nigrum, charboxymethilation, sulfation
PRODUKSI BIOETANOL SECARA SHF DAN SSF MENGGUNAKAN Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride DAN New Aule Instant Dry Yeast PADA MEDIA KULIT UBI KAYU Jay Jayus; Sony Suwasono; Ike Wijayanti
JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Vol 11 No 01 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (254.698 KB) | DOI: 10.19184/j-agt.v11i1.5448

Abstract

Effort to improve the yield of bioetanol production from cassava peels were be carried out by separated hydrolysis fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride and New Aule Instant Dry Yeast. The purpose of this research is to measure bioetanol production from cassava peels using three different culture methods i.e SHF1 (A. niger 24 hours +New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); SHF2 (T. viride 24 hours+New Aule Instant Dry Yeast); and SSF (A. niger + T. viride + New Aule Instant Dry Yeast). The research results showed SHF1 (2,58 g/l) produced higher ethanol than that of SHF2 (2,15). The methods of SSF eficiency produced ethanol (2,93 g/l) and faster (18 hours) compared the methods of SHF1 and SHF2 which need 48 hours incubation time to reach maximum level. Keywords: bioethanol, cassava peels, SHF, SSF, A.niger, T.viride, new aule instant dry yeast
EFEK KONDISI PERTUMBUHAN TERHADAP PRODUKSI -GLUKAN OLEH EPICOCCUM NIGRUM SECARA KULTUR BATCH DALAM CONTINUOUSLY STIRRED TANK REACTOR (CSTR) . Jayus; Sony Suwasono; . Giyarto
JURNAL AGROTEKNOLOGI Vol 1 No 02 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Agricultural Technology, University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Batch culture fermentation in CSTR system was operated under different agitation speeds and aeration rates in attempt to optimize production of -glucan from Epicoccum nigrum. It was found that its production was influenced by both of the agitation speed and aeration rate. However, the yields obtained were lower compared to that in shake flask culture, indicating that E. nigrum is sensitive to agitation speed and aeration rate. Keywords: E. nigrum, -glucan, batch culture fermentation in CSTR