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Analysis of the Application of Article 18 of the Consumer Protection Law in Tourism Services Chusnida, Nabilah; Widyanti, Yenny Eta; Djumikasih, Djumikasih
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v5i1.447

Abstract

The focus of this research is to reveal the extent to which the provisions of Article 18 UUPK have been implemented by tourism businesses to protect consumer rights and security. The research method uses an empirical sociological approach which uses field data as the main data source, such as the results of interviews, observations and documentation. The results provide a comprehensive picture of the practice of implementing Article 18 UUPK in the tourism services sector. These findings involve evaluating the transparency of information, security, and quality of services provided to consumers. That the main obstacles and challenges lie in human resources, and the factor of lack of awareness on the part of tourism actors. It is hoped that this in-depth study can contribute to improving policies and implementation of Article 18 UUPK, as well as increasing consumer protection in the context of tourism services.
Predatory Pricing Competition Through E-commerce Platforms: Eliminating or Destroying? (A Review Based on the Theory of Harm) Sinaga, Paris Hendra Wijaya; Nur Widhiyanti, Hanif; Eta Widyanti, Yenny
International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) Vol 7 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Islamic Education and Multiculturalism Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijierm.v7i1.431

Abstract

Persaingan harga predator melalui platform e-commerce telah menjadi perhatian khusus di era digital. Predatory pricing mengacu pada praktik penetapan harga di bawah standar untuk “menghilangkan atau menghancurkan” pesaing, yang secara signifikan berdampak pada pasar dan konsumen. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis tolok ukur ambang batas “menghilangkan atau menghancurkan” dalam strategi predatory pricing dengan menggunakan kerangka teori kerugian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, teori, dan studi kasus. Kekuatan dari penelitian ini terletak pada penyediaan solusi praktis untuk mengatasi masalah yang ada, sehingga memberikan kontribusi yang berarti di lapangan. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya teori kerugian dalam menganalisis pola untuk mendeteksi harga pasar yang menentukan apakah pesaing sedang “dihilangkan” atau “dihancurkan”, yang dapat membahayakan pasar dalam konteks digital. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggarisbawahi pentingnya mencegah praktik predatory pricing untuk memastikan persaingan yang sehat di platform e-commerce.Kata Kunci: Persaingan Usaha, Harga Predator, Platform E-Commerce, Indonesia Predatory pricing competition through e-commerce platforms has become a specific concern in the digital era. Predatory pricing refers to the practice of setting prices below standard to "eliminate or destroy" competitors, which significantly impacts the market and consumers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore and analyze the benchmarks for the "eliminate or destroy" threshold in predatory pricing strategies using the framework of the theory of harm. This study employs a normative juridical method, utilizing statutory, conceptual, theoretical, and case study approaches. The strength of this study lies in its provision of practical solutions to address existing issues, thereby contributing meaningfully to the field. The findings highlight the importance of the theory of harm in analyzing patterns to detect market prices that determine whether a competitor is being "eliminated" or "destroyed," which could harm the market in the digital context. Furthermore, it underscores the necessity of preventing predatory pricing practices to ensure fair competition on e-commerce platforms.Keywords: Competition, Predatory Pricing, Platform E-Commerce, Indonesia
Pelestarian Budaya dan Kearifan Lokal dalam Perlindungan Kesenian Tradisional Banjar Widyanti, Yenny Eta; Suwardiyati, Rumi; Dwithia H.P., Zora Febriena
Notarius Vol 18, No 2 (2025): Notarius
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/nts.v18i2.71691

Abstract

ABSTRACTBanjar possesses traditional arts that require legal protection. The preservation of local culture encompasses values, norms, ethics, beliefs, customs (such as traditional ceremonies and marriage rituals), etiquette in daily life, and human relations with the environment (including nature, animals, and plants), all aimed at environmental conservation. Local wisdom is also reflected in wise sayings, proverbs, traditional poems, and oral folklore. This study aims to analyze efforts in preserving culture and local wisdom in order to protect Banjar traditional arts as part of intellectual property. This legal research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory and systematic interpretation approach. The findings indicate that cultural preservation and local wisdom complement each other and significantly contribute to the protection of Banjar’s traditional arts.Keywords: Culture; Local Wisdom; Arts; Banjar.ABSTRAKBanjar memiliki kesenian tradisional yang memerlukan perlindungan hukum. Pelestarian budaya lokal mencakup nilai, norma, etika, kepercayaan, adat istiadat (seperti upacara tradisional dan perkawinan), tata krama dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, serta hubungan manusia dengan lingkungan (seperti alam, hewan, dan tumbuhan) yang bertujuan pada konservasi alam. Kearifan lokal juga tercermin dalam ungkapan bijak, pepatah, pantun, dan cerita lisan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis upaya pelestarian budaya dan kearifan lokal dalam rangka melindungi kesenian tradisional Banjar sebagai bagian dari kekayaan intelektual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan penafsiran sistematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelestarian budaya dan kearifan lokal saling melengkapi dan berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap perlindungan kesenian tradisional Banjar.Kata Kunci: Budaya; Kearifan Lokal; Kesenian; Banjar.
Effectiveness of Article 40 Paragraph (1) of PP Number 24 of 1997 Concerning the Obligation of PPAT to Submit Deeds Made to the Land Office Octaviani, Irva; Widyanti, Yenny Eta; Susilo, Hariyanto
IBLAM LAW REVIEW Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): IBLAM LAW REVIEW
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM IBLAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52249/ilr.v5i2.600

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Article 40 paragraph (1) of Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 regulates the obligation of Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT) to submit the deeds they have made to the Land Office within 7 (seven) working days. However, in practice, this provision is often not implemented in a timely manner, resulting in various administrative and legal obstacles. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of Article 40 paragraph (1) of PP No. 24 of 1997 at the Pulang Pisau Regency Land Office. The method used is an empirical legal approach with data collection through surveys and interviews. The results of the study indicate that there are still delays in the submission of deeds by PPAT, one of which is in the case of the Deed of Granting Mortgage Rights which was registered almost two months after signing. This delay has an impact on the slow process of recording rights and issuing certificates, as well as reducing legal certainty for the community. The main causal factors include lack of supervision, low administrative sanctions, and technical obstacles on the part of PPAT. In conclusion, the implementation of Article 40 paragraph (1) has not been effective and requires strengthening of regulations and increasing legal awareness for PPAT.
Can Smart Contracts Have a Legality Valid in Indonesia? Berliana, Dina; Dewantara, Reka; Widyanti, Yenny Eta
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v6i1.1079

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The development of digital technology has encouraged the use of smart contracts as an instrument for automating agreements in Blockchain-based electronic transactions. In the context of Indonesian law, the validity of a smart contract must meet the legal requirements for an agreement, as regulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, which includes the agreement between the parties, legal capacity, a transparent object of the agreement, and lawful causes. Additionally, data verification in smart contracts is a key element in guaranteeing the security, authenticity, and transparency of e-commerce transactions, which is related to the provisions in the ITE Law and the PDP Law. This verification aims to prevent data manipulation, reduce the risk of fraud, and increase trust in transactions by using encryption technology, digital signatures, and Blockchain-based identity. Smart contracts can be considered valid if they fulfill the terms of the agreement and data security principles, making their use in e-commerce more effective and reliable.
Comparative Analysis of Penalty Clauses in Civil Contracts: Enhancing Legal Certainty and Substantive Justice in Indonesian Law Lely Sulthoniah; Djumikasih; Yenny Eta Widyanti
International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM) Vol 7 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : The Islamic Education and Multiculturalism Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47006/ijierm.v7i2.540

Abstract

Abstract Penalty clauses in civil contracts serve as a preventive mechanism against breach of contract and as a legal protection tool for the aggrieved party. However, the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) does not explicitly regulate such clauses, resulting in legal uncertainty and inconsistent judicial practices. This study aims to comparatively analyze the regulation and implementation of penalty clauses in Indonesia, the United Kingdom (via the concept of liquidated damages), and Germany (through Strafklauseln). Employing normative, conceptual, case study, and comparative approaches, the findings reveal that Indonesia’s legal framework remains weak and heavily reliant on judicial discretion, in contrast to the more structured and proportionate approaches found in the UK and Germany. The study recommends a reformulation of Indonesia’s legal framework governing penalty clauses to strengthen legal certainty and ensure substantive justice. The novelty of this research lies in its cross-system legal analysis and emphasis on the need for contractual justice reform in Indonesian civil law. Keywords: Penalty Clause, Breach of Contract, Justice, Contract Law, Legal Comparison
Reformulation of Patent Law in Indonesia Regarding Patent Waiver of Vaccines in Certain Circumstances Serafim, Gladysta Viola; Kusumadara, Afifah; Widyanti, Yenny Eta
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 1 (2025): March 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i1.44518

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This research aims to reformulate patent law in Indonesia based on the 12th WTO MC Decision on the TRIPs Agreement related to patent waivers for vaccines in certain circumstances, such as pandemics. Patenting vaccines during a pandemic can hamper efforts to handle the pandemic quickly and effectively and make access to vaccines limited, especially for lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This can be seen in the implementation of Covid-19 vaccination where there is a gap in vaccination rates and vaccine prices between developed countries and LMICs countries. For example, vaccine supplies in Indonesia as one of the LMICs countries could only meet 24% of the coverage target of 181 million people at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. The patent law in Indonesia has provided flexibility regarding the implementation of patents for vaccines in certain circumstances through the implementation of patents by the government, but in fact it still cannot overcome the scarcity of vaccines in an emergency in Indonesia. This study uses normative (doctrinal) research types with statue, conceptual, and analytical. Based on the results of the research, in order to minimize existing problems so that they do not occur in the future, Indonesia can reformulate the formulation of patent laws in Indonesia based on the TRIPs Agreement, namely first, the regulation that the implementation of patent waivers for vaccines in certain circumstances does not require permission from the patent holder; second, the regulation on determining the amount of remuneration for inventors; and third,  regulation on the prohibition of re-export of vaccines whose patents are ignored. 
Legal Protection for Consumers Regarding the Absence of Labels Containing Product Information on Packaging Putri, Dinae; Sulistyarini, Rachmi; Widyanti , Yenny Eta
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v4i2.236

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This research is aimed at understanding and analysing the legal protection regarding the absence of product information labels on packaging. As legal protection for consumers is an important issue in the context of safeguarding consumer rights and interests, one frequently discussed aspect is the lack of product information labels on packaging. This disorderliness can pose various risks to consumers, such as difficulties in making informed purchasing decisions, financial loss, health, and safety concerns. This study adopts a Normative Juridical research approach. The analytical technique used in this research is descriptive analysis, examining various regulations and laws that govern consumer protection and product labelling. The research findings indicate that consumers have the right to obtain accurate, clear, and complete information about the products they intend to purchase or consume. The absence of product labelling on packaging can result in consumers' inability to make informed decisions. Therefore, various regulations and laws have been established to mandate businesses to provide accurate and complete information on product packaging. This research concludes that legal protection for consumers concerning the absence of product information labels on packaging is highly significant. Continuous efforts are required to enhance business compliance, effective law enforcement, as well as consumer education and awareness regarding the importance of obtaining accurate information before purchasing products.
Incomplete Regulations of Mediator Competence Standards As A Requirement For Members of Consumer Dispute Resolution Agencies Rayhan Rizky Fitrianto; Hamidi Masykur; Yenny Eta Widyanti
YURISDIKSI : Jurnal Wacana Hukum dan Sains Vol. 21 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Merdeka University Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55173/yurisdiksi.v21i1.298

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This thesis examines the incompleteness of the mediator competency standards set in the Minister of Trade Regulation No. 72 of 2020 as a requirement for members of the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK). The regulation does not explicitly stipulate mandatory training or certification of mediators for BPSK members, thus opening up the possibility of mediation being carried out by parties without a legal background or mediation skills. This has an impact on the low quality of dispute resolution, injustice for the parties, and decreased public trust in BPSK as a dispute resolution institution. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory, conceptual, and comparative approach. Based on the analysis, the absence of mediator competency regulations causes legal uncertainty (Gustav Radbruch's Theory of Legal Certainty) and violations of the principle of distributive justice (Aristotle). As a solution, this thesis recommends the reconstruction of Minister of Trade Regulation No. 72 of 2020 by adopting the German legal system model, namely requiring mediator certification and the imposition of administrative sanctions for violations. This proposal is in line with the civil law system and Philipus M. Hadjon's theory of authority, which emphasizes the importance of proportionality and professionalism in the implementation of public authority.
Ideal Regulation on Endorser Responsibility for Consumer Losses from Promotional Actions by Endorsers Mufidah, Lailatul; Kusumadara, Afifah; Eta Widyanti, Yenny
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.44812

Abstract

Advertising strategies through social media are increasingly being chosen by business actors to market their goods and/or services. The existence of advertising strategies through social media has given birth to a new term known as endorsers. The rapid development in the world of advertising is not balanced by the development of laws in the legislation in Indonesia which is specifically regulated through Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. The purpose of this study is to find out the ideal regulation of endorser liability for consumer losses due to promotional actions carried out by endorsers. The research method used in this study is normative legal research with a conceptual approach, a statutory approach, and a comparative approach with the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 255 on Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising. The results of this study are the urgency for legislation in Indonesia to regulate endorsers in detail and explicitly so that endorsers can be held accountable for promotional actions carried out by them.