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Analysis of Management of Legal Consequences of Service Provider Default on Project Delays: A Legal Study and Relational Approach to Dispute Prevention Setijanto, Augustinus; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
IJEBD (International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Development) Vol 8 No 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : LPPM of NAROTAMA UNIVERSITY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29138/ijebd.v8i6.3470

Abstract

Delays in construction work execution represent one of the most common forms of default that trigger disputes between employers and contractors. Within Indonesia’s civil law framework, such default entails legal consequences including delay penalties, compensation, contract termination, and enforcement of performance bonds. This study examines these legal implications under the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), Law No. 2 of 2017 on Construction Services, and several Supreme Court decisions with permanent legal force namely Decisions No. 294 PK/Pdt/2014, No. 3053 K/Pdt/2011, and No. 60 K/Pdt/2020. The research adopts a normative juridical approach supported by secondary data from literature review and judicial case analysis. It also proposes a dispute-prevention hypothesis founded on effective communication through guanxi, dynamic relationship, and personal approach, aimed at reinforcing loyalty and preventing conflict. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s positive legal system remains sanction-oriented and emphasizes legal certainty, whereas sustainable dispute prevention requires a paradigm grounded in relational trust. Integrating relational approaches into construction contract practice may establish equilibrium between legal certainty and substantive justice.
The Efectiveness of Arbitration Mechanisms in The Resolution Of Construction Disputes In Indonesia: A Critical Analysis of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration And Alternative Dispute Resolution Pakpahan, Alfredo; Saragih, Hidbar Roberta; Wisatrioda, Bayu; Laia, Kharisman; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2619

Abstract

Disputes in construction projects often arise from divergent interpretations of contracts, delays in execution, and the complex dynamics of scope changes. Within this context, arbitration has long been regarded as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism that promises efficiency, fairness, and confidentiality outside the court system. However, more than two decades after the enactment of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, its effectiveness in the construction sector remains subject to debate and scrutiny. This study critically examines the effectiveness of arbitration in resolving construction disputes under the legal framework established by Law No. 30 of 1999. Using a normative juridical approach, it reviews statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and field practices, complemented by interviews with legal practitioners and construction arbitrators. The findings reveal that while arbitration offers advantages in terms of confidentiality, procedural flexibility, and finality of decisions, its practical effectiveness is often constrained by high procedural costs, limited contractual understanding among parties, and challenges in enforcing arbitral awards through the courts. Furthermore, the substance of Law No. 30 of 1999 appears insufficiently adaptive to the technical and multidimensional nature of modern construction disputes. This research therefore recommends revising and modernizing the law particularly by strengthening the enforceability of arbitral awards, standardizing arbitration institutions, and enhancing the competence of human resources in construction law. Ultimately, arbitration should evolve as a mechanism not only for efficient dispute resolution but also for upholding justice, legal certainty, and professional integrity in Indonesia’s construction sector.
The Legal Consequences of Abuse of Power in the Implementation of Development Projects Aulia, Zuvika Alfi; Samian, Samian; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities Vol 8, No 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jr.v8i4.50710

Abstract

Legally, the issue of abuse of authority in development is an act that can be prosecuted under two legal frameworks, namely State Administrative Law and Criminal Law. This article analyzes the legal framework and implications of abuse of authority by government officials, with a focus on national strategic projects and the procurement of goods and services. Through normative legal research methods, this study concludes that the Government Administration Law brings a new paradigm by establishing administrative sanctions as the first resort, while criminal sanctions are placed as the last resort. Based on the lex posterior principle, the primary authority to examine the existence of abuse of authority lies with the Administrative Court. Furthermore, the findings prove that officials who unlawfully abuse their authority, causing financial losses to the state, are required to take personal responsibility for the payment of compensation. Although this legal framework aims to provide certainty and prevent the criminalization of policies, its implementation in national strategic projects has drawn criticism for potentially weakening efforts to eradicate corruption. As an implementative measure, this study recommends harmonizing perceptions, developing clear technical guidelines, and improving coordination between APIP, PTUN, and law enforcement agencies. This synergy is expected to ensure the realization of accountability.
Tinjauan Yuridis Aspek Hukum Pidana dalam Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah Untuk Menjamin Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi Pengelolaan Keuangan Negara Azhari, Boby Ali; Samian, Samian; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7440

Abstract

Public procurement in Indonesia plays a pivotal role in supporting national development. However, this sector remains susceptible to abuse of authority and corrupt practices that result in significant state financial losses. This research aims to analyze the application of criminal law and other relevant legal aspects in addressing irregularities within the procurement of goods and services. The methodology employed is normative legal research, utilizing a normative-juridical approach to examine prevailing laws and regulations. Furthermore, this study examines criminal elements that are prone to occur throughout various stages of public procurement, which currently utilizes an electronic procurement system as a solution to enhance transparency and efficiency. The research findings indicate that although electronic procurement systems improve accountability and transparency, challenges regarding infrastructure and human resource capacity remain primary obstacles to implementation. Criminal law aspects represent the most vulnerable legal dimension in public procurement; nevertheless, other legal aspects, such as administrative and civil law, cannot be disregarded. Ideally, the principle of ultimum remedium should be applied in circumstances where administrative or civil errors occur in the absence of malicious intent (mens rea). This study concludes that concerted efforts are required to strengthen the existing legal system, enhance the integrity of procurement officials, and involve the public in oversight processes. Through these measures, public procurement can operate more efficiently, remain free from corruption, and provide maximum benefits for national development.
Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik dalam Menjamin Profesionalitas Konsultan Desain pada Kontrak Konstruksi Design & Build di Indonesia Pakpahan, Petra Firman; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Aditya, Agung
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7441

Abstract

The Design & Build (DB) procurement model reshapes the legal structure of construction contracts by consolidating the responsibility for both design and construction under a single entity, the DB contractor. Within this structure, design consultants operate under the contractor’s authority and have no direct contractual relationship with the owner, creating potential conflicts of interest that may compromise professional independence. This normative legal research examines how the principle of good faith and the statutory principle of professionalism can be employed to interpret and regulate the obligations of DB contractors and their design consultants, particularly in ensuring the integrity and reliability of design outcomes. Using a statute-based and conceptual approach, this study analyses the Indonesian Civil Code, Law No. 2 of 2017 on Construction Services, and doctrinal writings on contract law and construction law, alongside academic literature on DB performance. The findings reveal that good faith functions as an interpretive, supplementary, and corrective principle in contractual relationships, and can therefore serve as a normative foundation to prevent undue interference by contractors in design decisions. Furthermore, the principle of professionalism requires design consultants to uphold technical standards and ethical responsibilities, even when positioned hierarchically under the contractor. The study concludes that the integration of good faith and professionalism offers an effective normative mechanism to strengthen accountability in DB projects, protect the owner’s interests, and fill the contractual gap arising from the absence of privity between the owner and the design consultant.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Kontrak Konstruksi Internasional Melalui Arbitrase ICSID Sudarsono, Sudarsono; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an; Kunantiyorini, Anik
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7442

Abstract

This study aims to examine the settlement of investment disputes between the government and foreign investors through the ICSID institution and the mechanism for implementing its decisions in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a regulatory approach and a conceptual approach. ICSID (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes) is based on an international agreement that establishes an autonomous and independent system for the settlement of foreign investment disputes. The ICSID's performance does not serve as a mediator that reconciles the parties; rather, it provides an institutional and procedural framework for independent conciliation commissions and arbitration tribunals set up specifically for each dispute case. In this case, ICSID only provides dispute resolution facilities based on two sets of procedural rules, namely the provisions of the ICSID Convention along with the ICSID Regulations/Rules, as well as the ICSID Additional Facilities Rules. Furthermore, the implementation of ICSID institutional decisions in Indonesia refers to Law No. 30 of 1999 which stipulates that the authority to recognize and implement international arbitral awards lies with the Central Jakarta District Court, with a procedure that must be preceded by an application from the party concerned.
Perbandingan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak Antara Kontrak Pemerintah dan Kontrak Swasta Suryani, Sandra; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v5i1.7459

Abstract

The principle of freedom of contract is a fundamental principle in contract law which gives parties the authority to determine whether they will make an agreement, with whom the agreement is made, as well as the content and form of the agreement. This principle is rooted in the idea of ??autonomy of will which places contracts as the result of free agreement between the parties. However, in practice, the principle of freedom of contract is not applied uniformly to all types of contracts. Differences in the character of the parties, the purpose of the contract, and the interests protected by law cause variations in restrictions on freedom of contract, especially between government contracts and private contracts. Government contracts, even though they are in the form of agreements, cannot be separated from the state's function as organizer of public interests, so that freedom of contract in them experiences stricter restrictions. On the other hand, private contracts provide a wider space for freedom, although in practice they still face limitations due to the unequal bargaining positions of the parties. This research aims to analyze the concept of the principle of freedom of contract and compare its application in government contracts and private contracts in order to assess the relevance and legitimacy of this principle in modern contractual practice.
Kewenangan Konstitusional Pemerintah dalam Pelaksanaan Proyek Strategis Nasional Hadamean, Join; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an; Noor, Ganis Vitayanty
Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 12 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/japendi.v6i12.9065

Abstract

PSN merupakan instrumen percepatan pembangunan yang diatur melalui berbagai regulasi, termasuk UUD 1945, UU Pemerintahan Daerah, serta Peraturan Presiden tentang PSN. Namun, perlu ditinjau sejauh mana kewenangan konstitusional pemerintah dapat digunakan tanpa melampaui prinsip checks and balances. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kewenangan konstitusional Pemerintah dalam pelaksanaan Proyek Strategis Nasional (PSN) dengan meninjau dasar hukum, cakupan kewenangan eksekutif, serta implikasinya terhadap tata kelola pembangunan nasional. Penelitian menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan melalui analisis konstitusi, peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, serta literatur akademik terkait kewenangan eksekutif dan hukum administrasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah memiliki legitimasi konstitusional untuk menjalankan PSN berdasarkan fungsi eksekutif dan mandat pembangunan nasional. Namun, kewenangan tersebut dibatasi oleh prinsip otonomi daerah, akuntabilitas publik, dan pengawasan yudisial. Pelaksanaan PSN efektif ketika didukung koordinasi lintas lembaga dan penegakan prinsip good governance. Namun, potensi konflik kewenangan, sentralisasi keputusan, dan kurangnya partisipasi publik dapat menimbulkan persoalan implementatif. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya harmonisasi kewenangan pusat-daerah, transparansi prosedural, serta penguatan mekanisme pengawasan agar pelaksanaan PSN tetap sejalan dengan prinsip negara hukum.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pekerja Subkontrak dalam Proyek Konstruksi di Indonesia: Analisis Kritis Terhadap Accountability Gap dan Rekomendasi Penataan Ulang Tanggung Jawab Kontraktor Utama Syafi'udin, Achmad; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Noor, Ganis Vitayanty
Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 12 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/japendi.v6i12.9232

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji secara mendalam celah perlindungan hukum (accountability gap) yang dialami pekerja subkontrak dalam proyek konstruksi di Indonesia, khususnya akibat lemahnya pertanggungjawaban kontraktor utama terhadap pemenuhan hak-hak normatif pekerja. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, penelitian ini menganalisis ketidakselarasan pengaturan antara Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 tentang Jasa Konstruksi dan Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, yang dalam praktiknya membuka ruang bagi kontraktor utama untuk melepaskan tanggung jawab hukum atas upah, keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3), serta jaminan sosial pekerja subkontrak. Kondisi ini menjadi semakin krusial mengingat sektor konstruksi tercatat menyumbang sekitar 32% dari total kecelakaan kerja nasional, dengan ribuan kasus terjadi setiap tahun dan sebagian besar melibatkan pekerja dengan status hubungan kerja tidak langsung. Studi kasus kegagalan PT Istaka Karya (Persero) menunjukkan dampak sistemik dari accountability gap tersebut, berupa tunggakan upah yang berkepanjangan, kerugian finansial massal bagi subkontraktor, serta penderitaan berantai yang dialami pekerja dan keluarganya. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kerangka hukum yang ada masih bersifat formalistik dan belum responsif terhadap karakter hubungan kerja triangular dalam industri konstruksi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan prinsip tanggung jawab solidaritas (solidary liability) kontraktor utama melalui amandemen Undang-Undang Jasa Konstruksi, integrasi basis data ketenagakerjaan lintas sektor, serta pembentukan mekanisme retensi khusus untuk perlindungan pekerja, guna mendorong pergeseran paradigma dari perlindungan administratif menuju perlindungan substantif yang berkeadilan.
Sengketa Perdata Atas Ketidaksesuaian Barang dalam Proyek Pengadaan Pemerintah: Analisis Yuridis dan Studi Kasus V, Divo Septyo; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 12 (2025): Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/japendi.v6i12.9272

Abstract

Ketidaksesuaian spesifikasi barang (non-conformity) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya sengketa dalam pelaksanaan kontrak Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah, khususnya karena adanya ketidakpastian dalam menentukan apakah penyimpangan tersebut termasuk ranah wanprestasi perdata atau justru dikualifikasikan sebagai tindak pidana korupsi. Kondisi ini kerap menimbulkan keraguan bagi aparat pengadaan dan penegak hukum dalam mengambil langkah hukum yang proporsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik hubungan hukum kontraktual antara pemerintah dan penyedia setelah kontrak ditandatangani, serta mengkaji mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa akibat ketidaksesuaian spesifikasi barang melalui studi kasus putusan pengadilan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan untuk menelaah kerangka regulasi pengadaan dan pendekatan kasus (case approach) terhadap putusan pengadilan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah kontrak efektif berlaku, hubungan hukum antara Pejabat Pembuat Komitmen (PPK) dan Penyedia merupakan hubungan perdata yang bersifat setara, sehingga ketidaksesuaian spesifikasi barang pada prinsipnya dikualifikasikan sebagai wanprestasi. Analisis terhadap putusan Mahkamah Agung menunjukkan kecenderungan hakim menerapkan prinsip keadilan substantif, yaitu apabila barang tetap dimanfaatkan oleh negara meskipun terdapat deviasi spesifikasi yang bersifat minor, maka pemerintah tetap berkewajiban melakukan pembayaran dengan penyesuaian harga, bukan melakukan pembatalan kontrak sepihak yang berpotensi merugikan penyedia secara tidak proporsional.
Co-Authors A. F, M. Dhika Adhitya Ade Nurmala Ade Nurmala, Ade ADI SAPUTRO Agung Aditya Ahmad Migdad Alaydrus Akas, Martika Setyo Amalia Khusnawati, Atik Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Anggi Raditya Anik Kunantiyorini Anondho, Basuki Anrizal, Anrizal Aprianto . Arfiansyah, Fathir Arief, Ediyanto Arjon, Arjon Asep Rachmatullah Aulia, Zuvika Alfi Azhari, Boby Ali Baharuddin, Ifdal Baroroh, Eric Conshita Hubertha Dhiu Deka Yudhit Maristyo P. Dwi Edi Wibowo Dwian Prakoso, Angga Edi, Dwi Efendy, Prasetyo Elfriandi, Elfriandi Erik Winada Fransiska, Era Galih Adya Taurano Ganis Vitayanty Noor Hadamean, Join Hari Anggeriksari Helmi Umar Ambadar Hendrik Sulistio Hendrik Sulistio Hendrik Sulistio Heni Kustiah Imanto, Yuwono Indahwati, Amaliyah Noor Irdayani Irdayani Jamhari Jamhari Jo Johnson Junaedi Junaedi Kadiyono, Kadiyono Kenny Kapuasiana Khairul Imam Koespiadi Kusumastuti, Purnaning Siwi Kuswijanarko, Anjar Laia, Kharisman Lapasau, Ronald Lessy, Achmad Syabril Loso loso Lutfi Mustakim M. Agung Wibowo Malinda, Yosie Marlia Dyah Salindri Hardjito Mawardi Amin Mega Maharani Hutahaean Mega Waty Mudri Mudri Muhammad Reza Aditya Ready Niniek Lannyati Nuris Wahyudi Nurul Listanto Pakpahan, Alfredo Pakpahan, Petra Firman Pasaribu, David Mangara Putra Hidayat PUTU IKA WAHYUNI Rahayu Subekti Rahmiko, Eko Roni Febrianto Rudy Nugroho S.Sami'an Sami'an Sami'an, Sami'an Samian Sami’an Sami’an, S. Sami’an, Sami’an Sandi Andika Surya Putra Saragih, Hidbar Roberta Sebastian, Reza Rafly Setijanto, Augustinus Shanti Astri Noviani Simanjuntak, Indra Jadi Siti Kautsariyah Sitompul, Wesleyzon Sriyono D. Siswoyo Sudarsono Sumantri, Mahfiar Fajar Akbar Sungkara, Fajar Suryani, Sandra Sutikno Sutikno Suwandi Suwandi Suyono Dikun Syafi'udin, Achmad Syafrie, Hambali Syafrijon Triwijaya, Helmy Yulian V, Divo Septyo Wesleyzon Sitompul Wibowo, Singgar Mataniari Wicaksono, Ario Widiatmoko, Ndaru Seto Widya Pramana, Agus Pawitra Winada, Erik Winata, Eduardus Gerald Wiraantaka, Jaka Adiprasetya Wisatrioda, Bayu Wisnuaji, Haryo Yanti Yanti Yanuar, Riko Yulistiawati, Wina