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In Vitro Analysis of Effectiveness Clove Leaf Extract (Syzygium aromaticum) Against Anthracnose Disease (Colletotrichum capsici) on Chili Plants (Capsicum annum L) Mahendra, Syah Maulana; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Choliq, Fery Abdul
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2022.003.2.4

Abstract

Chili (Capsicum annum L) is a plant with a high economic value and is in great demand by the Indonesian people. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the difference in the concentration of clove leaf extract in inhibiting anthracnose disease in chili. This research was conducted from February to April 2022. This research used the Complete Randomized Design (CRD) method with six treatments and four replications. The treatment used in this research was the difference in the concentration of clove leaf extract, namely 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%. The research showed that clove leaf extract could inhibit the growth of C. capsici, which caused anthracnose disease in chili. In vitro tests showed that the concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% of clove leaf extract significantly differed from all treatments and had fungicidal properties against C. capsici. In conclusion, the research results showed that the effective concentration in inhibiting the growth of C. capsici, which causes anthracnose disease in chili, is the concentration of clove leaf extract 3%, 4%, and 5%.
Effectiveness of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaf Extract in Suppressing The Growth of Xanthomonas oryzae and The Occurrence of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease in Rice Plant (Oryza sativa) Khotimah, Dwi Kusnul; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Choliq, Fery Abdul
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2023.004.1.4

Abstract

Rice, as a staple food, is widely produced across Indonesia. However, bacterial leaf blight (BLB) in rice is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) has been reported to cause significant crop yield losses. The continuous use of chemical bactericides to control BLB is not environmentally sustainable. This study investigated the potential of the Binahong plant as a botanical pesticide to suppress the growth of Xoo bacteria. Binahong is readily available in Indonesia and can be propagated generatively and vegetatively. The research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experimental method to evaluate the effectiveness of Binahong leaf extract against Xoo pathogens in vitro at various concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%) alongside positive and negative controls. In-vivo observations were made on several parameters: seed germination percentage, disease incidence, incubation period, and plant length. Data analysis revealed that Binahong leaf extract inhibited the growth of Xoo bacterial colonies in vitro at all tested concentrations (0.5% to 2%). Furthermore, soaking rice seeds in Binahong leaf extract was effective in vivo at all concentrations, demonstrating significant differences compared to the negative control and no significant differences compared to the positive control.
Potential of Siam Weed Leaves (Chromolaena odorata) in Suppressing Anthracnose Disease (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) in In Vitro Mayasari, Paulina Akita; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Choliq, Fery Abdul
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2023.004.2.2

Abstract

Anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) is one of the important diseases in shallots. Generally, farmers use synthetic fungicides. Thus, Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) leaf extract can be used to reduce it because it has antifungal compounds. This study aimed to examine the effect of siam weed leaf extract on the growth of C. gloeosporioides and its antifungal compounds. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD). It would be continued with the SRD test at the 5% level if the result was significantly different. Treatment consisted of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% Siam weed leaf extract with four replications. Bioactive compounds in siam weed leaves were tested by the UPT Herbal Materia Medica Batu Laboratory and Chem-Mix Pratama Laboratory, Yogyakarta. Probit analysis was also used to obtain the LC50 value. The results showed that 10% concentration was the most effective treatment because it produced a fungicidal effect on C. gloeosporioides. However, a 2.09% concentration of siam weed leaf extract was able to cause 50% of C. gloeosporioides' mortality. In addition, siam weed leaf extract contains antifungal compounds, such as tannins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins.
Effect of Application of Guava Leaf Extract (Psidium guajava L.) on Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Attack on Red Chili (Capsici annum L.) Yugista, Serdinia; Martosudiro, Mintarto; Choliq, Fery Abdul
Journal of Tropical Plant Protection Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtpp.2023.004.2.3

Abstract

Red chili (Capsici annum L.) is a significant horticultural commodity widely consumed in Indonesia. From 2016 to 2020, red chili production consistently increased, reaching 1,264,190 tons in 2020. Despite this growth, certain regions still face production shortfalls relative to consumption needs. A major challenge in red chili cultivation is the Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV), which remains difficult to control as no pesticides currently target plant viruses directly. This study investigated the impact of guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava L.) on the incubation period, severity of TMV infection, and growth parameters in red chili plants. The experiment utilized a complete randomized design comprising six treatments with four replications, each involving two plants. The results indicate that four applications of guava leaf extract extended the TMV incubation period to 19.25 days post-inoculation and reduced attack intensity by 4.93%. Additionally, this treatment enhanced plant growth, evidenced by increased plant height and leaf number, and was the only treatment classified as resistant compared to other tested methods.
Efficacy of Biofungicide with Active Ingredients Trichoderma sp. Against Late Blight Disease (Phytophthora infestans) in Potato Plants Abadi, Abdul Latief; Trianti, Irisa; Choliq, Fery Abdul; Sektiono, Antok Wahyu; Yulianti, Novi Dwi
Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Panji Sakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37637/ab.v7i1.1591

Abstract

The cultivation of potatoes in Indonesia faces challenges, particularly a decline in production attributed to the devastating impact of late blight caused by the fungus P. infestans. Traditional control methods involve the frequent use of chemical pesticides, which pose environmental and health risks. To address this, the research aimed to assess the efficacy of biofungicide containing Trichoderma sp. as a biological agent in controlling late blight on potatoes. The study, conducted in Sumberbrantas Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City, East Java, and the plant disease laboratory at Brawijaya University from January to April 2023, employed both in vivo and in vitro experiments. A Randomized Block Design (RBD) was used for in vivo research, while a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed for in vitro studies, each comprising five concentration treatments with five repetitions. Parameters such as disease intensity, efficacy level, potato production, and biofungicide inhibition were observed. Analysis of variance and the Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test were applied to the data and processed using Microsoft Excel. The results indicated that biofungicide with Trichoderma sp. concentrations of 6 ml/l, 4.5 ml/l, 3 ml/l, and 1.5 ml/l effectively reduced the intensity of late blight on potatoes, with efficacy levels exceeding 50%. The highest potato production occurred with a concentration of 6 ml/l, yielding 15.44 tons/ha, followed by 14.67 tons/ha for the 4.5 ml/l concentration. The biofungicide with a concentration of 6 ml/l exhibited the lowest disease intensity at 14.28% and the highest efficacy at 83.08%. Inhibition tests demonstrated that concentrations of 6 ml/l and 4.5 ml were highly effective, inhibiting P. infestans growth by an average of 62.04% and 59.90%, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of biofungicide with Trichoderma sp. in managing late blight on potatoes, providing a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides.
Peran Trichoderma spp. sebagai Agen Biokontrol pada Penyakit Rebah Semai dan Biostimulan Kedelai: The Role of Trichoderma spp. as a Biocontrol Agent of Damping Off Disease and Soybean Biostimulant Maknunin, Lu'lu'il; Abdul Latief Abadi; Fery Abdul Choliq
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 6 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.6.304-314

Abstract

The Role of Trichoderma spp. as a Biocontrol Agent of Damping Off Disease and Soybean Biostimulant   Domestic demand for soybeans in Indonesia continues to increase each year, yet the average production has declined. To meet national needs, the government must even import soybeans. One of the causes of low soybean production is damage from plant pests and diseases, particularly damping-off caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, which can lead to total plant death under severe infection. One promising, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective approach to disease management is the use of biological control agents such as Trichoderma spp., which function not only as biocontrol agents but also as biostimulants. This research was conducted at the Plant Pest and Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University and Central Laboratory of BALITKABI for in vitro experiments and in vivo study located at a greenhouse of Agriculture Experimental Land Brawijaya University, Jatimulyo, Lowokwaru, Malang. A completely randomized design was used with five treatments and five replications. Applications of Trichoderma harzianum and T. asperellum, either individually or in combination, successfully reduced the incidence and severity of damping-off disease by 14% to 26.6% under field conditions. These treatments also increased the total phenolic content of the plants, indicating enhanced resistance, thus supporting the role of Trichoderma as an effective biocontrol agent. In addition, the combined application of Trichoderma species significantly increased the number of soybean leaves, indicating a biostimulant effect.
BIOAKTIVITAS PESTISIDA BATANG BROTOWALI TERHADAP MORTALITAS HAMA Aphis gossypii (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) PADA TANAMAN KAILAN (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra): BIOACTIVITY OF BROTOWALI STEM BIOPESTICIDE ON THE MORTALITY OF Aphis gossypii (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) ON CHINESE KALE (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) Margaretha, Ayunda; Ikawati, Silvi; Choliq, Fery Abdul; Mustofa, Oki; Setyaningrum, Sekar Putri
Jurnal HPT (Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan) Vol. 13 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jurnalhpt.2025.013.4.2

Abstract

Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) merupakan hama penting pada tanaman kailan (Brassica oleracea var. Alboglabra). Pengendalian A. gossypii pada tanaman kailan dengan menggunakan pestisida sintetik berbahan aktif Chlorpyrifos secara tidak bijaksana akan menimbulkan banyak dampak negatif pada lingkungan. Alternatif pengendalian hama A. gossypii yang ramah lingkungan adalah menggunakan pestisida nabati batang brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak batang brotowali terhadap mortalitas dan persentase penurunan jumlah keturunan hama A. gossypii serta menganalisa nilai LC50 dan LT50 dari ekstrak batang brotowali terhadap hama A. gossypii pada tanaman kailan. Penelitian bioaktivitas pestisida batang brotowali terhadap hama A. gossypii pada tanaman kailan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdapat tujuh perlakuan dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak batang brotowali mengandung senyawa aktif flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, dan tanin/fenol. Ekstrak batang brotowali menghasilkan nilai LC50 pada pengamatan 48 JSA sebesar 12% dan LT50 pada konsentrasi 10% sebesar 43 jam. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak batang brotowali dengan konsentrasi 90% paling efektif dalam meningkatkan persentase mortalitas serta persentase penurunan jumlah keturunan hama A. gossypii.
Mekanisme Antagonisme Beberapa Isolat Jamur Endofit terhadap Patogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa pada Tanaman Anggrek Dendrobium secara In Vitro Alifia, Reva Yunisa; Abadi, Abdul Latief; Choliq, Fery Abdul
Plantropica: Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Tanaman anggrek merupakan salah satu tanaman hias yang disukai masyarakat. Produksi anggrek dari tahun 2018 hingga 2020 semakin menurun, diduga karena adanya serangan penyakit antraknosa. Pengendalian hayati yang digunakan dalam menekan pertumbuhan patogen antraknosa yaitu dengan menggunakan jamur endofit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi jamur endofit yang paling efektif dalam mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa oleh patogen C. gloeosporioides pada tanaman anggrek Dendrobium. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang akan diberikan yaitu C0 : tanpa perlakuan (kontrol), C1 : Perlakuan C. gloeosporioides + Trichoderma sp., C2 : Perlakuan C. gloeosporioides + Aspergillus sp., C3 : Perlakuan C. gloeosporioides + Gliocladium sp., dan C4 : Perlakuan C. gloeosporioides + Penicillium sp. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Gliocladium sp. memiliki daya hambat tertinggi pada uji antagonis dengan metode dual culture. Keempat isolat memiliki daya hambat diatas 50%. Hasil pengamatan mekanisme antagonisme secara makroskopis, seluruh isolat memiliki mekanisme kompetisi karena kemampuannya dalam memenuhi cawan petri untuk mendapatkan ruang dan nutrisi. Secara mikroskopis, terlihat adanya mekanisme antibiosis dan parasitisme pada beberapa isolat yang dicirikan dengan hifa patogen mengalami lisis dan terdegradasi akibat senyawa atau enzim yang dikeluarkan oleh hifa jamur endofit.
Molecular Characterization of a Rigid Rod-Shaped Virus Isolated from Frangipani (Plumeria sp.) Showing Mosaic Symptom in Taiwan Choliq, Fery Abdul; Chen, Tsang-Hai; Sulistyowati, Liliek
The Journal of Experimental Life Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1118.483 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jels.2016.007.01.01

Abstract

Frangipani is an important succulent plant around the worlds and also in Taiwan, for example, Plumeria rubra is widely grown as a popular ornamental tree in parks and landscaped establishments in Taiwan. Recently, a new disease in frangipani with mosaic and distortion symptoms was found in Taiwan. No viruses caused frangipani disease has been reported in Taiwan and the references about frangipani disease are still limited and only Frangipani mosaic virus (FrMV) was found. In this study, the molecular properties of a virus isolated from symptomatic frangipani in south Taiwan, such as Pingtung, Kauhsiung and Tainan were investigated. The virus with rod-shaped particles of 300 nm long and 18 nm in diameter was examined inside diseased leaves by electron microscopy. The purified virus particles showed the typical UV spectrum of tobamoviruses with A260/A280 value of 1.29 and maximum and minimum absorption at 260 nm and 249 nm, respectively. The molecular weight of 19.5 kDa as the size of coat protein of tobamoviruses was estimated by sodium dedocyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). Furthermore, the degenerate primers for tobamoviruses were used to amplify 568 bp and 400 bp of the DNA fragments in RT-PCR and nested PCR, respectively. Based on these results, it was confirmed that the rigid rod-shaped virus isolated from mosaic symptom of frangipani leaves is an isolate of FrMV, belonging to the genus Tobamovirus. This is the first report thatFrMV infecting Plumeria sp. in Taiwan.Keywords: Frangipani plant, FrMV, mosaic disease, Tobamovirus.