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Synthesis and Antibacterial Testing of Cu(II)-3-Picolylamine Complexes Azizah, Ninna Arifatun Nurul; Hening Citra Dewi, Monica; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Marliyana, Soerya Dewi
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 5 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 5 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.5.267-273

Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of a novel Cu(II)-3-picolylamine complex were successfully carried out, aiming to explore the structural properties and antibacterial potential. The complex was synthesized by reacting CuSO4.5H2O with 3-picolylamine in a 1:4 molar ratio, yielding a dark blue precipitate (78.14% yield). Characterization techniques, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, thermal analysis (TG/DTA), magnetic susceptibility, and powder XRD, confirmed the formation of the complex with the proposed formula [Cu(3-picolylamine)4]SO4.5H2O. The complex exhibited a square planar geometry around the Cu(II) ion, coordinated through nitrogen donor atoms of the ligand, with the sulphate ion acting as a counter ion. Thermal analysis revealed a two-stage decomposition process, with the release of five water molecules at 55–130°C and ligand decomposition at higher temperatures. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated paramagnetic behaviour with an effective magnetic moment of 1.86 BM, consistent with a d9 configuration. Despite its well-defined structure, the complex showed no antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 at all concentrations up to 1000 ppm. The lack of activity was attributed to reduced lipophilicity and the presence of hydrophilic counterions, hindering bacterial cell wall penetration.
The Feasibility and Effectiveness of High-Level Thinking Tests on Virus to Mapping The Ability of Prospective Science Teacher (Introduction Study on The Development of Integrated Learning Models) Kusumadani, Annur Indra; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Yamtinah, Sri; Prayitno, Baskoro Adi
Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology 2023: Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

This research aims to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of a higher - order thinking test developed on material of virus. The test instrument developed was aimed at mapping the ability of prospective science teacher in the preliminary study of developing an integrated learning model. This research is a Research and Development referring to Borg and Gall ( 1989) with 10 stages of research, namely : (1) Initial research and data collection , (2) Planning , (3) Initial product manufacture , (4) Initial trial (expert validation) , (5) Initial product improvement , (6) Test field trial , (7) Operational product improvement , (8) Operational field test (effectiveness test/external validity test) , (9) Final product revision, and (10) Dissemination. The research involved the following experimental subjects : (1) The initial trial involved virus material experts, research and education evaluation experts ; (2) The small group trial involved 36 student teacher candidates at the University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta for the 2020/2021 academic year; (3) The large group trial involved 60 student teacher candidates at the University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta for the 2020/2021 academic year ; and (4) an operational field test (effectiveness test/external validity test) involving 30 teacher candidates at the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for the 2020/2021 academic year. The data analysis techniques used were the validity of AIken at the validation stage, item test analysis in the field trial and Pearson correlation analysis at the operational /effectiveness field test stage. The final results of this research are computer-assisted higher order thinking test with 8 questions of higher order thinking on virus material that has strong internal validity with an Aiken validity index of more than 0.73 ( 0.84 to 0.92 ), reliability coefficient 0.814 > 0.213 (r table ) which means high reliability, difficulty index of 0.17 (difficult) to 0.455 (medium), and discriminant index (differentiation power) of 0.2 (enough) to 0.745 (good). External validity/effectiveness is 0.626 (strong enough) to 0.831 (strong) which is the correlation of higher order thinking test results developed with other higher-order thinking tests on virus. The conclusion of this research is that the developed test instrument is feasible and effective to measure the higher order thinking ability of virus.
Perbandingan Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Mahasiswa Calon Guru Sains menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Socio-Scientific Problem Based Learning with Spiritual Value dengan Model Problem Based Learning Kusumadani, Annur Indra; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Yamtinah, Sri; Prayitno, Baskoro Adi
Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek) 2022: Prosiding SNPBS (Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Pembelajaran sains saat ini umumnya lebih terpusat pada dosen, dimana dosen menjadi sumber pengetahuan sehingga mahasiswa hanya mengandalkan informasi dari dosen dalam proses pembelajaran sehingga berdampak pada kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi lemah. Alternatif untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran SocioScientific Problem based Learning with Spiritual Value dan Problem based Learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa calon guru sains menggunakan model SocioScientific Problem based Learning with Spiritual Value dan problem based learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan kelas eksperimen dengan model Socio-Scientific Problem based Learning with Spiritual Value dan model Problem Based Learning. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi-experiment. Sampel penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa calon guru sains FKIP Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta semester VI Tahun Akademik 2021-2022. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah Two Independent Sample Test (Uji Mann Withney U). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan signifikan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mahasiswa calon guru sains menggunakan model pembelajaran Socio-Scientific Problem based Learning with Spiritual Value dengan model pembelajaran Problem based Learning. Nilai rata-rata dari kelas yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model SocioScientific Problem based Learning with Spiritual Value 66,20 dengan nilai terendah 56,35 dan nilai tertinggi 79,60. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi dari kelas yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model Problem based Learning sebesar 51,40 dengan nilai terendah 39,70 dan nilai tertinggi 69,10.
Analisis Hasil Proyek dan Respon Siswa terhadap Kit STEAM Energi Terbarukan Rahmayanti, Lintang; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Sukarmin
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 10 No 9 (2024): September
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v10i9.8485

Abstract

Addressing global challenges requires a strong focus on environmental sustainability within educational institutions. This research aims to analyze the project outcome and student’s responses of Renewable Energy STEAM Kit. The study involved 31 students who participated in the learning project using Renewable Energy STEAM Kit. Data was collected through observation to assess the project outcome of learning activities, and survey & interview to gather student’s responses about their experiences from learning activities using Renewable Energy STEAM Kit. Data processing utilized descriptive quantitative methodologies to derive significant insights from the provided data. According to the result, 96.8% of students agreed and strongly agreed that the Renewable Energy STEAM Kit is easy to use, interest, flexible, benefit, and relevant. Only 3.2% of students that disagreed about that statement. The results of this study can be concluded that Renewable Energy STEAM Kit's success in being user-friendly, engaging, flexible, beneficial, and relevant to students' educational experiences and future aspirations.
Validity of Science Module Based on Problem Based Learning Multiple Representations to Improve Students' Higher Level Thinking Skills on the Topic of Acid-Base Sholikhah, Siti; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Sugiharto, Bowo
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 4 (2025): April
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.10837

Abstract

The background of this research is the use of learning resources that have not been effective in improving students' higher-order thinking skills. This study aims to develop a science module, analyze its validity, feasibility, and effectiveness on higher order thinking skills. This research type of research and development (R&D) uses the 4D development model according to Thiagarajan (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The science module was validated by six validators. The effectiveness of the module is seen from the increase in the students' higher order thinking skills test scores from 36 student. Validity was analyzed using Aiken's V, while effectiveness was analyzed with N-Gain. In the validation level, the learning material expert validator obtained a score of 0.91 with the category “valid”, the presentation expert validator obtained a score of 0.88 with the category “valid”, the linguist validation obtained a score of 0.91 with the category “valid”, and the graphic expert validation obtained a score of 0.88 with the category “valid”. A feasibility value of 79.8 by teachers with a feasible category. The effectiveness results show that the module has an effect on students' higher order thinking skills  as evidenced by the N-Gain score of the experimental class of 0,63 with a fairly effective category while the N-Gain score of the control class is 0,55 with a less effective category. Thus, the developed e-module is declared valid, feasible, and effective.
Mapping the Landscape: Indonesian Fermented Foods, Probiotics, and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention - A Bibliometric and Scoping Review Purbosari, Para Mitta; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Widoretno, Sri; Sarwanto, S
Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology 2025: Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) constitutes a significant health burden in Indonesia, accounting for approximately one-third of all deaths. Hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia are established primary risk factors for CVD. This mini-review synthesizes current knowledge on CVD, the characteristics of probiotic bacteria, and the potential of Indonesian fermented foods to mitigate CVD risk. Indonesia boasts a rich and diverse array of traditional fermented foods, including tape, tempeh, dadih, sayur asin, tempoyak, and growol. Notably, many of these foods harbor diverse probiotic microorganisms, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Weissella, Pediococcus, Rhizopus, Penicillium, and Saccharomyces. Various studies have explored the beneficial effects of probiotics, with hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic effects increasing in recent years. Consistent consumption of probiotics has demonstrated the potential to reduce total serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, liver cholesterol, and triglycerides, while concurrently elevating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The impact of probiotics on lipid profiles is influenced by many factors, such as the specific probiotic strain, dosage, and the individual's dietary habits and overall health status. This review highlighted the promising role of probiotics derived from Indonesian fermented foods as a complementary strategy in preventing cardiovascular disease.