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All Journal Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) Jurnal Agrotek Tropika AL-HAYAT: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Planta Simbiosa : Jurnal Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Jurnal Pengabdian Nasional Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Agroscript: Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences
Anung Wahyudi
Politeknik Negeri Lampung
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Effectiveness of Nanoemulsion Formulated with Citronella and Garlic Essential Oils against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on Maize Plants Ragil Indah Kusumawati Supernong; Ni Siluh Putu Nuryanti; Anung Wahyudi; Ratna Dewi
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1595-1603

Abstract

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith) is a major invasive pest that threatens maize production in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the activity of nanoemulsions of citronella and garlic essential oils, both individually and in combinations at ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, against third-instar larvae of S. frugiperda. The essential oils were obtained by steam distillation and formulated into nanoemulsions using Tween 80. Toxicity was assessed via contact assays and analyzed with POLO-PC software to determine LC50 and LC95 values. The citronella–garlic ratio of 2:1 was the most promising, yielding the lowest LC50 (0.1 % at 96 hours) and consistently exhibiting strong synergistic effects at the LC50 level compared with the 1:1 and 1:2 ratios, which more frequently showed additive or antagonistic interactions. The citronella nanoemulsion displayed the smallest particle size (97.8 nm) but the highest polydispersity index (PI) (0.406), indicating lower physical stability. In contrast, the garlic nanoemulsion exhibited a particle size of 185.9 nm with a PI of 0.270, reflecting a more stable system. The citronella–garlic combination at a 2:1 ratio produced the largest particle size (204.9 nm) but the lowest PI (0.239), suggesting superior stability and a more uniform particle distribution. These findings support the potential of nanoemulsified essential oils as eco-friendly botanical insecticides.
Co-Authors Adhitya Vishnu Pradana Agus Ambarwari Ahmad Fahrori Al Hasani Akbar Hidayatullah Zaini Akbar Hidayatullah Zaini Akbar Hidayatullah Zaini Akbar Hidayatullah Zaini Alex Kurnia Putra Amri, Wahyu Khoirul Andini, Siti Novridha April Lia Sahidah April Lia Sahidah April Lia Sahidah ardiansyah, sigit Dulbar Dulbar Dulbar Dulbar, Dulbar Dulbari, Dulbari Dwi Guntoro Dwi Yuliani Edi Santosa Eka Erlinda Syuriani, Eka Erlinda Eko Sulistyono Elsa Putri Wulandari Erlinda Syuriani, Eka Fadilla, Reza Hanapi Fadliyansyah, Muhamad Handayani, Sri Hendrianto, Yohanes Herdhata Agusta Hidayatullah Zaini, Akbar Hidayatulloh, Akbar I Made Sanjaya Indria Rini, Sinta Jaenudin Kartahadimaja Komang Tri Astiti Sari Megawati Rahmasari Mertya Anugrah Miranda Ferwita Sari Muhamad Fakhrur Rozi Muhamad Syukur MUHAMMAD HANAPI Muhammad Ridha Alfarabi Istiqlal Muhammad Rifqi Setio Aji Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan Nazirwan, Nazirwan Ni Siluh Putu Nuryanti Ni Siluh Putu Nuryanti Novridha Andini, Siti Onny Chrisna Pandu Pradana Putri Helmayanti Putri Helmayanti Ragil Indah Kusumawati Supernong Ramdani ramadani Ratna Dewi Ratna Dewi Reni Sanggarwati Ria Ismiatun Ria Putri Ria Putri Ria Putri Ria Putri, Ria Rizki Apri Danil Sari, Komang Tri Astiti Sari, Miranda Ferwita SEPTIANA SEPTIANA Septiana Septiana Septiana Septiana sigit ardiansyah Subandi Subandi Tejah Tejah Tianigut, Gut Wahid Rifan Gustoro Wahidin Rifan Gustoro Widyawati, Dewi Kania Wulan Rahmawati Yesika Tarigan Yohanes Hendrianto Yohanes Hendrianto Yonny Koesmaryono ZAINAL MUTAQIN