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All Journal Sosiohumaniora Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis PNJ (JEKBIS PNJ) Al-Iqtishad : Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah (Journal of Islamic Economics) Rechtsidee Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam KLIK (Kumpulan jurnaL Ilmu Komputer) (e-Journal) Jurnal Daulat Hukum JCES (Journal of Character Education Society) SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Jurnal Yuridis PALAR (Pakuan Law review) Account : Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan dan Perbankan AKURASI: Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan SERAMBI: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Bisnis Islam JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Jurnal Esensi Hukum Jurnal Suara Hukum Mitra Akademia: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesian Journal of Economy, Business, Entrepreneuship and Finance (IJEBEF) Jurnal Altifani Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Labatila: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Islam Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Penelitian Thawalib BHAKTI PERSADA Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEKS (Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology) Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies Jurnal Spektrum Komunikasi LamLaj Akurasi
Bambang Waluyo
Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
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The Inadequacy of Legal Protection against the Economic Exploitation of Children in Indonesia Shafira, Annisa Shiva; Waluyo, Bambang
Lambung Mangkurat Law Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Program magister Kenotariatan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

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Abstract

Despite being regulated under Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, child labour remains a serious problem in Indonesia. Data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) indicate an increase in child labourers from 1.01 million in 2023 to 1.27 million in 2024, highlighting a persistent gap between legal norms and social realities. This study examines child labour through victimological and human rights perspectives, arguing that children are victims of structural exploitation legitimized by regulatory loopholes. Using a normative legal method with qualitative analysis, the research reviews national legislation, international legal instruments, and relevant court decisions. The findings reveal that structural poverty, weak institutional coordination, and the ambiguous regulation of “light work” under Article 69 of the Manpower Law constitute a legal loophole that normalizes child labour and obscures children’s victim status. Consequently, children are excluded from victim-centered remedies such as compensation and rehabilitation. The study concludes that effective protection requires concrete legal and policy reforms, including clarifying the scope of permissible work, strengthening inter-agency coordination, integrating UNCRC principles into labour regulation, and expanding family-based social protection to address the structural causes of child labour.
Co-Authors Abidaturrahman, Khalda Achmad Bayu Chandrabuwono Adatha Aisyah Wijayanti Ade Irma Syahratien Adi Rachmat, Bayu Adianto, Taufiq Adityarahman, Dimas Ady Arman Afdhal Yaman Agustanti, Rosalia Dika Aji Lukman Ibrahim Ameliasari, Fitri Amin, Deny Yarusain Ananta, Muhammad Daffa Annisa Indria Irnawati Argyyndra, Arka Balacosa Arofah, Muhammad Nouval Azami, Muhamad Rafi Azizah, Sarah Barlean, Sereno Khalfan Beby Arini Mardhatillah Beniharmoni Harefa Budiman, Jodhy Farrel Dede Abdul Fatah Fatimah Fatimah Geraldo, Hosea Hadiansyah, Ahmad Irgi Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar Handoyo Prasetyo Hartono, Teguh Herbawani, Chahya Kharin Hulu, Samuel Arthur Ida Syafrida Ida Syafrida Iman Rusdianto Indianik Aminah Indianik Aminah Iwa Adyaksa, Iwa Adyaksa Japono, Saskia Salsabila Lalita Hanief Manurung, Abraham Hadonganan MB Nani Ariani muchtar, ali masjono Muchtasib, Ach. Bakhrul Muchtasib Muhammad fauzan Mutaqin, Fadzal Mutia, Wanda Nasution, Hanifa Maulida Nedsal Sixpria Ningsih, Tri Fitria Noerman, Chiquita Thefirstly Novyana, Hilda Nurul Hasanah Pasah, Marip Putra, Fathurozi Wiratama Rianda Dirkareshza Riyanto Riyanto Roring, Edward Benedictus Saepullah, Putra Rizqy Dwi Safira, Elza Dwi Safitri, Nurfala Salles, Sergio Salsabila, Syana Mifta Shafira Aristianti Shafira, Annisa Shiva Shalihah, Mar'atun Simanjuntak, Shely Yesica Slamet Tri Wahyudi Subakdi Subakdi, Subakdi Sujarwo Sujarwo Syahratien, Ade Irma Syamsul Hadi Sylvia Rozza Taufikul Ichsan Tomi Gumilang, Singgih Widagdo, Widyastomo Wirawan, Rio Wulandari, Vidia Ayu Zahra, Inas Afifah Zein, Mohammad Diesel