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Thermal Performance of LPG Stove as Heat Source of Rotary Dryer for Drying Corn for Small Farmers Ida Bagus Alit; I Gede Bawa Susana
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol 14, No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.537-546

Sunlight to dry post-harvest food materials such as corn highly depends on the weather. When it is cloudy or rainy, drying automatically stops. On the other hand, biomass dryer models such as rice husks are rather difficult to regulate the drying temperature. This study aims to create a dryer model that produces uniform temperatures and is easy for small farmers to operate. It is a rotary dryer with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) energy. This study tested a small-scale rotary dryer based on drying time to reduce water content by up to 14%. The test used corn samples weighing 10 kg, 15 kg, and 20 kg with a water content of 18%. Testing to reduce water content to 14% is based on the Indonesian National Standard. The results showed that corn samples weighing 10 kg, 15 kg, and 20 kg required time and LPG requirements of 37 minutes and 0.092 kg, 52 minutes and 0.132 kg, and 90 minutes and 0.281 kg, respectively. The drying temperatures were 54.67°C, 55.96°C, and 57.63°C, respectively. Rotary dryers are useful for small farmers in developing areas who do not yet understand the technology. The short drying time allows this dryer machine to repeatedly dry corn. Keywords: Rotary dryer, Liquefied petroleum gas, Corn drying, Drying rate.

ANALISIS POTENSI BIOMASSA SEKAM PADI DI PULAU LOMBOK, INDONESIA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI TERBARUKAN: ANALYSIS OF RICE HUSK BIOMASS POTENTIAL IN LOMBOK ISLAND, INDONESIA AS A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE I Gede Bawa Susana; I Ketut Perdana Putra; I Gusti Agung Ketut Chatur Adhi Wirya Aryadi
Energy, Materials and Product Design Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Energy, Materials and Product Design
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/empd.v4i1.6877

The utilization of renewable energy is one of the strategic solutions for overcoming dependence on fossil fuels and supporting sustainable development. This study aims to analyze the potential of rice husk biomass on the island of Lombok as an environmentally friendly renewable energy source. The methods used include collecting secondary data on rice production, estimating rice husk production as agricultural waste, and projecting the potential energy to produce. The analysis was carried out through theoretical calculations of the potential energy of rice husk biomass. It did not include economic aspects, and the collection of raw materials was not considered. The study results show that the island of Lombok has a reasonably enormous potential for rice husk biomass, with an energy value that can be converted into electricity or alternative fuels. In addition, the use of rice husk as biomass can also reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide a positive economic impact on local communities. However, optimizing this potential requires the support of appropriate technology, infrastructure, and policies. Thus, rice husk on the island of Lombok has the prospect of being one of the promising renewable energy sources within the framework of the national energy transition.

DESIGN OF DRYER FOR SMALL FARMERS BASED ON THE STUDY OF ERGONOMICS THERMAL ENGINEERING APPLICATION Bawa Susana, I Gede; Perdana Putra, I Ketut
Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jptm.v25i1.21325

Ergonomics thermal engineering combines the principles of thermal engineering and ergonomics to design systems and products that optimize energy and resources, improve worker thermal comfort, and reduce thermal stress and fatigue. Small farmers still dry post-harvest food under direct sunlight in open areas. This process produces less than optimal drying thermal temperatures, which impacts long drying times, and dried food is susceptible to dust and animal faeces exposure. In addition, exposure to sunlight on workers causes additional workloads that affect fatigue. This can be overcome by utilizing solar collectors through dryer design based on anthropometric data of workers as users. The dryer was designed through an ergonomics thermal engineering study. Based on anthropometric data and percentile calculations, dimensions were obtained for the dryer design, such as the bottom shelf with a height from the floor of 66.88 cm based on the knuckle, the top shelf height of 123.8 cm from the floor based on standing eye height, and the height of the drying room air chimney from the floor is 177.59 cm based on the height of the upper reach. To avoid new problems with the dryer application, a table was designed as a workaid with a height of 84.31 cm based on the height of the standing elbow. Applying the principles of ergonomics thermal engineering can create systems and products that are more comfortable, safe, and efficient for workers.

PELATIHAN PRODUKSI UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN USAHA KECIL KERIPIK PANGSIT DI DESA LENDANG NANGKA Bawa Susana, I Gede; Wiryajati, I Ketut; Adhi W.A., I G.A.K. Chatur; Perdana Putra, I Ketut; Alit, Ida Bagus
Jurnal Pepadu Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Pepadu
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/pepadu.v6i1.6294

Economic development in the dumpling chips business requires cooperation from the community and related agencies. One of the efforts made by the community service team is training in pangsit chip production. This is necessary because small businesses in Lendang Nangka Village face various challenges in developing their businesses. Production is still carried out traditionally, which has an impact on the lack of uniformity in product quality. One of the main challenges is the limited knowledge and skills needed to produce quality and consistent products. The purpose of Community Service is to strengthen small entrepreneurs in Lendang Nangka Village by improving production skills so that they can make good quality and consistent products. The activity method through training carried out by the Community Service Team and the Cooperatives and SMEs Service, covers aspects of improving technical skills in the production process. Through the production process, training is provided on how to enhance the quality of the product through the use of better techniques and raw materials. The results of community service give an understanding and skills related to pangsit chips raw materials and how to print, fry, dry, and package products. This can be used as a guideline to ensure that the pangsit chips produced are of good quality and can be stored properly. By overcoming existing challenges and utilizing existing opportunities, this program is expected to have a positive impact on regional economic development. Some things related to packaging are new knowledge for pangsit chip artisans. Pangsit chips artisans are interested in using packaging other than plastic to maintain product quality and use packaging for various sizes of their products.

Application of Anthropometric Data on Redesign of Lightweight Brick-Cutting Tools to Reduce Workers' Musculoskeletal Complaints Susana, I Gede Bawa; Suartika, I Made; Putra, Gilang Ade
Logic : Jurnal Rancang Bangun dan Teknologi Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Unit Publikasi Ilmiah, P3M, Politeknik Negeri Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31940/logic.v25i1.72-77

The work of cutting lightweight bricks manually with the help of cutting tools still leaves problems. Unnatural working postures are a form of problems faced by workers. This causes musculoskeletal complaints that have an impact on comfort at work. To overcome this, a redesign of the lightweight brick-cutting tool was carried out using worker anthropometric data. The redesign was carried out on the pedal switch and work chair because this caused complaints from workers. The results of the redesign reduced the musculoskeletal complaints of workers who did lightweight brick-cutting work by an average of 49.36%. This figure was obtained from measurements after working on the old and new tools. The decrease occurred from an average of 62.8 when using the old tool to 31.8 after the intervention. The study results can be used as a guideline for workers doing manual work to create a comfortable and sustainable working atmosphere.

PELATIHAN PRODUKSI UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN USAHA KECIL KERIPIK PANGSIT DI DESA LENDANG NANGKA Bawa Susana, I Gede; Wiryajati, I Ketut; Adhi W.A., I G.A.K. Chatur; Perdana Putra, I Ketut; Alit, Ida Bagus
Jurnal Pepadu Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Pepadu
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/pepadu.v6i1.6294

Economic development in the dumpling chips business requires cooperation from the community and related agencies. One of the efforts made by the community service team is training in pangsit chip production. This is necessary because small businesses in Lendang Nangka Village face various challenges in developing their businesses. Production is still carried out traditionally, which has an impact on the lack of uniformity in product quality. One of the main challenges is the limited knowledge and skills needed to produce quality and consistent products. The purpose of Community Service is to strengthen small entrepreneurs in Lendang Nangka Village by improving production skills so that they can make good quality and consistent products. The activity method through training carried out by the Community Service Team and the Cooperatives and SMEs Service, covers aspects of improving technical skills in the production process. Through the production process, training is provided on how to enhance the quality of the product through the use of better techniques and raw materials. The results of community service give an understanding and skills related to pangsit chips raw materials and how to print, fry, dry, and package products. This can be used as a guideline to ensure that the pangsit chips produced are of good quality and can be stored properly. By overcoming existing challenges and utilizing existing opportunities, this program is expected to have a positive impact on regional economic development. Some things related to packaging are new knowledge for pangsit chip artisans. Pangsit chips artisans are interested in using packaging other than plastic to maintain product quality and use packaging for various sizes of their products.

ERGO-MECHANICAL APPLICATIONS IN SMALL-SCALE SMAW WELDING TABLE DESIGN Bawa Susana, I Gede; Alit Triadi, Anak Agung; Kawirian, Wisnu
Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Vol. 24 No. 02 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/hpkf3b19

SMAW (shielded metal arc welding) is widely used in almost all types of welding work, including small industries. In small industries, workers doing SMAW welding work are generally done by squatting. This work posture causes musculoskeletal complaints in workers as a result of unnatural work postures. To overcome this is done through ergo-mechanical applications to create aids in the form of welding tables. Ergonomically based on worker anthropometric data, while mechanically with the selection of strong, lightweight, and affordable materials in terms of cost. The results of testing the welding table design based on ergo-mechanical applications provided a decrease in musculoskeletal disorders in workers. Workers' musculoskeletal disorders can be reduced by 24.61%. From the moderate category, an average of 51.6, to the light category, with an average of 38.9. The ergo-mechanical application will produce work tools that are comfortable for workers to use and meet technical standards related to specifications as a description of the technical characteristics of a work tool.

Thermal Performance of LPG Stove as Heat Source of Rotary Dryer for Drying Corn for Small Farmers Alit, Ida Bagus; Bawa Susana, I Gede
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtep-l.v14i2.537-546

Sunlight to dry post-harvest food materials such as corn highly depends on the weather. When it is cloudy or rainy, drying automatically stops. On the other hand, biomass dryer models such as rice husks are rather difficult to regulate the drying temperature. This study aims to create a dryer model that produces uniform temperatures and is easy for small farmers to operate. It is a rotary dryer with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) energy. This study tested a small-scale rotary dryer based on drying time to reduce water content by up to 14%. The test used corn samples weighing 10 kg, 15 kg, and 20 kg with a water content of 18%. Testing to reduce water content to 14% is based on the Indonesian National Standard. The results showed that corn samples weighing 10 kg, 15 kg, and 20 kg required time and LPG requirements of 37 minutes and 0.092 kg, 52 minutes and 0.132 kg, and 90 minutes and 0.281 kg, respectively. The drying temperatures were 54.67°C, 55.96°C, and 57.63°C, respectively. Rotary dryers are useful for small farmers in developing areas who do not yet understand the technology. The short drying time allows this dryer machine to repeatedly dry corn. Keywords: Rotary dryer, Liquefied petroleum gas, Corn drying, Drying rate.

Peningkatan kinerja pompa hidram berdasarkan posisi tabung kompresor dengan saluran keluar di bawah tabung kompresor Susana, I Gede Bawa; Sutanto, Rudy
Dinamika Teknik Mesin Vol 6, No 2 (2016): Dinamika Teknik Mesin: Jurnal Keilmuan dan Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/dtm.v6i2.14

Hydraulic ram pump is operated without fuel and only rely on the height difference of the water source. tube compressor serves to continue the flow of water and increase the pressure in the hydraulic ram pump. To improve the performance of the hydraulic ram pump, experiment with variable position of the tube compressor has been done. The tube compressor is placed on the side of the valve after intake and waste, as well as with an outlet at the bottom of the tube compressor. The experiments were performed on the flow of water from a height of 2.1 m, 2.6 m, 3.1 m, 3.6 m and 4.1 m. The test results showed that the position of the tube compressor affect the performance of the hydraulic ram pump. Tube compressor is placed after the input side and the waste valve has a value greater than the tube compressor that is placed between the input and exhaust valves. The volumetric flow rate output, maximum head, suction force, and the largest thrust force obtained at a height of 4.1 m with the results of each 0.121 l / sec; 16 m; 156.499 N; and 89.48 N. While the largest pump efficiency obtained at a height of 3.1 m waterfall which is 2.618%.

Simulasi pemasangan sebuah model kerugian minor perubahan penampang di konektor loop mesin termoakustik Nurpatria, N.; Mirmanto, M.; Joniarta, I.W.; Padang, Y.A.; Susana, I.G.B.
Dinamika Teknik Mesin Vol 13, No 1 (2023): Dinamika Teknik Mesin: Jurnal Keilmuan dan Terapan Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/dtm.v13i1.626

A custom-designed thermoacoustic engine model has been created with the open source Delta EC simulation software. The specific design of the engine lies in the part of the heat exchanger, which allows it to receive heat from the hot gas stream resulting from the combustion of low grade biomass directly. The engine model can be coupled with a loudspeaker model that functions as a liner alternator, resulting in a simple power generator engine model. In this study, further simulations were carried out to increase the total efficiency of converting heat energy into electricity from the previous model. After that a model of minor loss of cross-sectional change was also added to the model. In a certain set of engine model parameter values without minor losses, the efficiency of converting heat energy to acoustic energy is 12.76%, equivalent to the amplification of acoustic energy by a regenerator of 33.26 W. The total efficiency of the engine model in converting heat energy into electrical energy is 10.53%. After the addition of a sub-program of minor losses due to the effect of one conical segment, there was an acoustic energy loss of 0.11 W. So that the efficiency of converting heat energy to acoustic energy was reduced by 0.01% to 12.75%. As a result, relatively small change occur in the total efficiency of the engine model.

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