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All Journal Medicina E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Sari Pediatri Paediatrica Indonesiana Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (MCBS) ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran World Nutrition Journal Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive
I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha
Department Of Child Health, Medical Faculty, Udayana University
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Angka insiden dan faktor risiko malnutrisi rumah sakit pada anak rawat inap di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, Indonesia Anak Agung Ratna Purnama Santhi; I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha; I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Pratiwi
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.56 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.1107

Abstract

Background: Nutritional support is an important aspect of the clinical management of hospitalized children. Several factors contribute to prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized children and it can led to deterioration of nutritional status. Research on factors related to malnutrition in pediatric hospitalized patients is still limited, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the incidence rate and risk factors of malnutrition in hospitalized children at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.Methods: This study was a prospective analytic observational study in children who underwent hospitalization in class II and III inpatient rooms for the period August 2020-February 2021. Inclusion criteria were pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years who were hospitalized for at least 48 hours and had complete medical records. Samples were taken by consecutive sampling until the number of subjects was met. A significant variable is a variable that has a p-value <0.05. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: A total of 95 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The incidence of hospital malnutrition was 28%. The risk factors associated with hospital malnutrition were fever, diarrhea and vomiting. Multiple diagnosis, acute and chronic malnutrition, low maternal education, surgical and medical departments also contribute to hospital malnutrition. The results of multivariate analysis were acute malnutrition and length of stay as independent risk factors for hospital malnutrition (OR, 3.843; 95% CI, 1.762-5.431; p=0.005) and length of stay (OR, 5.791; 95% CI, 2.157-6.491; p=0.026)Conclusion: The incidence of patients with hospital malnutrition in children at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar is 28%. Acute malnutrition and length of stay are independent risk factors for malnutrition during hospitalization. Latar belakang: Dukungan nutrisi adalah aspek penting dalam manajemen klinis anak yang dirawat di rumah sakit. Beberapa faktor berkontribusi terhadap meluasnya malnutrisi pada anak yang dirawat di rumah sakit dan menyebabkan eksaserbasi status gizi.  Penelitian mengenai faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan malnutrisi pada pasien pediatri yang menjalani rawat inap masih sangatlah terbatas khususnya di Indonesia meskipun memiliki urgensi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi angka insiden dan faktor risiko malnutrisi rumah sakit pada anak rawat inap di RSUP Sanglah, Bali, IndonesiaMetode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik pada anak dengan metode penelitian kohort prospektif yang menjalani rawat inap di ruang rawat inap kelas II dan III periode bulan Agustus 2020-Februari 2021. Kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien anak berusia 1 hingga 18 tahun, menjalani rawat inap di RS minimal 48 jam, dan memiliki catatan medis yang lengkap. sampel diambil secara konsekutif sampai jumlah subyek terpenuhi. Variabel yang signifikan adalah variabel yang mempunyai nilai p<0,05. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows.Hasil: Sebanyak 95 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Insiden malnutrisi rumah sakit didapatkan sebesar 28%. Faktor RISIKO yang berhubungan dengan malnutrisi rumah sakit adalah demam, diare dan muntah. Diagnosis multipel, kurang gizi akut dan kronis, lama rawat,pendidikan ibu rendah, dan departemen rawat juga sebagai faktor RISIKO malnutrisi rumah sakit. Hasil analisis multivariat dilakukan dengan hasil kurang gizi akut dan lama rawat sebagai faktor risiko independen terjadinya malnutrisi rumah sakit (OR, 3.843; 95% CI, 1.762-5.431; p=0.005) dan lama rawat (OR, 5.791; 95% CI, 2.157-6.491; p=0.026)Simpulan: Insiden pasien dengan malnutrisi rumah sakit pada anak di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar adalah sebesar 28%. Kondisi kurang gizi akut dan lama rawat merupakan faktor risiko independen terjadinya malnutrisi selama perawatan di rumah sakit.
Association between physical activity, fiber and salt intake with hypertension in adolescents with obesity Ni Luh Putu Sudiasih; Dewa Nyoman Wirawan; I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2019.v7.i1.p11

Abstract

Background and purpose: There are indications that the prevalence of obesity among adolescents is increasing which is one of the main factors of hypertension. This study aims to determine the association between hypertension among obese adolescents with physical activity, fiber and salt intake. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design among obese adolescents aged 12-15 years. The study was conducted at six public/ private middle schools in the North Denpasar Sub-district, Denpasar City, Bali Province. The samples of 203 children were selected from the results of obesity screening conducted by North Denpasar III Public Health Center (PHC). Data collection was conducted over July-September 2018 with data included social demographics, body weight and height, blood pressure, consumption frequency of vegetables, fruits and high salt content foods, and physical activity carried out in the past week. Data analysis with logistic regression was conducted to determine the association between physical activity, fiber and salt intake with hypertension among obeseadolescents. Results: This study found that of 203 respondents, 14.8% had hypertension. Multivariate analysis showed that hypertension in obese adolescents was associated with salt intake ≥1500 mg/day with adjusted odd ratio (AOR) of 5.19 (95%CI: 2.20-12.22), inadequate physical activity (AOR=5.87; 95%CI: 1.19-29.00) and inadequate fiber intake (AOR=2.43; 95%CI: 0.27-21.76). Conclusion: Salt intake ≥1500 mg/day and inadequate physical activity are associated with hypertension among obese adolescents. A reduction in the consumption of processed foods that are high in salt and increasing physical activity would improve adolescent health.
Gestational weight gain is a risk factor of stunting among children aged 6-23 months in Bangli District, Bali, Indonesia Ni Putu Ayu Wulan Noviyanti; I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha; Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri; Kadek Tresna Adhi
Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53638/phpma.2019.v7.i1.p04

Abstract

Background and purpose: Stunting in children is a chronic nutritional concern that has short-term and long-term health effects. Several studies have shown inconsistent results related to the association between stunting and anemia and increased maternal weight during pregnancy. This study aims to determine anemia during pregnancy, increased body weight and weight gain during pregnancy based on body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy as the risk factors of stunting. Methods: A case control study was carried out using the baseline data of an intervention study conducted from April to September to prevent stunting in children aged 6-23 months in nine villages in Bangli District, Bali Province. Baseline data collection was conducted from December 2017–February 2018 by interviewing 330 mothers of the children and observation of their ANC records. The number of samples for the case control study was 156 children aged 6-23 months consisting of 78 cases and 78 controls (1:1). Cases were selected by systematic random sampling from 82 children with stunting and controls were selected in the same way from 248 children without stunting. Data analyzed were maternal age at pregnancy, education, employment, number of children, family income, height, hemoglobin level and maternal body weight during pregnancy. Multivariate analysis with logistic regression was conducted to determine the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of each risk factor. Results: The increase in maternal weight during pregnancy which is not in accordance with maternal BMI before pregnancy and an increase in maternal weight of <10 or >12.5 kilograms are significantly associated with stunting with AOR=3.53 (95%CI: 1,55-8.07) and AOR=3.31 (95%CI: 1.24-8.85). Hemoglobin <11gr/dL during pregnancy was not found to be significantly associated with stunting (AOR=5.02; 95%CI: 0.80–31.71). Conclusion: The increase of maternal weight during pregnancy which is not suitable with BMI before pregnancy and an increase in maternal weight of <10 or >12.5 kilograms are risk factors for stunting in children aged 6-23 months. In addition to monitoring the increase of maternal weight during pregnancy, it is important to consider the mother’s BMI before pregnancy in order to reduce the risk of stunting.
PROFIL STATUS NUTRISI ANAK PALSI SEREBRAL DI POLIKLINIK RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT SANGLAH, DENPASAR, BALI Pratiwi, I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka; Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang; Mahalini, Dewi Sutriani
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 12 No 3 (2023): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2023.V12.i03.P01

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Anak dengan palsi serebral (PS) memiliki risiko tinggi mengalami malnutrisi. Malnutrisi yang terjadi menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan, penurunan fungsi otak, pengurangan potensi perkembangan, gangguan kekebalan tubuh, gangguan penyembuhan luka, dan menurunkan kekuatan dari otot-otot pernapasan sehingga akan memudahkan untuk terjadinya infeksi. Suatu penelitian yang menggambarkan status nutrisi anak PS yang dapat memetakan kondisi nutrisi anak PS penting untuk dilakukan sehingga dapat dipergunakan untuk tata laksana selanjutnya yang lebih baik. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui profil status nutrisi anak dengan palsi serebral (PS) di RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif potong lintang menggunakan sampel anak dengan PS. Kriteria inklusi: pasien PS < 18 tahun yang berkunjung ke Poliklinik Anak RSUP Sanglah pada periode 1 Maret 2022 sampai 30 Agustus 2022. Kriteria eksklusi: usia < 1 tahun dan orangtua tidak bersedia menandatangani informed consent. Sampel dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk melihat profil status nutrisinya. Hasil: penelitian ini mendapatkan sebanyak 60 sampel penelitian dengan median usia 3,79 (rentang 1-17,89) tahun. yang terdiri dari 26 (43,3%) laki-laki dan 34 (56,7%) perempuan. Sebanyak 21 (35%) anak didapatkan dengan gizi baik, 13 (21,7%) anak dengan gizi kurang, 21 (35%) anak dengan gizi buruk, 2 (3,3%) anak berisiko gizi lebih, 2 (3,3%) anak gizi lebih, dan 1 (1,7%) anak obes. Severely stunted terdapat pada 27 (45%) anak, stunted sebanyak 12 (20%) anak, dan normal terdapat pada 21 (35%) anak. Simpulan: kejadian malnutrisi akut dan kronis cukup tinggi pada pasien anak dengan PS di RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar, Bali.
Prevalens dan Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Asma pada Anak Usia 13-14 Tahun di Daerah Rural Wanami Putri, Ni Made Wini Jayesthiwi; Mayangsari, Ayu Setyorini Mestika; Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang; Adnyana, I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 11 No 3 (2022): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2022.V11.i03.P08

Abstract

There are 300 million people in all aged have an asthma, or it reach 1-16% prevalent of asthma in children worldwide. The study of prevalence and risk related factors of asthma in rural daerah is still very limited nowadays. The design of this study is cross-sectional quantitative study, with epidemiology analytic design. This study was conducted in Junior High School 1 in Sukawati, Sukawati Village, Gianyar, Bali. There are 557 samples of children aged 13rd-14th. The samples were collected based on constitutional sampling method. This study used ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) electronic questionnaires. The aims of this study was to determine the relation between prevalence of asthma and its related factors dermatitis atopic, allergies rhinitis, states of nutrition, atopic diseases in family, passive smokers, and fast food consumption in rural daerah in Bali. Prevalence of asthma in Bali in this study is 7.5%. Based on the analysis, allergic rhinitis (RP= 2.09 IK95%= 1.1-3.72 p= 0.01), atopic dermatitis (RP=4.33 IK95%=2.34-8.02 p=0.0001), and atopic diseases in family (RP= 2.56 IK95%=1.42-4.63 p=0.001), had a significant difference result with the prevalence of asthma. Besides, obesity (RP=0.98 IK95%=0.48-2.0 p=0.96), passive smokers (RP=1.52 IK95%=0.84-2.74 p=0.16), and fast food consumption (RP=1.24 IK95%=0.65-2.35 p=0.51), did not have any significant different result with the prevalence of asthma. Internal risk factors have a significant result towards the prevalence of asthma. Meanwhile, external risk factors need more exploration and research to know its effect on exacerbation and incident of asthma. Keyword: Asthma, ISAAC, Prevalence, Related Factors
Disease-related malnutrition in children and role of oral nutrition supplement: - Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang; Pratiwi, I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka; Subanada, Ida Bagus
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 63 No. 6 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi63.6.2023.450-5

Abstract

Background Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is a common complication in chronic diseases. An oral nutrition supplement (ONS) is a formula with high energy density which is commonly used to treat malnutrition. Objective To identify the prevalence of DRM in children with chronic disease and evaluate the benefits of ONS. Methods A retrospective study was conducted at Prof. IGNG Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Data were collected from medical records of patients who were admitted from January to December 2021. Inclusion criteria were patients aged 1-18 years with chronic diseases. Patients with organomegaly, edema, and incomplete medical record data were excluded. Disease-related malnutrition was defined as weight-for-height (for < 5 years of age) or BMI-for-age < -2SD (for > 5 years of age), according to the WHO growth charts. Subjects who received ONS for more than 80% of total energy during hospitalization were classified as part of the ONS group and the rest as standard group. Several variables between ONS and standard group were analyzed and considered significant if P value < 0.05. Results Of 313 subjects with chronic disease, 139 (44.4%) were diagnosed with DRM. Among of 139 subjects with DRM, a total of 64 subjects were analyzed in the ONS and standard feeding groups. No significant difference was found between groups with regards to age, gender, weight, height, white blood cell count, and lymphocyte cell count. Subjects with severe malnutrition significantly more classified as an ONS group than subjects with moderate malnutrition (P=0.001). Mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the ONS group [11.8 (SD 6.7) days] than in the standard group [16.1 (SD 6.6) days]; (P=0.012). Conclusion Malnutrition related to chronic disease in children is prevalent. Use of ONS is associated with a shorter length of hospital stay. Thus, routine nutritional status assessment to identify malnutrition in children with chronic disease is needed to treat with ONS in order to improve prognoses.
Modified Ross score and echocardiographic score in children with heart failure: a subgroup analysis Setiyawan, I Made Karma; Kartika Yantie, Ni Putu Veny; Widnyana, Anak Agung Ngurah Ketut Putra; Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang; Karyana, Putu Gede; Arimbawa, I Made
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 64 No. 3 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi64.3.2024.202-8

Abstract

Background Over the past two decades, heart failure in children has increased in terms of symptom recognition and prevalence. The initial clinical manifestations of heart failure in children are non-specific. Therefore, diagnosis requires the support of echocardiography. The symptomatic severity of heart failure in children can be classified through a simple scoring system such as Ross score. The duration of heart disease, duration of therapy, and cardiac remodeling status may have clinical and anatomical effects on the disease. Objective To analyze for a possible correlation between modified Ross score and echocardiographic score by subgroup analysis consisting of duration of heart disease, duration of therapy, and cardiac remodeling. Methods This cross-sectional study included children aged 1 month - 18 years with heart failure who sought treatment at Prof.Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar from June 2019 to February 2020. Cardiac remodeling was defined as >20% increase in left ventricle internal end diastolic dimension (LVIDd) compared to normal values, ??based on body surface area. Spearman’s correlation test was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 30 subjects were analyzed in this study. The median modified Ross score and echocardiography score were 3 points (range 2-11) and 4 (range 2-6), respectively. The median durations of heart disease and preventive heart failure therapy were 2 years (range 7 days-15 years) and 1 year (range 7 days-15 years), respectively. The mean LVIDd was 4.3 (SD 1.4) cm. Twenty-one out of 30 subjects experienced a ? 20% increase of LVIDd from baseline. The modified Ross score and echocardiographic score had no significant correlation (r=0.18; P=0.33). However, the modified Ross score had significant correlations with duration of heart disease (r=-0.632; P<0.001) as well as duration of therapy (r=-0.584; P=0.001). In addition, no correlation was found between echocardiographic score with heart disease and therapy duration (P>0.05). Echocardiography score and remodelling process was significantly correlated (r=0.64; P<0.001). Conclusion There is no correlation between modified Ross score and echocardiographic score. Duration of heart disease and duration of therapy are significantly negatively correlated with modified Ross scores. The remodelling process is positively correlated with echocardiographic score. Further research on acute symptomatic and validated echocardiographic scores are needed.
Prevalence and factors associated with extrauterine growth restriction in premature infants Anggareni, Komang Tria; Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang; Artana, I Wayan Dharma; Suwarba, I Gusti Ngurah Made; Hartawan, I Nyoman Budi; Gustawan, I Wayan
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 64 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi64.5.2024.405-11

Abstract

Background Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) is common in preterm infants and has been shown to affect their neurodevelopment. Significant variability exists in the criteria used to define EUGR and a standard definition has not yet been established. Several factors associated with EUGR have been identified, yet EUGR remains a problem in preterm infants. There is still much to be explored regarding risk factors associated with EUGR. Objective To determine the prevalence and factors associated with EUGR in preterm infants. Methods This cross-sectional study included randomly selected premature infants (<37 weeks gestational age) who were admitted to levels II and III Neonatal Ward at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital from May 2022 to August 2023. Results Of 185 subjects, the prevalence of EUGR in preterm infants was 47% and there were significant associations between EUGR and birth weight <1500 g (PR 8.814; 95%CI: 3.943 to 19.7; P=0.000), small for gestational age/SGA (PR 28.95; 95%CI: 3.79 to 220.1; P=0.000), neonatal sepsis (PR 4.29; 95%CI: 2.21 to 8.31; P=0.000), hyaline membrane disease/HMD (PR 2.12; 95%CI: 1.16 to 3.88; P=0.021), use of respiratory support (PR 2.57; 95%CI: 1.35 to 4.92; P=0.005), initiation of enteral nutrition at >48 hours (PR 2.23; 95%CI: 1.21 to 4.09; P=0.014) and length of stay/LOS >14 days (PR 8.11; 95%CI: 4.13 to 15.9; P=0.000). Multivariate analysis revealed birth weight <1500 g (aPR 5.14; 95%CI: 1.55 to 17.06; P=0.007), SGA (aPR 24.26; 95%CI: 2.64 to 222.6; P=0.005), presence of sepsis (aPR 2.35; 95%CI: 1.00 to 5.5; P=0.049), and length of hospital stay >14 days (aPR 4.93; 95%CI: 2.15 to 11.31; P=0.000) maintained positive significant associations with EUGR. Conclusion The prevalence of EUGR in preterm infants is 47%. Birth weight <1500 g, small for gestational age, sepsis, and length of stay >14 days are associated with EUGR in preterm infants.
Educational intervention using the Complementary Feeding Practice Module on maternal knowledge and behavior Andriani, Rini; Supriyatno, Bambang; Kekalih, Aria; Gunardi, Hartono; Timan, Ina Susianti; Syafiq, Ahmad; Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang; Sjarif, Damayanti Rusli
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol. 65 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi65.1.2025.71-7

Abstract

Background Correct complementary feeding practice can be a challenge for mothers. Our complementary feeding practice module provides practical information regarding evidence-based complementary feeding practices. Objective To assess the effect of educational intervention using the complementary feeding practice module on maternal knowledge and behavior and to compare the effect of video vs. printed delivery of the module. Methods This open label randomized controlled trial included mothers with babies aged 4 to 8 months in Pontianak, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, who engaged in complementary feeding. Subjects were randomized into an intervention group that received a printed booklet of the module, an intervention group that received a video of the module, or a control group that received the standard Indonesian mother and child health (MCH) handbook. Maternal knowledge and behavior regarding complementary feeding practice were assessed before and after the educational intervention using the PI-MPASI questionnaire. Results Of 360 mothers screened, 241 subjects were randomized into the video education group (n=76), the printed education group (n=84), and the control group (n=81). A total of 212 subjects completed the study by submitting both the pre- and post-test: 66 in the video group, 74 in the printed booklet group, and 72 in the control group. Subjects who received the module (video or printed) had significantly higher knowledge and behavior scores than those in the control group. Video education was associated with a greater increase in behavior score than printed education and control. The outcome of video education was not influenced by maternal educational level. Conclusion  Education using a simple and practical video or printed module improves maternal knowledge and behavior in complementary feeding practices. Video education is associated with a greater improvement in maternal complementary feeding behavior than printed education.
Prevalensi Gangguan Serum Elektrolit pada Anak Usia Bawah Lima Tahun dengan Gizi Buruk di Rumah Sakit Ngoerah Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang; Pratiwi, I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka; Sindhughosa, Wega Upendra; Sidiartha, I Gusti Ayu Dian Noviyani
Sari Pediatri Vol 26, No 6 (2025)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp26.6.2025.364-9

Abstract

Latar belakang. Gizi buruk pada anak bawah lima tahun (balita) masih menjadi beban di negara berkembang. Anak balita gizi buruk perlu menjalani pemeriksaan lengkap secara klinis dan laboratoris untuk mengidentifikasi ada tidaknya tanda bahaya atau komplikasinya. Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui prevalens gangguan serum elektrolit anak balita dengan gizi buruk dan karakteristiknya.Metode. Penetilian retrospektif dengan rancangan cross-sectional menggunakan data rekam medis pasien. Kriteria gizi buruk adalah berat menurut panjang atau tinggi badan < -3 SD menurut standar WHO. Hubungan antara variabel diuji dengan uji chi-square.Hasil. Jumlah pasien yang memenuhi kriteria adalah 94 pasien, terdiri dari 56 laki (59,6%) dan 38 perempuan (40,4%), 22,3% usia dibawah 6 bulan dan 77,7% usia 6 bulan keatas. Prevalensi hiponatremia, hipokalemia, hipokalsemia dan hipokloridemia masing-masing 64,9%, 26,6%, 52,1% dan 60,6%. Gangguan elektrolit kalium signifikans lebih tinggi pada usia dibawah 6 bulan (p=0,011), sedangkan gangguan elektrolit kalsium signifikans lebih tinggi pada usia 6-59 bulan (p=042).Kesimpulan. Anak balita dengan gizi buruk mayoritas mengalami hiponatremia dan hipokalsemia. Gangguan kalium signifikans lebih tinggi pada anak gizi buruk usia dibawah 6 bulan, sedangkan gangguan kalsium signifikans lebih tinggi pada usia 6-59 bulan.
Co-Authors AA Raka Karsana Adnyana, I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha Ahmad Syafiq Anak Agung Ngurah Ketut Putra Widnyana Anak Agung Ratna Purnama Santhi Anggareni, Komang Tria Aria Kekalih Arimbawa * Artawan Artawan Ayu Putri Satyawati Ayu Setyorini Mestika Mayangsari Ayu Shintia Shanti Bagus Ngurah Putu Arhana Bambang Supriyatno BNP Arhana Chaliza Adnan Damayanti Rusli Sjarif Desak Ayu Sri Cinthya Uttari Dewa Nyoman Wirawan Dewa Nyoman Wirawan, Dewa Nyoman Dewi Sutriani Mahalini Dian Sulistya Ekaputri Dini Mutia Hasanah Doddy Kurnia Indrawan Dyah Kanya Wati Dyah Kanya Wati Eka Gunawijaya Elmy S Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono Gusti Ayu Putu Nilawati Hanzelina Hanzelina Hartono Gunardi Hendra Santoso Hendy Hendy I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha Adnyana I Gusti Agung Trisna Windiani I Gusti Ayu Putu Eka Pratiwi I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya Putra I Ketut Adi Wirawan I Kompiang Gede Suandi I Made Arimbawa I Nyoman Ali Suandana I Nyoman Budi Hartawan I Putu Gede Karyana I Wayan Bikin Suryawan I Wayan Dharma Artana I Wayan Dharma Artana, I Wayan Dharma I Wayan Gustawan ID Ayu Eka Cahyani Ida Bagus Gede Suparyatha Ida Bagus Subanada Ida Bagus Subanada IGN Sanjaya IKG Suandi IKG Suandi IKG Suandi Ina Susianti Timan Kadek Dedy Sudiawan Kadek Tresna Adhi Kadek Wini Mardewi Kartika Yantie, Ni Putu Veny Katharina Yosephin Lakonawa Ketut Ariawati Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut Suarta Komang Ayu Witarini Kompiang Gede Suandi Lakonawa, Katharina Yosephin Luh Gede Yuliadewi NS M Kardana Made Michel Kresnayasa Made Ratna Dewi Made Suadnyani Pasek Made Yos Darmayasa Ni Luh Putu Ariastuti Ni Luh Putu Maharani Ni Luh Putu Sudiasih Ni Luh Putu Surya Candra Eka Pertiwi Ni Luh Sri Apsari Ni Made Chandra Mayasari Ni Made Dwiyathi Utami Ni Nyoman Kanta Karmani Ni Nyoman Metriani Nesa Ni Putu Andina Kluniari Ni Putu Ayu Wulan Noviyanti Ni Putu Eka Suwitri Ni Putu Lia Juliantini Ni Putu Siadi Purniti Ni Putu Yunik Novayanti Novita Tjiang Noviyanti, Ni Putu Ayu Wulan NP Veny Kartika Yantie P Suwendra Putu Austin Widyasari Wijaya Putu Ayu Widyanti Putu Diah Vedaswari Putu Gede Karyana, Putu Gede Putu Mas Vina Paramitha Cempaka Putu Satya Pratiwi Putu Vivi Paryati Rini Andriani Romy Widianto, Romy Romy Windiyanto Sawitri, Anak Agung Sagung Setiyawan, I Made Karma Sidiartha, I Gusti Ayu Dian Noviyani Silvia Sudarmadji Sindhughosa, Wega Upendra Sudaryat S Sudiasih, Ni Luh Putu Suryadi Limardi Suwitri, Ni Putu Eka Tjiang, Novita W Retayasa Wanami Putri, Ni Made Wini Jayesthiwi Yuliana Yuliana