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Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi
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The Formulation Policy of the Death Penalty in the New Criminal Code and Its Problems regarding the Principle of the Right to Life as a Non Derogable Right Sonya Evalin Br. Silalahi; Sumarno Sumarno; Suci Ramadani; Andronius Basado Siahaan; Martinus Bosko Sinaga
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): Continued
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v5i2.1821

Abstract

The dynamics of the death penalty in Indonesia have undergone significant changes in tandem with the revision of the Criminal Code (KUHP). The death penalty is the oldest form of punishment, involving the taking of the life of a perpetrator of a serious crime, and has been part of the Indonesian legal system from the era of kingdoms to the modern era. The implementation of the death penalty in Indonesia has evolved, ranging from traditional methods to executions by firing squad in accordance with statutory regulations. The reform of criminal law in Indonesia has become an increasingly urgent necessity in light of social developments, technological advancements, and the increasingly complex and diverse nature of crime. Law No. 1 of 2023 on the new Criminal Code (KUHP) serves as a comprehensive effort to replace the colonial-era Criminal Code and align the national criminal justice system with the current conditions of Indonesian society. This study aims to examine the current policy on the formulation of the death penalty in Indonesia’s criminal legislation and to analyze the envisioned legal framework regarding the death penalty in Indonesia for the future. The application of this punishment has sparked a heated debate between those who support it viewing the death penalty as a deterrent and an exceptional tool for crime prevention—and those who oppose it on the grounds of human rights violations and the risk of injustice. The methodology used in this study is juridical-normative, utilizing secondary data from legal regulations, literature, and academic journals. The approach applied is a conceptual one, analyzing the discussion from the perspective of relevant theories and concepts. The analysis is conducted qualitatively by examining the application of the death penalty model from the perspective of criminal law theory. This approach reflects an orientation toward rehabilitation and respect for human rights.
Criminal Liability of Corporations for Environmental Pollution in Indonesia Bima Agung Wibowo; Sumarno Sumarno; Suci Ramadani
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v5i2.2083

Abstract

Indonesia is a country governed by the rule of law; therefore, the state must prioritize all forms of the legal system as the foundation for governing the nation. The functioning of the state affects several aspects of life, one of which is criminal offenses against the environment committed by corporations. Corporations can be either legal entities or non-legal entities that possess the same rights and obligations as legal subjects. Criminal offenses committed by corporations have affected environmental stability, which in turn impacts society. As perpetrators, corporations must be held accountable for all forms of environmental damage. Environmental damage caused by corporations can take the form of contamination, pollution, and other acts. Consequently, environmental law works in conjunction with criminal law to address cases involving legal actions by these legal entities. This study analyzes criminal law in holding corporations accountable as perpetrators of environmental pollution in Indonesia. The issue of environmental pollution by corporations has become a serious concern due to its massive and complex impacts on ecosystems and sustainable development. Although the Indonesian legal system—particularly through Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management (UUPPLH) and the new Criminal Code (Law No. 1 of 2023) has explicitly recognized corporations as subjects of criminal law, the effectiveness of enforcement.
PENTINGNYA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI TENAGA MEDIS DAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DALAM PRAKTIK PELAYANAN KESEHATAN Taufik Haryadi; Sumarno Sumarno; Irsyam Risdawati
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4160

Abstract

Abstract: Legal protection is very important to ensure a sense of security, work comfort, and legal certainty for health workers in carrying out their duties optimally and in accordance with professional ethical standards. This study was conducted to examine the urgency of legal protection for medical personnel and health workers in health service practices in Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a normative-juridical method. Data was obtained through literature studies, analysis of relevant laws and regulations. This approach is used to identify the forms of legal protection that are already available and the extent to which they are being applied in the field. The main problem found in this study is the weak implementation of legal protection for health workers. Many cases show that medical personnel are the most vulnerable parties when a medical dispute occurs, although it is not necessarily legal negligence. The lack of legal assistance, the lack of understanding of medical personnel of their legal rights, and weak protection regulations at the institutional level exacerbate this situation. The results of the study show that legal protection must be preventive and curative. Preventively, there needs to be regular legal education and professional ethics training for health workers. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the importance of legal protection for medical personnel and health workers is not only to protect the interests of individuals, but also to maintain the quality of health services as a whole.  Keywords: Legal Protection, Medical Personnel, Health Services. Abstrak: Perlindungan hukum menjadi sangat penting untuk menjamin rasa aman, kenyamanan kerja, serta kepastian hukum bagi para tenaga kesehatan dalam menjalankan tugasnya secara maksimal dan sesuai dengan standar etika profesi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji urgensi perlindungan hukum terhadap tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan dalam praktik pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode normatif-yuridis. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka, analisis peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan. Pendekatan ini digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk perlindungan hukum yang telah tersedia dan sejauh mana penerapannya di lapangan. Permasalahan utama yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah masih lemahnya implementasi perlindungan hukum terhadap tenaga kesehatan. Banyak kasus menunjukkan bahwa tenaga medis menjadi pihak yang paling rentan ketika terjadi sengketa medis, meskipun belum tentu terjadi kelalaian secara hukum. Minimnya pendampingan hukum, kurangnya pemahaman tenaga medis terhadap hak-hak hukumnya, serta lemahnya regulasi perlindungan di tingkat institusi memperburuk situasi ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan hukum harus bersifat preventif dan kuratif. Secara preventif, perlu ada edukasi hukum dan pelatihan etika profesi secara rutin kepada tenaga kesehatan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menekankan bahwa pentingnya perlindungan hukum bagi tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan bukan hanya untuk menjaga kepentingan individu, tetapi juga untuk menjaga kualitas pelayanan kesehatan secara keseluruhan. Kata kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Tenaga Medis, Pelayanan Kesehatan
KEPASTIAN HUKUM DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN MELINDUNGI TENAGA MEDIS Phonna Ridha; Sumarno Sumarno; Marice Simarmata
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4179

Abstract

Abstract: The phenomenon of increasing criminalization of medical personnel in various cases in Indonesia raises concerns about legal certainty in the health world. Therefore, it is important to examine how the national legal system provides fair and balanced protection for medical personnel in carrying out their duties. This research uses normative juridical methods, with legislative, conceptual, and case study approaches. The data used includes related laws and regulations, legal literature, and medical professional documents. This approach aims to analyze the legal norms that govern the protection of medical personnel, as well as identify legal gaps or disharmonized norms that have the potential to hinder legal certainty. The results of the study show that although there are a number of regulations such as the Medical Practice Law, the Hospital Law, and the Criminal Code, the implementation of legal protection for medical personnel still faces challenges. Different interpretations of the law by law enforcement officials, as well as patients' ignorance of medical procedures, often cause medical personnel to become vulnerable parties. In addition, the non-optimal role of the Indonesian Medical Discipline Honorary Council (MKDKI) in separating the ethical and criminal realms has also muddy law enforcement in the health sector. In conclusion, legal certainty for medical personnel can only be realized through strengthening regulations that affirm the limits of legal responsibility of medical personnel, as well as the need for alignment between criminal law instruments and professional ethics. Legal education for the community and increased competence of law enforcement officials in understanding the medical context are also needed.  Keywords: Legal certainty, medical personnel, legal protection. Abstrak: Fenomena meningkatnya kriminalisasi tenaga medis dalam berbagai kasus di Indonesia menimbulkan kekhawatiran akan kepastian hukum dalam dunia kesehatan. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk menelaah bagaimana sistem hukum nasional memberikan perlindungan yang adil dan seimbang terhadap tenaga medis dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus. Data yang digunakan adalah mencakup peraturan perundang-undangan terkait,  literatur hukum, dan dokumen profesional medis. Pendekatan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis norma hukum yang mengatur perlindungan tenaga medis, serta mengidentifikasi kekosongan hukum atau disharmonisasi norma yang berpotensi menghambat kepastian hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa walaupun terdapat sejumlah regulasi seperti Undang-Undang Praktik Kedokteran, Undang-Undang Rumah Sakit, dan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, namun implementasi perlindungan hukum terhadap tenaga medis masih menghadapi tantangan. Interpretasi hukum yang berbeda oleh aparat penegak hukum, serta ketidaktahuan pasien terhadap prosedur medis, sering kali menyebabkan tenaga medis menjadi pihak yang rentan. Selain itu, belum optimalnya peran Majelis Kehormatan Disiplin Kedokteran Indonesia (MKDKI) dalam memisahkan ranah etik dan pidana turut memperkeruh penegakan hukum di bidang kesehatan. Sebagai kesimpulan, kepastian hukum bagi tenaga medis hanya dapat terwujud melalui penguatan regulasi yang menegaskan batas tanggung jawab hukum tenaga medis, serta perlunya penyelarasan antara instrumen hukum pidana dan etik profesi. Diperlukan pula edukasi hukum bagi masyarakat dan peningkatan kompetensi aparat penegak hukum dalam memahami konteks medis. Kata kunci: Kepastian Hukum, Tenaga Medis, Perlindungan Hukum.
KAJIAN HUKUM KESEHATAN DALAM PENGGUNAAN TELEDENTISTRY BAGI DOKTER GIGI DI INDONESIA Siti Aminah Hasibuan; Marice Simarmata; Sumarno Sumarno
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4184

Abstract

Abstract: The current development of digital technology in the health sector has given rise to the innovation of teledentistry services that allow remote consultations between dentists and patients. In Indonesia, the use of teledentistry is increasing, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic as an alternative to conventional services. However, the adaptation of these services poses various legal challenges, such as legal certainty over the professional responsibilities of dentists, the protection of patient data, and the validity of online diagnoses. This background encourages the need for in-depth legal studies to ensure that the practice of teledentistry runs in accordance with applicable laws and regulations and ensures legal protection for all parties involved. This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of health related to the use of teledentistry by dentists in Indonesia. The method used is a normative approach with analysis of relevant regulations such as the Law on Medical Practice, the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions, as well as the Regulation of the Indonesian Medical Council and the Code of Ethics for Dentistry. The results of the study show that although there is no legal principle against the practice of teledentistry, there are still legal gaps and regulatory inconsistencies that can cause legal doubts for dentists in carrying out the practice, especially in technical regulations or clear operational guidelines.  Keywords: Teledentistry, Dentistry, Health Law. Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi digital saat ini dalam bidang kesehatan memunculkan inovasi layanan teledentistry yang memungkinkan konsultasi dengan jarak jauh antara dokter gigi dan pasien. Di Indonesia, penggunaan teledentistry semakin meningkat terutama selama masa pandemi COVID-19 sebagai alternatif layanan konvensional. Namun, adaptasi layanan ini menimbulkan berbagai tantangan hukum, seperti kepastian hukum atas tanggung jawab profesional dokter gigi, perlindungan data pasien, serta validitas diagnosis secara daring. Latar belakang tersebut mendorong perlunya kajian hukum yang mendalam untuk memastikan bahwa praktik teledentistry berjalan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku serta menjamin perlindungan hukum bagi seluruh pihak yang terlibat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek hukum kesehatan yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan teledentistry oleh dokter gigi di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif dengan analisis terhadap regulasi yang relevan seperti Undang-Undang Praktik Kedokteran, Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, serta Peraturan Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia dan Kode Etik Kedokteran Gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun secara prinsip hukum tidak ada larangan terhadap praktik teledentistry, masih terdapat kekosongan hukum dan ketidaksesuaian regulasi yang dapat menimbulkan keraguan hukum bagi para dokter gigi dalam menjalankan praktik tersebut terutama dalam peraturan teknis atau pedoman operasional yang jelas. Kata Kunci: Teledentistry, Dokter Gigi, Hukum Kesehatan
Tinjaun Yuridis Tindak Pidana Perselingkuhan Dalam Perspektif UU Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana Fadia Sadrina Darus; Aulia Rahman Hakim Hasibuan; Sumarno
Judge : Jurnal Hukum Vol. 7 No. 01 (2026): Judge : Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Cattleya Darmaya Fortuna

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54209/judge.v7i01.2665

Abstract

Perselingkuhan merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang tidak hanya berdampak pada keutuhan rumah tangga, tetapi juga berkaitan dengan pelanggaran terhadap norma hukum, moral, dan kesusilaan yang berlaku dalam masyarakat. Dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia, perselingkuhan dikualifikasikan sebagai tindak pidana perzinaan yang mengalami perubahan pengaturan melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP Baru). Perubahan tersebut menimbulkan berbagai perdebatan mengenai ruang lingkup pengaturan, efektivitas penegakan hukum, serta perbandingan dengan ketentuan dalam KUHP Lama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tinjauan yuridis terhadap tindak pidana perselingkuhan dalam perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana serta bagaimana kelemahan dan kelebihan pengaturan perselingkuhan antara KUHP Baru dan KUHP Lama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan tindak pidana perselingkuhan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 memberikan perluasan cakupan dibandingkan dengan KUHP Lama melalui Pasal 411 yang mengatur perzinaan sebagai delik aduan absolut dengan tetap memperhatikan perlindungan terhadap nilai kesusilaan dan institusi perkawinan.
Criminal Liability For The Misuse Of Personal Data: A Comparative Study Of Decision Number 628/PID.SUS/2020/PN.BTM And Number 541/PID.SUS/2022/PN.MDN Concerning Cybercrimes Rifqi Fairuz Ula; Abdul Rahman Maulana Siregar; Sumarno Sumarno
Social Sciences Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Dehasen Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37676/sosj.v3i2.1852

Abstract

This study endeavors to scrutinize the criminal liability pertinent to the misuse of personal data as adjudicated in Decision Number 628/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Btm and Decision Number 541/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Mdn, specifically evaluated through the lens of the digital evidentiary system. Furthermore, it analyzes the congruence of this evidentiary framework with the evidentiary stipulations delineated in Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code (the new KUHAP). The methodology employed is normative legal research, utilizing both a statutory approach and a case approach. Data analysis was executed qualitatively by meticulously processing and interpreting legal materials via a descriptive-analytical methodology. The findings reveal a discernible variance in interpretation and the trajectory of judicial reasoning (ratio decidendi) when appraising elements of unlawful acts, mens rea, and the probative value of electronic evidence within cybercrime adjudications. These divergent approaches are precipitated by a confluence of normative, juridical (case construction), and non-juridical variables. Ultimately, this comparative analysis elucidates the dichotomy between normative ideals (das Sollen) and judicial realities (das Sein), proposing recommendations for standardized legal enforcement to safeguard legal certainty and equity in the digital epoch.
Legal Analysis Of Criminal Liability In The Case Of Premeditated Murder Motivated By Infidelity Based On Court Decision Number (1100/Pid. B/2024/Pn. Mdn) Yohanes Reston N.A Laia; Abdul Rahman M. Siregar; Sumarno Sumarno
Social Sciences Journal Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Dehasen Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37676/sosj.v3i2.1855

Abstract

The crime of murder is the most serious offense in criminal law because it directly violates the most fundamental human right, namely the right to life. One of the motives that often underlies premeditated murder is adultery, which triggers emotional conflict, jealousy, and revenge. This study aims to analyze the elements of premeditated murder and the criminal liability of perpetrators in cases of premeditated murder motivated by adultery based on the Medan District Court Decision of the State of Medan Number 1100/Pid.B/2024/PN.Mdn. The author uses a normative juridical legal research method with a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The legal materials used include primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are analyzed qualitatively and normatively. Adultery as a motive cannot be used as a justification or excuse, but in judicial practice it can influence the judge's consideration in imposing a sentence. The verdict imposing a prison sentence of 12 years shows that the judge considered the emotional aspects and background of the perpetrator, even though this has sparked debate regarding the fulfillment of the principles of justice, legal certainty, and benefit.
Co-Authors Abdul Rahman M. Siregar Abdul Rahman Maulana Siregar Ahmad Irham Tajhi Alfonso Pahala Manihuruk Andronius Basado Siahaan Aries Kata Ginting Aulia Rahman Hakim Hasibuan Bambang Agus Pariyono Batua Hamonangan Beni Satria Bima Agung Wibowo Chairuni Nasution Daniel Naibaho Devi Nur Anisa Doni Sabdan Tanjung Edwin Syarizal Pohan Eka Fitri Lestari Fadia Sadrina Darus Gian Randa Juangsah Henry Aspan Hilbertus Sumplisius M. Wau Husna Farisah Irsyam Ridawati Irsyam Risdawati Ismaidar I, Ismaidar Ismaidar Ismaidar Ismawan Adrianto Khairudin Siregar Leonard Lidya Rahmadhani Hasibuan M. Adnan Marice Simarmata Martinus Bosko Sinaga Martinus Bosko Sinaga Marzuki Maya Sari Novita Muhamad Ilham Muhammad Fadly Abdina Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Iqbal Rifai Phonna Ridha Redyanto Sidi Reyhand Parlindungan Ricky Pratama Ginting Rifqi Fairuz Ula Rita Nofianti Ronnie Juliandri Siti Aminah Hasibuan Sonya Evalin Br. Silalahi Suci Ramadani Suci Ramadani Suci Ramadhani Syahranuddin Syaiful Asmi Hasibuan Taufik Haryadi Tengku Riza Zarzani N Yohanes Reston N.A Laia Zulkifli Lubis