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Examining the Participation of Female Peacekeepers in the United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: The Contributions of Islamic Countries Ridha Nahdhiyah Alma Amaliyah; Hadidah Sallimi; Surwandono Surwandono
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity Vol 9, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v9i2.2239

Abstract

The world of International Relations will never be separated from its history. Countries in the Middle East, especially Muslim-majority countries, still have a lot of conflicts going on. However, the contribution of Islam to the world of peace never stops. In the contemporary world, for example, this contribution is realized through the participation of Islamic countries in United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UN PKO). This study aims to analyze the contributions of female peacekeepers of Islamic countries. This research uses the concept of peacekeeping and analyzes secondary data with the quality method and literature review approach as the data collection technique.  The result of this research shows that eight of 12 peace missions involved Muslim-majority countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, Egypt, and Indonesia, which sent the most female peacekeepers. This study found that the Muslim-majority countries have successfully implemented the UN PKO program, especially for the increasing number of female peacekeepers agenda. It also found that the female peacekeeper has a substantive and public function in the operations, such as their contribution to the operation in logistical, informational branches, and medical aid aspects. However, the UN PKO still emphasizes masculinity. This study shows that domestic issues including inadequate military personnel and social stigmatization of women's peacekeeping engagement greatly reduce women's representation in UN peacekeeping operations. This inherently impacts the Women, Peace, and Security agenda.
CONTROVERSIES ON ARMS TRADE AND HUMAN SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST Mitayani, Nawang; Surwandono, Surwandono
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 10, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v10i3.19670

Abstract

The security of the Middle Eastern countries is impacted by the arms trade in the region. Human rights breaches in the Middle East are partly caused by the armaments trade. Currently, one of the primary goals in defending the nation against external threats is obtaining weapons. . The article  examine the Middle East's armaments trade and its impact on human security that analyzed with liberal theory. Descriptive qualitative research methodology was employed in this study. The information was gathered from research-related publications, websites, and other sources. This article finds that the massive arms trade in the Middle East is reducing the quality of human security, in the context of the absorption of welfare funds for arms purchases.