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All Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development) Journal of Health Education Care : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan Unnes Journal of Public Health Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pascasarjana Proceeding of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Unnes Journal of Public Health JHE (Journal of Health Education) Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Journal of Creativity Student Public Health Perspective Journal
Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum
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Education Health Professions Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Efek Suplementasi Terhadap Peningkatan Tumbuh Kembang Anak: A Systematic Literature Review Arfiana Arfiana; Tandiyo Rahayu; Intan Zaenafree; Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pascasarjana Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Target global untuk tahun 2030 diantaranya memastikan bahwa semua anak memiliki akses ke perawatan perkembangan anak usia dini yang berkualitas. Salah satu program yang digencarkan untuk memperbaiki status gizi adalah dengan suplementasi gizi. Tujuan: Menganalisis efek suplementasi terhadap peningkatan tumbuh kembang anak sebagai dasar pemilihan suplemen yang efektif dalam pengembangan program layanan kesehatan masyarakat yang optimal. Metode: Sistematik review ini ditulis berdasarkan pada panduan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) melalui database elektronik PubMed. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu “Child Development” AND “Monitoring” AND “Suplementation” sehingga didapatkan sebanyak 6 artikel yang dianalisis. Hasil: Dari hasil beberapa studi yang mengkaji efek suplementasi terhadap peningkatan tumbuh kembang anak menyatakan bahwa suplementasi pada pasta mentah atau bubur dengan kandungan 98% mikronutrien harian yang direkomendasikan untuk anak di bawah 4 tahun terbukti efektif memperbaiki komposisi tubuh. Suplemen vitamin D oral efektif dalam meningkatkan kadar 25(OH)D ke kisaran fisiologis. Namun, intervensi suplemen vitamin D tidak berdampak pada tinggi badan menurut usia, indeks massa tubuh, komposisi tubuh, atau perkembangan pubertas. Lipid-based nutrient supplementation (LNS), dinilai efektif diberikan pada anak-anak maupun ibu hamil karena dapat menurunkan stunting dan anemia. Suplementasi omega-3 FA maupun omega-6 FA juga baik digunakan untuk meningkatkan perkembangan anak karena aman tidak memengaruhi Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Kesimpulan: Beberapa suplemen yang disarankan untuk meningkatkan tumbuh kembang anak adalah suplemen dengan 98% kandungan mikronutrien, lipid-based nutrient supplementation (LNS), dan suplementasi omega-3 FA maupun omega-6 FA karena mampu meningkatkan komposisi tubuh, menekan kasus stunting dan anemia, serta meningkatkan perkembangan anak tanpa mempengaruhi memengaruhi Children’s Depression Inventory.
Microorganisms (Staphylococcus and Fungi) in Radiotherapy Patient Masks before and after Cleaning with Disinfectant Liquid Dartini Dartini; Mahalul Azam; Evi Widowati; Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum; Fatimah Fatimah; Jeffri Ardiyanto
International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Vol. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

Background: Radiotherapy masks patients are a fixation tool in radiotherapy radiation services. The function of the radiotherapy mask is to fix the irradiation area in the patient’s body part for serial radiation therapy, for approximately 1 month. A printed radiotherapy mask is used by the patient from the first session until the final session of radiation is complete. The inner surface of the mask is always in contact with the patient's skin. Practically, the masks are never been cleaned so it is possible to develop infectious Fungi or microorganisms. The research objective was to determine the difference in the number of microorganisms (Staphylococcus and Fungi) before and after cleaning using a 70% alcohol disinfectant Methodology: This is experimental research. The number of microorganisms (Staphylococcus and Fungi) in 16 radiotherapy masks were identified with the Swap method before and after cleaning using 70% alcohol disinfectant. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test to determine the differences in the number of microorganisms before and after cleaning and to identify the reduction percentages. Result: the number of Fungi and Staphylococcus before cleaning were 9,528 and 0.490, while after cleaning were 8228 and 0,194, respectively The amount of percentage reductions before and after cleaning were 43.275% (Staphylococcus ) and 38.529% (Fungi). Based on the Wilcoxon test on Staphylococcus , meaning that. There was a difference in Staphylococcus (ρ value= 0.003) on the radiotherapy patient's mask before and after cleaning using 70% alcohol. There was no difference in Fungi (ρ value= 0.220) before and after being cleaned using 70% alcohol. The research results are very important as material for the revision of standard operational procedures for radiotherapy services.
Models of Maternal Behavior and Suggested Health Service Program Interventions for Prevention of High-Risk Pregnancy: A Systematic Literature Review Noor Hidayah; Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani; Ari Yuniastuti; Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum
International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Vol. 9 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

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Abstract

'Baby steps' health interventions are scheduled in stages to improve birth outcomes. This intervention focuses on preventing high-risk pregnancies, including preventing excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) because it can cause risk of complications including maternal and child obesity and the risk of neural tube defects (NTD) in the fetus and etc. Objective: This study is to examine more deeply how the mother's behavior model and health service program interventions are recommended to increase the prevention of high-risk pregnancies. Methods: This systematic review was written based on PRISMA guidelines through three electronic databases, namely PubMed, Springer, and ScienceDirect with keywords of maternal behavior, high-risk pregnancy prevention and clinical trials and include 9 articles to be analyzed. Results: Cognitive health schemes related to perspectives that shape maternal behavior include believing that pregnancy is a 'fail safe' system where the baby in the womb will be fine, regardless of the mother's health. Therefore, the behavior that often occurs among the community is low prevention of obesity, low consumption of sufficient folic acid, wrong diet patterns, inadequate physical activity, stress, alcohol use and smoking. High-risk pregnancy prevention program interventions must be comprehensive and use intensive evidence-based data management. Conclusion: Low obesity prevention behavior, low consumption of sufficient folic acid, wrong dietary patterns, inadequate physical activity, stress, alcohol use and smoking can be overcome by implementing an intensive weight management program equipped with SMS reminders of a healthy lifestyle and education regarding the importance of intervention programs to prevent high-risk pregnancies.
Trend Kejadian Hipertensi dan Pola Distribusi Kejadian Hipertensi dengan Penyakit Penyerta secara Epidemiologi di Indonesia Rizqiya, Mala; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini
Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition Vol 3 No 3 (2023): Special Issue
Publisher : Center for Public Health Nutrition Studies, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijphn.v3i3.62153

Abstract

Background: Non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and co-morbidities are a major threat to global health. Knowing the distribution and trend of the disease is one way to monitor the progress of the disease to reduce mortality and morbidity. Therefore, researchers want to know the trend and distribution of hypertension with its comorbidities epidemiologically. Methods: This research is a quantitative study with a nested case control study research design, using BPJS Health sample data for the 2019-2020 service year. The variables in this study were hypertension and comorbidities. The analysis used is univariate analysis and trend in the form of graphs. Results: The trend of hypertension disease shows fluctuating results. The distribution of the disease showed results: hypertension (50%), myalgia (20%), acute upper respiratory tract infection (23.7%), functional dyspepsia (17.5%), headache (11%), common cold (13.5%). %), gastritis and duodenitis (12.4%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (6.9%), gastroenteritis and colitis (7.5%), dorsalgia (6.4%), acute pharyngitis (7.4%). Conclusion: This shows that the development of hypertension cases during 2019-2020 showed fluctuating results. Meanwhile, the distribution of hypertension and other disease has a different percentage.
Tuberculosis Risk Mapping in Yogyakarta, Indonesia : An Ecological Study Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Trisnaningsih, Asyifa Rahma
Unnes Journal of Public Health Vol 12 No 2 (2023): Unnes Journal of Public Health
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) in cooperation with Association of Indonesian Public Health Experts (Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ujph.v12i2.65193

Abstract

Abstract Environmental, demographics, geography, to health system-related aspects can influence the incidence of tuberculosis. The objectives of this study are to know the correlation between environmental, health services and population-related variables with tuberculosis incidence rate and map the tuberculosis risk distribution in 78 sub-districts in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. This study is a cross-sectional study with an ecological approach and using a mapping approach. Variables in this study include population density, altitude, tuberculosis treatment success rate, health facilities, health personnel, education, and population growth rate. Data in this study were analyzed using univariate and bivariate (Rank Spearman) tests, then depicted in a map. There are correlations between population density, education, population growth rate, altitude, and health facilities with tuberculosis incidence rate (r = 0.663, 0.654, -0.495, -0.274, and -0.267). Tuberculosis treatment success rate and health personnel show no correlation with tuberculosis incidence rate (r = -0.020; -0.002). Strengthening of TB programs and cross-sectoral measures are needed to control TB, especially in high-risk areas. Research on other ecological-related factors and further spatial analysis can also be carried out to provide input for TB control. Abstrak Aspek lingkungan, demografi, geografi, hingga aspek terkait sistem kesehatan dapat mempengaruhi kejadian tuberkulosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara variabel terkait lingkungan, pelayanan kesehatan, dan populasi dengan kejadian tuberkulosis serta memetakan distribusi risiko tuberkulosis di 78 kecamatan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dengan pendekatan ekologi dan pemetaan. Variabel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kepadatan penduduk, ketinggian wilayah, keberhasilan pengobatan tuberkulosis, fasilitas kesehatan, tenaga kesehatan, pendidikan, dan laju pertumbuhan penduduk. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan uji univariat dan bivariat (Rank Spearman), kemudian digambarkan dalam peta. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara kepadatan penduduk, pendidikan, laju pertumbuhan penduduk, ketinggian wilayah, dan fasilitas kesehatan dengan incidence rate (IR) tuberkulosis (TB) (r = 0.663, 0.654, -0.495 -0.274, and -0.267). Tidak ada korelasi antara angka keberhasilan pengobatan tuberkulosis dan tenaga kesehatan dengan IR TB (r = -0.020; -0.002). Penguatan pelaksanaan program TB serta upaya lintas sektor diperlukan untuk pengendalian TB terutama di wilayah dengan risiko yang tinggi. Penelitian mengenai faktor lain terkait ekologi dan analisis spasial lebih lanjut juga dapat dilakukan guna memberikan input untuk pengendalian TB.
Education Unit’s Characteristics and Covid-19 Positivity Rate in Yogyakarta : Ecological Study Nathaniela, Regina Marsha; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Sutarjo, Puji
HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development) Vol 7 No 3 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/higeia.v7i3.64920

Abstract

Abstract Limited Face-to-Face Learning (PTM Terbatas) during COVID-19 pandemic allowed interaction between populations which led to COVID-19 transmission in schools. Factors affecting the COVID-19 transmission in schools need to be known to minimize the wider spread of cases. This study aims to examine the relationship between education unit’s characteristics such as school location, educational level, school status, number of PTM participants, and health protocols implementation, to the COVID-19 positivity rate in education units in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The research design is cross-sectional ecological study with education unit as the unit analysis. Sample of 292 education units sourced from secondary data of PTM Terbatas Surveillance was analyzed univariately and bivariately with Chi-Square test. Results showed health protocols implementation (p=0.022; PR=1.657; 95% CI=1.128-2.435) had a significant relationship to the COVID-19 positivity rate. School location, educational level, school status, and the number of PTM participants had no significant relationship to the COVID-19 positivity rate. Schools with any characteristics need to encourage school communities to keep implementing health protocols to prevent COVID-19 transmission in schools. Abstrak Pembelajaran Tatap Muka (PTM) Terbatas saat pandemi COVID-19 memungkinkan terjadinya interaksi antar populasi yang menyebabkan terjadinya penularan COVID-19 di sekolah. Faktor yang mempengaruhi penularan COVID-19 di sekolah perlu diketahui untuk meminimalisir penyebaran kasus yang lebih luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara karakteristik satuan pendidikan seperti lokasi sekolah, jenjang pendidikan, status sekolah, jumlah peserta PTM, dan penerapan protokol kesehatan, terhadap positivity rate testing tracing COVID-19 pada satuan pendidikan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional studi ekologi dengan satuan pendidikan sebagai unit analisis. Sampel sebanyak 292 satuan pendidikan bersumber dari data sekunder Surveilans PTM Terbatas dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan protokol kesehatan (p=0,022; PR=1,657; 95%CI=1,128-2,435) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap positivity rate COVID-19. Lokasi sekolah, jenjang pendidikan, status sekolah, dan jumlah peserta PTM tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan positivity rate COVID-19. Sekolah dengan karakteristik apapun perlu mendorong warga sekolah untuk tetap menerapkan protokol kesehatan guna mencegah penularan COVID-19 di sekolah.
Pemetaan dan Determinan Stunting pada Balita di Kabupaten Cilacap Tahun 2021 Tyas, Lintang Wening Ing; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Kukilowati, Novita
HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development) Vol 7 No 4 (2023): October 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/higeia.v7i4.67761

Abstract

Abstrak Prevalensi stunting di Kabupaten Cilacap pada tahun 2021 mencapai 17,9%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan dan sebaran determinan stunting pada balita di Kabupaten Cilacap. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pendekatan ekologi studi dan pemetaan menggunakan data sekunder berupa laporan gizi Kabupaten Cilacap tahun 2021. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama periode tahun 2021. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh kecamatan di Kabupaten Cilacap dengan sampel penelitian 24 kecamatan di Kabupaten Cilacap menggunakan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi BBLR (p-value = 0,119), prevalensi ibu hamil anemia (p-value = 0,093) dan prevalensi ibu hamil KEK (p-value = 0,796) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting, sedangkan prevalensi bayi mendapatkan ASI Eksklusif (p-value = 0,028) dan prevalensi IMD (p-value = 0,009) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita di Kabupaten Cilacap. Kecamatan Kroya, Nusawungu dan Adipala berisiko tinggi stunting karena prevalensi bayi mendapat ASI Eksklusif dan prevalensi IMD rendah. Kata kunci : Pemetaan, stunting, BBLR, kehamilan Abstract The prevalence of stunting in Cilacap Regency in 2021 reached 17,9%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship and distribution of stunting determinants in toddlers in the Cilacap Regency. This research was conducted during the 2021 period.This study used an cross- sectional design with an ecological and mapping approach using secondary data nutrition reports Cilacap Regency in 2021. The population was all subdistrict in Cilacap Regency with a sample of 24 subdistricts in Cilacap Regency, taken by total sampling. The results showed that prevalence LBW (p-value = 0,119), prevalence pregnancy with anemia (p-value = 0,093) and prevalence pregnancy with CED (p-value = 0,796), did not significantly influence the incidence of stunting, but prevalence breastfeeding exclusively (p-value = 0,028) and prevalence early initiation of breastfeeding (p-value = 0,009) has a significant on the incidence of stunting. Kroya, Nusawungu and Adipala sub-districts were in high risk of stunting because the prevalence breastfeeding exclusively and prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding are low. Keywords : Mapping, stunting, LBW, pregnancy
Identification of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Risk Zone in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province 2021 Rahmat, Sultan Aulia; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Suharna, Suharna
HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development) Vol 8 No 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/higeia.v8i1.67935

Abstract

Abstrak Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) merupakan salah satu wilayah endemik Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Indonesia. Pada 2021, Incidence Rate (IR) DIY mencapai 32/100.000 populasi dengan Case Fatality Rate (CFR) mencapai 1,01%. Untuk mengurangi jumlah kasus DBD diperlukan suatu tindakan pencegahan. Manajemen penyakit berbasis wilayah dapat menjadi solusi mengurangi kasus DBD, seperti pemetaan risiko penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko penularan DBD di Provinsi DIY tahun 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional dengan pendekatan pemetaan dan ekologis. Variabel faktor risiko yang berkorelasi dengan insiden DBD akan di skoring, kemudian hasilnya dijabarkan menggunakan peta risiko DBD. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Oktober tahun 2022. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat, faktor iklim memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian DBD. Pada Bulan Januari, wilayah Kota Yogyakarta dan Kulon Progo berada dalam risiko tinggi. Pada bulan November, wilayah Gunungkidul berada dalam risiko tinggi. Pada bulan Desember daerah dengan kategori tinggi antara lain Bantul dan Gunungkidul. Distribusi risiko DBD di DIY meningkat selama musim hujan. Pembuat kebijakan diharapkan dapat memprioritaskan daerah berisiko tinggi dalam menciptakan kebijakan. Abstract Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) is one of dengue endemic regions in Indonesia. In 2021, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Incidence Rate (IR) in DIY was 32/100,000 population with Case Fatality Rate (CFR) reaching 1.01%. Reducing DHF cases is necessary to take preventive actions. Area-based disease management can be a solution to reduce DHF cases, such as mapping analysis of disease risk map. This research aims to determine the DHF transmission risk level in DIY Province during 2021. It is a cross-sectional study with mapping and ecological approach. Risk factors that correlate with DHF incidence will be scored, then the results will described as risk map. This research was conducted in September-October 2022. Based on bivariate analysis, climatic factors have a correlation with DHF. In January, Yogyakarta City and Kulon Progo were in high risk. Gunungkidul was highly vulnerable. in November. In December regions with high category include Bantul and Gunungkidul. DHF risk distribution in DIY was increased during rainy season. Policy makers are expected to prioritize high-risk areas in creating policies.
Determinan Kejadian Putus Berobat pada Pasien Tuberkulosis di Kota Semarang Maharani, Silvie Sasria; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Miarso, Dani
HIGEIA (Journal of Public Health Research and Development) Vol 8 No 2 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/higeia.v8i2.76184

Abstract

Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit kronis yang menular dan disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis dan menyebabkan kematian terbesar di dunia. Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang, diketahui bahwa angka putus berobat pada tahun 2019 sebesar 18%, tahun 2020 sebesar 16%, dan tahun 2021 sebesar 12,43%. Angka putus berobat masih jauh dari target nasional sebesar <10%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan kejadian putus berobat pada pasien tuberkulosis di Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif observasional dengan rancangan penelitian nested case control. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari sistem SEMAR BETUL bulan Januari sampai Agustus 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel usia (p=0,001; AOR=0,026; CI 95%=0,003-0,204), variabel tipe diagnosis (p=0,015; AOR=7,387. CI 95%=1,470-37,122) dan variabel kepatuhan berobat (p=<0,001; AOR=24,439. CI 95%=5,380-111,013) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian putus berobat pasien tuberkulosis di Kota Semarang. Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang perlu menyusun kebijakan dan program untuk melakukan pencegahan dini kejadian putus berobat pada pasien tuberkulosis. Tuberculosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and causes the largest number of deaths in the world. Based on data from the Semarang City Health Service, it is known that the treatment dropout rate in 2019 was 18%, in 2020 it was 16%, and in 2021 it was 12.43%. The treatment dropout rate is still far from the national target of <10%. This study aims to determine the determinants of treatment dropout in tuberculosis patients in Semarang City. The type of research used is quantitative observational with a nested case control research design. This study used secondary data from the SEMAR BETUL from January to August 2023. The results showed that the age variable (p=0.001; AOR=0.026; 95%CI=0.003-0.204), the diagnosis type variable (p=0.015; AOR=7.387. 95%CI=1.470-37.122), treatment adherence variables (p=<0.001; AOR=24.439. 95%CI=5.380-111.013) have a significant relationship with the incidence of treatment dropout in tuberculosis patients in Semarang City. The Semarang City Health Service needs to develop policies and programs to prevent early treatment dropout in tuberculosis patients.
Mapping Stunting and Its Risk Factors in Sub-Districts Throughout Semarang City in 2022 Azizah, Agtika Yasyfa Nur; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Wahyuningsih, Siti Endah
Journal of Health Education Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jhealthedu.v10i1.5728

Abstract

 Background: The prevalence of stunting in Semarang City is the lowest compared to other districts/cities at 10.40%. Semarang City has not used a mapping system in handling stunting cases even though mapping stunting and its risk factors with GIS can help policymakers read areas that can be used as a basis for determining stunting-related programs because each region has different characteristics. Methods: This study combined an ecological study and mapping approach with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in 2022. The population in this study were all 16 sub-districts in Semarang City. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling.  Results: The results showed that in the mapping of correlated risk factors, the variables of the percentage of households that have access to safe sanitation,  percentage of households with shared toilet, percentage of LBW, percentage of pregnant women with parity >4, and percentage of pregnant women aged >35 years old were significantly associated with the prevalence of stunting. Conclusions: Sub-districts that can be prioritized for stunting prevention, treatment, and screening are Semarang Selatan, Semarang Utara, Semarang Tengah, Semarang Timur, and Tugu
Co-Authors Abdul Hakam Adeliani, Melia Aisyah, Gisela Habibah Alwi, Luqman Amada, Safaya Amalia Augustina Fadlilah Andar, Nadiya Arawinda Andi Irwan Benardi Arfiana Arfiana Ari Yuniastuti Azizah, Agtika Yasyfa Nur Bambang Budi Raharjo Casmuti, Casmuti Dartini Dartini Dessi Aryani Dessi Aryani Efa Nugroho Eko Haris Adrianto Evi Widowati Fatimah Fatimah Fera Astuti, Fera Hanif Pandu Suhito Intan Zaenafree Intan Zainafree, Intan Iqbal, Usman Irsam, Muhamad Irwan Irwan Isti Mulyawati Izha Fajar Al Isynaini Jeffri Ardiyanto Junaidi, Lili Jusran, Alek Khasanah, Amelia Fitra Kinanti, Anastasia Kukilowati, Novita Listianingrum, Devy Mahalul Azam Maharani, Silvie Sasria Mardiana - Mardiana Mardiana Miarso, Dani Nathaniela, Regina Marsha Noor Hidayah Noor Hidayah Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani Palgunadi Palgunadi Prasetya, Henky Yoga Qimamayah, Asih Satut Damul Rahmat, Sultan Aulia Rasajati, Qorry Putri Ratna Sri Indrawati Rizqiya, Mala Saefurrohim, Muhamad Zakki Salsabila, Diyana Sari, Emi Yela Utami Sarifah, Mar’atul Sholikun, Sholikun Suharna Suharna, Suharna Suhito, Hanif Pandu Sutarjo, Puji Tandiyo Rahayu Trisnaningsih, Asyifa Rahma Tyas, Lintang Wening Ing Ulfah, Natijatul Utomo, Ocbrivianita Mulyaningtyas Wahyuningsih, Siti Endah Widya Hary Cahyati Yulia Nur Khayati Yuswantoro, Rico Novian Zaimatuddunia, Irma