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All Journal Paduraksa : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa Jurnal Konstruksia Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil JATI UNIK : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik dan Manajemen Industri Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia IJEBD (International Journal Of Entrepreneurship And Business Development) Astonjadro Jurnal Teknologi Energi Jurnal Muara Sains, Teknologi, Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan SIGn Jurnal Hukum Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Al Qisthas : Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Indonesian Journal of Business Analytics (IJBA) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (JIHHP) SIGn Journal of Social Science Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities International Journal of Law, Policy and Governance Rekayasa : Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Teknik Universitas Lampung
Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
Universitas Mercu Buana
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences Transportation Other

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The Efectiveness of Arbitration Mechanisms in The Resolution Of Construction Disputes In Indonesia: A Critical Analysis of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration And Alternative Dispute Resolution Pakpahan, Alfredo; Saragih, Hidbar Roberta; Wisatrioda, Bayu; Laia, Kharisman; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i1.2619

Abstract

Disputes in construction projects often arise from divergent interpretations of contracts, delays in execution, and the complex dynamics of scope changes. Within this context, arbitration has long been regarded as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism that promises efficiency, fairness, and confidentiality outside the court system. However, more than two decades after the enactment of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, its effectiveness in the construction sector remains subject to debate and scrutiny. This study critically examines the effectiveness of arbitration in resolving construction disputes under the legal framework established by Law No. 30 of 1999. Using a normative juridical approach, it reviews statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and field practices, complemented by interviews with legal practitioners and construction arbitrators. The findings reveal that while arbitration offers advantages in terms of confidentiality, procedural flexibility, and finality of decisions, its practical effectiveness is often constrained by high procedural costs, limited contractual understanding among parties, and challenges in enforcing arbitral awards through the courts. Furthermore, the substance of Law No. 30 of 1999 appears insufficiently adaptive to the technical and multidimensional nature of modern construction disputes. This research therefore recommends revising and modernizing the law particularly by strengthening the enforceability of arbitral awards, standardizing arbitration institutions, and enhancing the competence of human resources in construction law. Ultimately, arbitration should evolve as a mechanism not only for efficient dispute resolution but also for upholding justice, legal certainty, and professional integrity in Indonesia’s construction sector.
The Legal Consequences of Abuse of Power in the Implementation of Development Projects Aulia, Zuvika Alfi; Samian, Samian; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities Vol 8, No 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jr.v8i4.50710

Abstract

Legally, the issue of abuse of authority in development is an act that can be prosecuted under two legal frameworks, namely State Administrative Law and Criminal Law. This article analyzes the legal framework and implications of abuse of authority by government officials, with a focus on national strategic projects and the procurement of goods and services. Through normative legal research methods, this study concludes that the Government Administration Law brings a new paradigm by establishing administrative sanctions as the first resort, while criminal sanctions are placed as the last resort. Based on the lex posterior principle, the primary authority to examine the existence of abuse of authority lies with the Administrative Court. Furthermore, the findings prove that officials who unlawfully abuse their authority, causing financial losses to the state, are required to take personal responsibility for the payment of compensation. Although this legal framework aims to provide certainty and prevent the criminalization of policies, its implementation in national strategic projects has drawn criticism for potentially weakening efforts to eradicate corruption. As an implementative measure, this study recommends harmonizing perceptions, developing clear technical guidelines, and improving coordination between APIP, PTUN, and law enforcement agencies. This synergy is expected to ensure the realization of accountability.
Pertanggungjawaban Etik Arbiter dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kekuatan Putusan Arbitrase di Indonesia Yanti, Yanti; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, Sami’an
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v11i1.62889

Abstract

Arbitrase merupakan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang banyak dipilih karena dinilai efisien, rahasia, dan mampu memberikan kepastian hukum bagi pelaku usaha. Namun, efektivitas arbitrase sangat ditentukan oleh integritas arbiter sebagai penegak keadilan di luar pengadilan. Pelanggaran etik seperti conflict of interest dan keberpihakan arbiter dapat merusak legitimasi putusan dan kepercayaan terhadap arbitrase sebagai lembaga penyelesaian sengketa. Penelitian ini mengkaji pertanggungjawaban etik arbiter serta implikasinya terhadap kekuatan hukum putusan arbitrase dengan studi pada Putusan Mahkamah Agung No. 665 B/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2024, yang membuktikan adanya hubungan profesional antara arbiter dan salah satu pihak berperkara. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus untuk menilai konsekuensi hukum yang ditimbulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelanggaran etik oleh arbiter merupakan cacat hukum substantif yang dapat menjadi dasar pembatalan putusan arbitrase. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya integritas arbiter, penerapan prinsip imparsialitas, serta penguatan mekanisme kode etik dan pengawasan terhadap arbiter guna memastikan tercapainya keadilan substantif dan menjaga legitimasi arbitrase dalam sistem hukum Indonesia.
Penerapan Prinsip Hukum Internasional dan Urgensi Pemahaman English Law dalam Proyek Infrastruktur Antar Negara (Studi Normatif atas Proyek Konstruksi Berbasis Pembiayaan Asian Development Bank) Yulistiawati, Wina; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v11i1.63572

Abstract

Cross-border infrastructure projects involve complex interactions between domestic legal systems, public international law, and transnational contractual frameworks. Such projects are commonly financed by multilateral development banks and implemented under international standard contracts, particularly FIDIC, which in practice are frequently governed or interpreted through English law principles. This article examines the application of international legal principles in cross-border infrastructure projects and analyzes the critical importance of English law literacy for public authorities and contractors originating from civil law jurisdictions. Using a normative juridical method with conceptual and comparative law approaches, this study demonstrates that the dominance of English law in FIDIC-based contracts and international dispute resolution mechanisms makes compliance with procedural doctrines—such as condition precedent, strict notice requirements, and the prevention principle—decisive for the success of contractual claims and risk management. Focusing on the normative framework of construction projects financed by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the study concludes that a sound understanding of English law is not merely complementary but constitutes a strategic legal necessity for ensuring legal certainty, equitable risk allocation, and effective dispute resolution in cross-border infrastructure development.
Kontrak Konstruksi Pemerintah Sebagai Relasi Kuasa : Analisis Sosio-Legal Terhadap Dominasi Owner dan Alokasi Resiko Arfiansyah, Fathir; Sami’an, Sami’an; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v11i1.63597

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan kontraktual antara owner dan kontraktor dalam proyek konstruksi pemerintah dan BUMN di Indonesia yang menunjukkan ketidakseimbangan kekuatan, yang tidak hanya disebabkan oleh kesepakatan para pihak, tetapi juga oleh struktur regulasi, budaya administratif, dan mekanisme pengendalian proyek yang lebih menguntungkan pihak owner. Dampaknya, posisi tawar kontraktor lemah, terutama dalam penetapan klausul kontrak, alokasi risiko, serta penyelesaian klaim dan sengketa. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif-empiris dengan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang jasa konstruksi dan pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah, serta praktik kontraktual pada proyek pemerintah dan BUMN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontrak konstruksi publik di Indonesia masih berorientasi pada kepatuhan administratif dan perlindungan kepentingan owner, sehingga alokasi risiko proyek cenderung tidak proporsional. Budaya birokrasi dan kekhawatiran pejabat pengelola proyek memperburuk ketimpangan ini, yang berdampak pada ketidakoptimalan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa dan keadilan kontraktual. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan reformulasi kontrak konstruksi publik yang menekankan keseimbangan hak dan kewajiban para pihak, penerapan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa dini, serta penguatan prinsip alokasi risiko yang adil untuk mencapai kontrak konstruksi yang berkeadilan dan berkelanjutan.
Harmonization of Electricity Construction Claim Prevention Mechanisms: Integration of Pre-Construction Documents, FIDIC Standards, and Standing Dispute Boards Junaedi, Junaedi; Sebastian, Reza Rafly; Rahmiko, Eko; Yanuar, Riko; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, S.
SIGn Journal of Social Science Vol 6 No 2: Desember 2025 - Mei 2026
Publisher : CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37276/sjss.v6i2.562

Abstract

Construction disputes in national strategic electricity projects often hinder cost and time efficiency. This problem is fundamentally rooted in pre-construction document uncertainty and the regulatory gap between national contracts and international standards. This research aims to analyze the juridical implications of incomplete Employer’s Requirements documents on claim validity. It also evaluates gaps in notification mechanisms and differences in work between SOE contract standards and the FIDIC Silver Book, and constructs a dispute-prevention harmonization model. The research method used is normative legal research, with statutory, comparative, and case approaches, applied to the Asahan 3 HEPP project. The results show that disputes in the execution phase are residues of errors in concept design in the pre-construction phase. This condition creates information asymmetry and injures the principle of good faith. Comparative analysis reveals significant gaps in variation and substantiation procedures. Bureaucratic rigidity in national contracts due to the disharmony between Law Number 2 of 2017 and the state finance regime hinders rapid resolution compared to the FIDIC early warning system. However, empirical evidence shows that SDB activation can effectively mitigate conflict escalation. The research concludes that the ideal harmonization model must transform the paradigm from dispute resolution to dispute prevention. This is achieved by integrating SDB institutionalization with the validity of BIM digital data as indisputable primary evidence. This step is necessary to guarantee legal certainty and the sustainability of national strategic projects.
Legal Implications of Extension of Time in Power Plant Construction Projects: A Comparative Study of FIDIC and Indonesian Law Indahwati, Amaliyah Noor; Baroroh, Eric; Wisnuaji, Haryo; Sumantri, Mahfiar Fajar Akbar; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, S.
SIGn Journal of Social Science Vol 6 No 2: Desember 2025 - Mei 2026
Publisher : CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37276/sjss.v6i2.565

Abstract

Disputes related to EoT in electricity EPC projects frequently escalate due to normative conflicts. This conflict arises between the time-bar clause in the FIDIC international contract standards, characterized by strict liability, and the principle of equity in Indonesian civil law. This research aims to analyze the validity of the time-bar clause in light of the principle of good faith, qualify the characteristics of excusable delay in concurrent delay situations, and reconstruct effective dispute-resolution mechanisms. The research method employed is a normative juridical approach, with comparative and empirical case study methods, applied to power plant projects. The results indicate that the application of claim rights forfeiture sanctions due to administrative notification delays possesses conditionally binding force. Such provisions can be set aside if the Service User is proven to have violated the prevention principle. Furthermore, in concurrent delay situations, national law mandates the proportional application of the apportionment principle. This research also finds that the Standing Dispute Board, as provided for in PUPR Ministerial Regulation Number 11 of 2021, is a more effective preventive instrument than arbitration for maintaining project cash flow liquidity. It is concluded that legal harmonization through teleological contract interpretation and the strengthening of Dispute Board executive regulations is imperative. The implications of these findings demand that stakeholders revise the Particular Conditions of contract to accommodate equitable administrative flexibility, ensuring legal certainty and the sustainability of national strategic infrastructure.
Effectiveness of the BANI Binding Opinion in the Resolution of Construction Contract Interpretation Disputes: A Case Study of the Kalimantan Steam Power Plant (2x5 MW) Project Anrizal, Anrizal; Aprianto, Agung; Baharuddin, Ifdal; Lapasau, Ronald; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, S.
SIGn Journal of Social Science Vol 6 No 2: Desember 2025 - Mei 2026
Publisher : CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37276/sjss.v6i2.584

Abstract

Construction disputes in Indonesia are often rooted in differences in the interpretation of contract clauses. This is reflected in the dispute between PT PLN (Persero) and PT XXX over the Kalimantan Steam Power Plant (2x5 MW) development project, regarding claims for an extension of time and additional cost compensation due to social access obstacles. This research aims to conduct a juridical analysis of problems in the interpretation of contract clauses. Additionally, this research constructs the legal basis for granting EoT and real cost compensation, and evaluates the effectiveness and executive power of the BANI Binding Opinion as an instrument of legal certainty. The research method used is normative juridical, through the statute and case approaches to the BANI Binding Opinion Number: XX/BO-BANI/2017 document, and the conceptual approach. The research results reveal that the interpretational deadlock was triggered by the parties’ failure to reach an agreement regarding the allocation of external obstacle risks beyond the contractor’s control. Therefore, BANI determined that a time extension and cost compensation should be granted using the actual implementation cost difference method, based on the principles of propriety and contractual justice, to restore the service provider’s economic position. It is concluded that the BANI Binding Opinion is a highly effective, efficient dispute resolution solution, and possesses stable executive power as regulated in Article 52 and Article 53 of Law Number 30 of 1999. This instrument provides the parties with final and binding legal certainty. This mechanism also mitigates the risk of project termination by registering the decision at the district court without going through an adversarial adjudication process.
Limitation of Authority of the BANI Arbitration Center in Government Construction Contract Disputes within the Electricity Sector Pasaribu, David Mangara; Winada, Erik; Sungkara, Fajar; Sitompul, Wesleyzon; Wibowo, Singgar Mataniari; Hardjomuljadi, Sarwono; Sami’an, S.
SIGn Journal of Social Science Vol 6 No 2: Desember 2025 - Mei 2026
Publisher : CV. Social Politic Genius (SIGn)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37276/sjss.v6i2.589

Abstract

Electricity infrastructure development is a national strategic sector directly intersecting with energy sovereignty and public interest. Therefore, construction contract disputes therein involve an intersection between private law and public law regimes. This research aims to critically analyze the basis of BANI’s legitimacy and the limitations of its authority in resolving government-construction contract disputes in the electricity sector. This is intended to guarantee the protection of energy sovereignty and the principle of legality in government administration. The research method applied is a normative juridical approach using the statute, conceptual, and case approaches, with a prescriptive, deductive syllogism analysis technique. The research results indicate that BANI’s legitimacy is derivative and limited. The arbitration institution lacks the adjudicative authority to review the validity of state administrative decisions or to set aside public electricity safety standards. These findings assert that BANI’s role must be reconstructed to remain within the corridor of purely commercial aspects without exceeding the administrative authority of public officials (ultra vires) in managing national strategic infrastructure. In conclusion, the limitation of arbitration authority is a manifestation of the limited delegation of authority doctrine, necessary to maintain state administration accountability while providing legal certainty for energy investment. This reconstruction makes a theoretical contribution by harmonizing party autonomy in civil law with legal sovereignty in the realms of Constitutional Law and State Administrative Law.
Pengaruh kinerja waktu dan biaya terhadap munculnya potensi klaim di proyek-proyek pembangkit listrik nasional pada masa pendemi Covid-19 Rudy Nugroho; Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
REKAYASA: Jurnal Ilmiah Fakultas Teknik Universitas Lampung Vol. 26 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Sipil Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/rekrjits.v26i2.97

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah peneliti akan melakukan peninjauan dan analisa sampai sejauh mana kondisi pendemi covid-19 mempengaruhi kinerja biaya dan kinerja waktu pada proyek- proyek pembangkit listrik nasional sehingga memunculkan potensi klaim konstruksi yang berujung pada sebuah sengketa konstruksi. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dimana tahapan yang akan dilaksanakan oleh peneliti dalam rangka mencapai tujuan penelitian ini adalah dengan membuat pertanyaan sebagai pertanyaan penelitian (research question). Peneliti akan melakukan penelitian di beberapa proyek pembangkit listrik baik itu milik perusahaan swasta maupun milik BUMN yang sedang dalam fase proses konstruksi di periode pandemic Covid-19. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ada pengaruh antara kinerja waktu dan biaya pada masa pandemi covid-19 terhadap munculnya potensi klaim pada proyek-proyek pembangkit listrik nasional. Dampak pendemi Covid-19 mempengaruhi secara dominan penurunan kinerja waktu yang mengakibatkan keterlambatan waktu pada proyek-proyek konstruksi pembangkit listrik nasional. Dampak Pendemi Covid-19 mempengaruhi kinerja biaya sehingga meningkatkan biaya proyek konstruksi pada proyek-proyek konstruksi pembangkit listrik nasional namun tidak dominan atau pengaruhnya tidak sebesar kinerja waktu.
Co-Authors A. F, M. Dhika Adhitya Ade Nurmala Ade Nurmala, Ade Ahmad Migdad Alaydrus Amalia Khusnawati, Atik Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Anggi Raditya Anondho, Basuki Anrizal, Anrizal Aprianto . Arfiansyah, Fathir Arief, Ediyanto Arjon, Arjon Asep Rachmatullah Aulia, Zuvika Alfi Baharuddin, Ifdal Baroroh, Eric Conshita Hubertha Dhiu Deka Yudhit Maristyo P. Dwian Prakoso, Angga Efendy, Prasetyo Eko Suliyanto Elfriandi, Elfriandi Erik Winada Galih Adya Taurano Hari Anggeriksari Helmi Umar Ambadar Hendrik Sulistio Hendrik Sulistio Hendrik Sulistio Heni Kustiah Imanto, Yuwono Indahwati, Amaliyah Noor Irdayani Irdayani Jamhari Jamhari Jo Johnson Junaedi Junaedi Kenny Kapuasiana Khairul Imam Koespiadi Kusumastuti, Purnaning Siwi Kuswijanarko, Anjar Laia, Kharisman Lapasau, Ronald Lessy, Achmad Syabril Lutfi Mustakim M. Agung Wibowo Malinda, Yosie Marlia Dyah Salindri Hardjito Mawardi Amin Mega Maharani Hutahaean Mega Waty Mudri Mudri Muhammad Reza Aditya Ready Niniek Lannyati Nuris Wahyudi Nurul Listanto Pakpahan, Alfredo Pasaribu, David Mangara Putra Hidayat PUTU IKA WAHYUNI Rahmiko, Eko Roni Febrianto Rudy Nugroho Sami'an Sami'an, Sami'an Samian Sami’an Sami’an, S. Sami’an, Sami’an Sandi Andika Surya Putra Saragih, Hidbar Roberta Sebastian, Reza Rafly Setijanto, Augustinus Shanti Astri Noviani Simanjuntak, Indra Jadi Siti Kautsariyah Sitompul, Wesleyzon Sriyono D. Siswoyo Sumantri, Mahfiar Fajar Akbar Sungkara, Fajar Sutikno Sutikno Suwandi Suwandi Suyono Dikun Syafrie, Hambali Syafrijon Triwijaya, Helmy Yulian Wesleyzon Sitompul Wibowo, Singgar Mataniari Wicaksono, Ario Widiatmoko, Ndaru Seto Winada, Erik Winata, Eduardus Gerald Wiraantaka, Jaka Adiprasetya Wisatrioda, Bayu Wisnuaji, Haryo Yanti Yanti Yanuar, Riko Yulistiawati, Wina