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All Journal Medicina journal of internal medicine E-Jurnal Medika Udayana E-Jurnal Udayana Medica Berkala Kedokteran The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Udayana ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Medical and Health Science Journal Neurologico Spinale Medico Chirurgico Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research GANESHA MEDICINA MEDICINUS Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Journal of Global Pharma Technology Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes (InaJEMD)
MADE RATNA SARASWATI .
Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Dalam RSUP Sanglah, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Physics Public Health Social Sciences

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From Tradition to Translation: A Systematic Review on the Pharmacological Actions of Eugenol Extracted from Ocimum Plants in Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Diabetes Mellitus Permatananda, Pande Ayu Naya Kasih; I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa; I Wayan Sumardika; Made Ratna Saraswati; I Gde Suranaya Pandit
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 6 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i6.1302

Abstract

Background: Ocimum species, commonly known as basil, have a rich history in traditional medicine for various ailments. Eugenol, a primary bioactive compound found in several Ocimum species, has garnered significant scientific attention for its potential therapeutic properties. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively evaluate the pharmacological actions of eugenol extracted from Ocimum plants in the context of oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across major scientific databases for studies published between 2013 and 2024 that investigated the effects of eugenol derived from Ocimum plants on oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus. The search strategy included keywords such as "eugenol," "Ocimum," "antioxidant," "anti-inflammatory," and "antidiabetic." Inclusion criteria for studies involving in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies that specifically examined the pharmacological actions of eugenol extracted from Ocimum species in the aforementioned conditions. Data on study design, intervention, outcomes, and key findings were extracted and synthesized narratively. Results: The review identified ten key studies that met the inclusion criteria. These studies collectively suggested that eugenol extracted from Ocimum plants exhibited significant antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and enhancing endogenous antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, eugenol demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects by modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting key inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB and COX. In the context of diabetes mellitus, studies indicated that eugenol could improve glucose metabolism by enhancing insulin sensitivity, protecting pancreatic beta cells, and inhibiting carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes. Conclusion: This systematic review provided a comprehensive overview of the pharmacological actions of eugenol extracted from Ocimum plants in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetes mellitus. The findings from the included studies supported the traditional uses of Ocimum species and highlighted the therapeutic potential of eugenol as a natural agent in managing these conditions. Further well-designed clinical trials are warranted to validate these preclinical findings and translate them into clinical applications.
Administration of Corosolic Acid Decreased MDA, HMG-CoA, Through Increased Leptin and GLP-1 Levels in Obese Male Rats Mochtar, Fransiska; Pangkahila, Wimpie I.; Dewi, I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra; Saraswati, Made Ratna; Azizah, Norma Nur Azizah
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 2 No. 03 (2023): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v2i03.204

Abstract

Obesity is a condition where excessive fat is accumulated, which poses a health risk. Several treatments for obesity have been carried out, ranging from lifestyle adjustments to medication to surgery. Corrosolic acid (CA) is a natural compound that has the potential to act as an obesity agent through many mechanisms, including through reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aims to prove that CA can reduce MDA levels and HMG-CoA reductase levels and increase leptin levels and GLP-1 levels in male Wistar rats with obesity. Wistar obese rats were orally treated with CA compound induction at a dose of 10 mg/Kg BW. MDA, HMG-CoA reductase, leptin and GLP-1 levels were examined using serum and plasma from mice in both groups of mice before and after treatment, using the ELISA method. CA to the treatment group can reduce the body weight of rat MDA levels significantly at p<0.0001, HMG-CoA reductase levels significantly at p<0.0001 and increase leptin and GLP-1 levels significantly at p<0.0001. CA's mechanism for treating obesity is through the ROS mechanism because CA has antioxidant levels that can capture free radicals in the body.CA has been proven to be an alternative drug in treating obesity by reducing body weight, MDA, and HMG-CoA levels and increasing leptin and GLP-1 levels in obese Wistar rats.
Diabetes Risk Allele of Transcription Factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) Polymorphisms is Associated with Higher Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP1) and Lower Insulin Secretion Saraswati, Made Ratna; Suastika, Ketut; Budhiarta, Anak Agung Gde; Oktavianthi, Suksma; Malik, Safarina G.
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i5.3202

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The most influential susceptible gene associated with diabetes, transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), has been observed in diverse populations. TCF7L2 influences type 2 diabetes risk through glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) production. The presence of risk allele of TCF7L2 leads to the alteration of gene expression in pancreatic beta cells; however, how the mechanism is related with GLP1 remains unclear. This study was conducted to explore the variations of GLP1 increment and insulin secretion between individuals with and without diabetes risk allele of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TCF7L2.METHODS: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted involving individuals subjects who harbored known variants of SNPs in the TCF7L2: heterozygote or mutant of rs12255372 (GT or TT), rs7903146 (CT or TT), rs10885406 (AG or GG); as well as control subjects with wild type of rs12255372 (GG), rs7903146 (CC), and rs10885406 (AA). Anthropometric parameters, blood glucose, insulin, and GLP1 were measured; and homeostasis model assessment-beta cell (HOMA-%B) index was calculated.RESULTS: The GLP1 increment response was higher in subjects carrying the diabetes risk allele (0.34±0.80 ng/mL) than those with the wild type (-0.04±0.57 ng/mL) (p=0.041). The HOMA-%B was reduced in subjects carrying the diabetes risk allele (71.64±24.72) than those with the wild type (103.23±68.00) (p=0.011). Among individuals carrying the diabetes risk allele, the likelihood of GLP1 increment with high response was twice as high (p=0.007), while the occurrence of low HOMA-%B was 1.47 more frequent (p=0.011).CONCLUSION: TCF7L2 polymorphisms were associated with the GLP1 increment response and reduced HOMA-%B, which might be potentially contributing to GLP1 resistance in patients with diabetes risk factors.KEYWORDS: diabetes risk, TCF7L2, GLP1, HOMA-%B
Analisis Ekonomi dan Dampak Pandemi COVID-19 terhadap Kunjungan Pasien Diabetes: Studi Kasus Poliklinik Pusat Diabetes RS Ngoerah, Bali, Indonesia Saraswati, Made Ratna; Ayuningtyas, Dumilah
Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 10, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted community activities, including social and economic aspects, as well as health behavior and healthcare services. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires continuous management to prevent chronic complications. Ngoerah Hospital (RS Ngoerah), Bali, Indonesia, is a type A hospital where DM patients generally present with complications. This study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on DM patient visits to the Diabetes Center Polyclinic at RS Ngoerah by considering economic aspects. This research is a retrospective study of patient visit data to the Diabetes Center Polyclinic at RS Ngoerah from 2019 to 2024, covering the time before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive analysis was carried out to observe changes in patient visits during each period. Furthermore, an aggregate analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between the number of patient visits and the number of detected COVID-19 cases, the COVID-19 pandemic timeline along with government regulations during the pandemic, and the economic condition reflected by the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Bali Province in the same year. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a decrease of up to 58.65% in DM patient visits to the Diabetes Center Polyclinic at Ngoerah Hospital. Directly, there was no significant correlation between the number of reported COVID-19 cases in Bali Province and the number of DM patient visits to the Diabetes Center Polyclinic at RS Ngoerah (r=0.262, p=0.155); however, other factors influencing the number of patient visits included government policies during the COVID-19 pandemic and the GRDP
Relationship between Interleukin 6 and Estradiol Levels in Obese and Adult Men Dwipayana, I Made Pande; Semadi, I Made Siswadi; Nugraha, Ida Bagus Aditya; Gotera, Wira; Saraswati, Made Ratna; Suastika, Ketut; Saraswati, Putu Ayu Indah
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 21, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v21i2.24498

Abstract

Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by a pathophysiological process that causes an increase in adipose tissue mass, leading to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are many conditions that allow the interaction between environmental factors and genes that lead to various metabolic disease complications, such as diabetes mellitus and heart attack. Health workers are at the forefront of managing obesity and its associated complications. The study was conducted at Ngoerah Hospital from March to October 2024. The target population in this study were adult male medical personnel with and without obesity, working at Ngurah Hospital. The inclusion criteria in this study: male health workers in the environment at Ngoerah Hospital aged 18-45 years and willing to participate in the study by signing informed consent. Exclusion criteria in this study were all male health workers with infectious or inflammatory diseases, and or suffering from malignancies or a history of chemotherapy, and or with the use of hormonal therapy. The sample size of the study was 64 subjects. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, a normality test using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, a comparison test using the Mann-Whitney U test, and a correlation test using the Spearman rank correlation. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Commission, approval number 1697/UN14.2.2.VII.14/LT/2024. The results of this study found that IL-6 and estradiol levels in the obese group were higher than the non-obese group, however, the differences were not statistically significant. This may be attributed to the relatively young age of the subjects and the absence of significant inflammation in the early stages of obesity. There was no significant correlation between IL-6 and estradiol in all subjects, obese and non-obese groups.
The Association between Thyroid Function with Bone Mineral Density in Hyperthyroid Patients at The Diabetic Center Clinic of RSUP Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah, Denpasar Katrin Wilentina Siahaan; Made Ratna Saraswati
MEDICINUS Vol. 39 No. 1 (2026): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/6h1hgs76

Abstract

Hyperthyroidism is a pathological condition caused by an excess of thyroid hormones synthesized and secreted by thyroid gland. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism remains significant worldwide. Hyperthyroidism affect both the resorption and formation phases by stimulating the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclast, shortening the bone remodeling time, and consequently leading to bone loss characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). Identifying the risk of osteoporosis and fractures in the hyperthyroid population requires research on the phenomenon of low bone mineral density values in hyperthyroid patients. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the association between thyroid function (TSHs and FT4) with BMD values in hyperthyroid patients. The observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on hyperthyroid patients undergoing outpatient treatment at the Diabetic Center Clinic at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, from January to May 2024, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, aged 18-50 years. This study evaluated TSHs and FT4 levels against BMD using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) bone scans on the femur and lumbar regions, expressed in Z-scores. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.23.0 through univariate and bivariate analysis. The analysis used Spearman correlation with p<0.05 considered significant. The median age of hyperthyroid patients in this study was 34 years (19-50) years, with 84.4% being women. The TSHs level was 0.22 ± 0.45 mIU/L and the FT4 level was 3.22 ± 3.16 ng/dL. Spearman correlation showed no correlation between TSHs levels (r=0.138; p=0.452) and a negative correlation between FT4 levels (r=-0.426; p=0.015) with the average BMD (Z-score), indicating that the higher FT4 levels, then the bone mineral density value gets lower in hyperthyroid patients. This study demonstrates association between FT4 levels and bone mineral density in hyperthyroid patients, while TSHs levels showed no association with BMD in hyperthyroid patients.
Diagnostic Problems and Monitoring Of Diabetes Mellitus In Patients With Aplastic Anemia and Hypoalbuminemia Gautama M, Putu Gizha Satrya; Saraswati, Made Ratna
Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains Vol. 6 No. 12 (2025): Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/jiss.v6i12.2075

Abstract

Aplastic anemia is a clinical syndrome that occurs due to bone marrow failure. One of the most common metabolic complications is diabetes mellitus (DM). The emergence of DM allegedly caused by damage of pancreatic β cells due to accumulation of Fe post-transfusion as well as longterm steroid treatment during the patient's care. This case reported a 41-year-old male patient with steroid-resistant aplastic anemia since 8 years ago, exceeding iron, and moderate malnutrition with hypoalbuminemia. He routinely received red blood cell transfusions and steroid therapy. Since 3 months ago the patient felt classic DM symtomps. Initial laboratory examination found there were normochromic normocytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Hyperglycemia, hypoalbuminemia, high glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels, and normal glycated albumin (GA) levels were also obtained. Patient was diagnosed with DM. He was treated with medical nutrition therapy, red blood cell transfusion, human albumin transfusion, insulin, and his blood glucose were monitored regularly. Monitoring of glycemic control in DM patients is essential since DM is a chronic disease. In this case, the patient’s glycemic control assessment was using a combination of several methods and biomarkers, such as HbA1C, GA, and eAG (fasting glucose and post prandial glucose).
Co-Authors A.A Sagung Ika Nuriska A.A.Gde Budhiarta Agus Santosa Ake, Anselmus Anak Agung Gde Budhiarta Anak Agung Gde Budhiarta Anak Agung Gede Ari Nanda Bhaswara Anak Agung Gede Budhiarta Anak Agung Gede Mahaindra Putra Andika Budiartha, Putu Gede Azizah, Norma Nur Azizah Bondan Winarno Budhiarta, Anak Agung Gde Budi Ratna Aryani David Dharmawan Harjanto Devinta, Made Ratih Santi Dewa Ayu Sri Agung Suandewi Dewi, Putu Feby Miswari Dumilah Ayuningtyas Eti Kurniaty Gautama M, Putu Gizha Satrya Gede Agung Widya Iswara Gede Andrewartha Gozali, Theodorus Onesiforus Herawati Sudoyo I Gde Raka Widiana I Gde Suranaya Pandit I Gusti Ayu Sri Mahendra Dewi I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika I Gusti Putu Suka Aryana I Ketut Suastika I Ketut Sustika I Made Ady Wirawan I Made Bagiada I Made Pande Dwipayana I Made Siswadi Semadi I Made Siswadi Semadi I Made Siswadi Semadi I Made Yoga Prabawa I Wayan Eka Satriawibawa I Wayan Hartadi Noor I Wayan Losen Adnyana I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Sudhana I Wayan Sumardika I. K. Suastika Ida Bagus Aditya Nugraha Ida Bagus Yorky Brahmantya Isabella Soerjanto Putri K Suastika Kadek Dina Puspitasari Kartadinata, Sarah Levina Katrin Wilentina Siahaan Ketut Suega Komang Agus Wira Nugraha Laksmi, Putu Pradnyasanti Made Ayu Devi Pita Loka Made Yogi Krisnanda Malik, Safarina G. Marisye Christantia Mayura, I Gusti Ngurah Mochtar, Fransiska Muhammad Aris Sugiharso Ni Ketut Rai Purnami Ni Luh Made Novi Ratnasari Ni Luh Putri Kresnasari Ni Made Sintia Anggia Sari Nym Astika Nyoman Arya Shridewi Abhigamika Oktavianthi, Suksma Pande Ayu Naya Kasih Permatananda Parastan, Rovie Hikari Prichilia Sarah Permadi R. Prawira Bayu Putra Dewa Ratih Pradnyandari Pemayun Rena, Ni Made Renny Anggreni Rheza Priyadi Rooseno, Ratna Rayeni Natasha Rusditha, Sarah - S., Hantono Safarina G. Malik Saraswati, Putu Ayu Indah Savitri, Putu Dian Hermawati Sari Sukma Oktavianthi Surya Sanjaya Funistera Susy Purnawati Tuty Kuswardani Wan Muhamad Syafiq Wardana, Rr. Cattleya Allayka Wimpie I Pangkahila Wira Gotera ¬Ni Putu Ade Tiwi Tyastarini Tyastarini