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MEMBEDAH TEORI SOSIOLOGI: TEORI PERTUKARAN (EXCHANGE THEORY) GEORGE CASPAR HOMANS Wardani, Wardani
Jurnal Studia Insania Vol 4, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (369.252 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/jsi.v4i1.1111

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This article is aimed at analyzing critically George Caspar Homans?s theory of exchange. The critical analysis that may be called here simply as ?maping ideology? embodied in theory is needed to place the theory within the specific social and political condition, intellectual background, school of thought having great influence on it, and so forth, and also to assesses its limitedness as a theoretical frame-work of scientific research to explain complicated social phenomenon or human interaction. Influenced by psychological and economic theories, Homans?s theory of exchange has been intended at the beginning by the author as attack against Marxism domination that addressed criticism to capitalism as macro-structure oppressing the proletariat by the ruling class and against Durkheimian structural functionalism. By addressing the attack against Marxism and because of his intellectual and social background, Homans?s theory then has been regarded as an explanation justifying the existing situation. Being attributed as psychological reductionism, as neglecting the important role of structure, and deterministic are some of the objections addressed to his theory.      
DIALEKTIKA ANTARA FILSAFAT DAN AGAMA DALAM PEMIKIRAN FILSAFAT ISLAM: KESINAMBUNGAN DAN INTERAKSI Wardani, Wardani
Al-Banjari : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman Vol 13, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Pascasarjana UIN ANTASARI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1089.072 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/al-banjari.v13i1.385

Abstract

This article is aimed to describe dialectical relation between Islamic philosophy (hikmah) and Islamic religious doctrin (syarî?ah). The tension between two has emerged since declination of rational theology (Mu?tazilite) and since the rise of ortodox theology (Asy?arite). Al-Ghazâlî, one of prominent scholars of the Asy?arite, has attacked Moslem philosophers, such as Ibn Sînâ. This article has came to the conclusion that in such tension, in which religion and rational thought met, the two neither reached utterly different results, nor yet were they identical, but seemed to run parallel to one another.
NASIB MANUSIA DAN KEADILAN TUHAN : TELAAH KRITIS PANDANGAN ASY'ARIYAH DAN MUTAZILAH Wardani, Wardani
Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Vol 1, No 1 (2002)
Publisher : UIN Antasari Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (214.432 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/khazanah.v1i1.321

Abstract

Persoalan nasib manusia tidak murni determinisme (al-jabariyat al-khalisah) atau indeterminisme (al-qadariyat al-khalisah). Alquran memiliki pandangan yang jelas bahwa Tuhan ditempatkan pada kebebasan manusia menentukan nasibnya melalui sarana hubungan kausalitas. Rasionalitas ditemukan disini.
AGENDA PENGEMBANGAN STUDI ISLAM DI PERGURUAN TINGGI: MEMPERTIMBANGKAN BERBAGAI TAWARAN MODEL INTEGRASI ILMU Wardani, Wardani
Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Vol 13, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : UIN Antasari Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (332.868 KB)

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Abstract : Basically, there are two approaches to study Islam either in textualsources (Quran and hadith) or in social and cultural expressions. Those arenormative and historical approach. This article suggests that the intensive andconstant dialogue between the twoby applying integrated, rich, syntheticIslamic and western approaches is a must to overcome the intellectual crisis inIslamic studies in Indonesia nowdays. In other words, Islam should not beviewed from one approach only, therefore, we need to build a bridgebetween Islamic religious sciences and secular ones (natural sciences, socialsciences, and humanities). The bridge should be two-fold, e.g. throughislamization of science and scientization of Islam. The first step meansthat we should make a room for scripture in scientific method, and that sciencesmust be value-laden. The second one means that Islamic religious sciences,such as theology, law, and ethics should be learned in the light of scientificstandard of inquiry.
PLURALISME AGAMA DAN DIALOG TEOLOGI Wardani, Wardani
Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Vol 1, No 2 (2002)
Publisher : UIN Antasari Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (6277.763 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/khazanah.v1i2.624

Abstract

Kemajemukan dalam beragama merupakan kenyataan yang di satu sisi merupakan anugerah Tuhan, namun di sisi lain, karena disikapi secara keliru, juga sering menyebabkan konflik, sebagaimana yang terjadi di Ambon di awal tahun 1999. Akar dari konflik tersebut, di samping kemungkinan disebabkan faktor sosial dan politik, juga tidak pelak lagi adalah karena ari klaim kebenaran masing-masing penganut agama. Artikel ini menjelaskan problem pluralisme agama dan kemungkinan solusi terhadap konflik yang ditimbulkan oleh keragaman tersebut. Solusi yang sering ditawarkan adalah dialog pada tataran teologis. Artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa dialog teologis adalah tawaran elitis, karena persoalan keselamatan sulit untuk dipertemukan seiring dengan kuatnya klaim kebenaran. Tawaran yang realistis adalah dialog pada tingkat etis, yaitu respon bersama umat beragama terhadap isu-isu etis di sekeliling mereka, seperti isu etis di balik kerusakan lingkungan dan bagaimana etika agama mengatasinya. Tawaran lain dalam menghadapi keragaman agama adalah perspektif filsafat perennial tentang kesatuan transendental agama-agama pada tingkat esoteris. Namun, tawaran ini, sama halnya dengan dialog teologis, hanya menyentuh kalangan elitis. Alasan terpenting tentang tidak mungkinnya dialog teologis dan kesatuan agama-agama, serta ini sekaligus menjadi solusi keragaman itu adalah perlunya kita menyadari bahwa agama memiliki dimensi yang absolut (kebenaran teologis) dan yang relatif (interpretasi dan penerapan yang tergantung dengan berbagai konteks). Inklusivitas sangat terkait dengan dimensi terakhir.Kata-kunci: pluralisme, dialog teologis, absolusitas, relativitas, filsafat perennial, klaim kebenaran
SISI KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM TERJEMAH AL-QUR`âN BERBAHASA BANJAR Wardani, Wardani
Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Vol 18, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : UIN Antasari Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (377.21 KB) | DOI: 10.18592/khazanah.v18i1.3473

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The local wisdom as perceived as particular knowledge is often contrasted to universal revealed knowledge of religion. This article is aimed at studying the local wisdom behind al-Qur`ân dan Terjemahnya Bahasa Banjar (the Qur`ân and Its Translation into Banjarese language), arguing that the two kinds of knowledge, either particular or universal, interact each other. Employing the ethics philosophy?s distinction between particular and universal, the discussion on the topic is focused on the description of local wisdom and the issues of particularity and universality, especially in relation to moral values embedded in cultural dimensions of the local language. The steps start from comparing Indonesian and Banjarese translation of some Qur`ânic vocabularies, then describing moral values in Banjarese culture in perceiving certain words, and finally searching for particular and universal dimensions of cultural ethics by comparing it with other ethics which is universally recognized. This article arrives at some conclusions. Firstly, the local wisdom is reflected in the forms of local moral values corresponding to the doctrines of the Qur`ân. Secondly, in relation to the idea of particularity and universality of moral values, the local wisdom behind this translation contains the two aspects, due to the fact that both dimensions constitute elements which interact with each other. The local values also underlay the use of local vocabularies. It means that the particular aspect of local wisdom transforms to universal one too. Besides, local wisdom does not only mean local knowledge but also means that it has a general affinity with other cultures.
Menemukan Universalitas Pesan Alquran Sebagai Keniscayaan dalam Penafsiran Multi-Interdisipliner wardani, wardani; Nadhiroh, Wardatun
Mutawatir : Jurnal Keilmuan Tafsir Hadith Vol. 8 No. 1 (2018): JUNI
Publisher : Jurusan Tafsir Hadis Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mutawatir.2018.8.1.93-123

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This article aims to lay a philosophical foundation on the universality of the message of the Qur’an as a necessity in a multi-interdisciplinary approach to interpreting the Qur’an. The study departs from the thoughts of Qur’anic scholars from the classical to the contemporary period as set out in their works. The “universality” here means two senses: first, compatibility of the message, owing to its universal and perennial ethical contents, to be applied across boundaries of time and space; second, various aspects of contents of the Qur’an, such as theological, legal, ethical, and scientific issues. This article also suggests methods in exploring the universality of the Qur’anic doctrines and gives one example of its application, especially in understanding Quranic values in its doctrine of warfare. The authors conclude that an integrative approach to the Qur’an is needed to be accompanied by an awareness of the universality of the message of the Qur’an which lies in the spirit of ethical principles and the need for meaning in a broader spectrum in the modern era. Neglecting its universal message will cause interpretations to lose this spirit, such as classical Moslem interpreters’ understanding on jihad-verses by insisting that the jihad as warfare is a permanent obligation upon Moslems. The falsehood of the interpretation is due to neglecting the ethical principle i.e. humanity behind the law of reciprocity that underlies particular verses on warfare.
FUNGSIONALISASI TEORI PENGANULIRAN (NASKH) DALAM TAFSIR AL-QURAN DAN HUKUM ISLAM: Sebuah Catatan Kritis Wardani Wardani
Jurnal Theologia Vol 24, No 1 (2013): AL-QUR'AN DAN HADIS
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2013.24.1.318

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Abstract: The commonly accepted assumption among Muslim scholars is that the abrogation (naskh) theory is regarded as method necessary for interpreting the Qur’ān and for law-making. This article is aimed to explore how it has been used to support ideological interest. At the beginning, some traditions, which are contradictory to each other, ascribed to ‘Alī bin Abī Ṭālib, for instance, which supports the importance of knowledge on naskh should be categorized as unreliable ones. The traditions have been distorted and interpreted in different context to argue for the importance. In wide range of the abuse, the naskh has been used to interpret some ambiguous verses, such as what Aḥmad Al-Baḥrānī, a Shiite scholar, done to set up his own theological belief. Meanwhile, the Muslim jurists have applied it as a method of making of law decision. ‘Abdullah al-Karkhi (w. 340 H), a Hanafite scholar, for instance, used it to attack against legal opinions of non-Hanafite scholars. Since al-Shafi‘is era till contemporary time, the naskh has been regarded as a method of developing Islamic law, of course, in different contexts and trends. Abstrak: Asumsi umum yang sudah diterima di kalangan sarjana Muslim adalah bahwa teori naskh dianggap sebagai perlu yang perlu untuk menafsirkan al-Quran dan untuk penentuan hukum. Artikel ini dimaksudkan untu mengekplorasi bagaimana ia digunakan untuk mendukung kepentingan ideologis. Pada mulanya, beberapa hadis, yang saling bertentangan satu sama lain, yang dianggap bersumber dari ‘Al ī bin Abī Ṭālib, misalnya, yang mendukung pentingnya ilmu pengetahuan tentang naskh harus dikategorikan sebagai yang tidak dapat dipercaya. Hadis-hadis yang terdistorsi dan ditafsirkan dalam konteks yang berbeda untuk membuktikan kepentingan tersebut. Dalam deretan penyalahgunaan, naskh digunakan untuk menafsirkan beberapa ayat yang ambigu, seperti yang dilakukan oleh Aḥmad al-Baḥrānī , seorang ulama Syi‘ah, dalam seperangkat kepercayaan teologis. Sementara itu, para ahli hukum telah menerapkan ini sebagai sebuah metode dalam menentukan hukum. ‘Abdullah al-Karkhi (w. 340 H), seorang bermazhab Ḥanafī, misalnya, menggunakannya untuk menyerang pendapat-pendapat hukum dari mazhab-mazhab non- Ḥanaf ī. Sejak era Syāfi’ī hingga masa kontemporer, naskh telah dianggap sebagai sebuah metode membangun hukum Islam, tentu saja, dalam trend dan konteks yang berbeda. Kata-kata Kunci: abrogation (naskh), abrogating verse (nāsikh), abrogated verse (mansūkh)
Problematika Kajian Tafsir di Perguruan Tinggi Islam dan Masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan Wardani Wardani
Islamica: Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol. 15 No. 1 (2020): September
Publisher : Postgraduate Studies of Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/islamica.2020.15.1.1-27

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This article is intended to examine the development of published works on the interpretation of the Qur’ān in South Kalimantan in the 2000s, by comparing the works written by intellectuals in Islamic university (in the case of Antasari State Islamic University, Banjarmasin) and beyond. By applying the continuity-change and challenge-response approaches, this article finds that the two types of exegetical works show that the authors' interpretation is limited to theory, not yet in an effort to produce original interpretive works. In general, most of the exegetical works written by intellectuals in Islamic university are intended to meet the formal requirements of education, such as achieving degrees and preparing lecture handbooks. Meanwhile, the works of Muslim intellectuals beyond the university appear to be more responsive to many issues, such as issues of ritual, science, and magic. In terms of originality, both exegeses work mostly originate from traditional sources, while the former applies a thematic approach (mawḍū‘ī) as a tool for modern interpretation and the latter applies an analytical approach (taḥlīlī) for a conventional one.
AL-QUR’AN KULTURAL DAN KULTUR QUR’ANI: Interaksi antara Universalitas, Partikularitas, dan Kearifan lokal Wardani Wardani
AL-TAHRIR Vol 15, No 1 (2015): Islam dan Local Wisdom
Publisher : IAIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/al-tahrir.v15i1.175

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Abstract: The issue on universality and particularity of Quranic teachings becomes a central issue which has triggered serious debate among Moslem scholars since the  Qur’an, as a scripture, embodies God’s speech whose doctrines have been intended as trans-historical teachings going beyond time and space. In addition, it was revealed gradually based on the events and circumstances to respond the the social problems happening during the periods of prophecy. This article is aimed to explore some Moslem scholars on the issues of (1) identifying the ways of  Qur’an in acculturation vis-à-vis Arab tradition, (2) studying on to what extent the Quranic exegeses in Indonesia have absorbed local traditions, and (3) analyzing the modes of interaction between the Qur’an and culture. The divinity of teachings in the qu’ran did not mean that it would lose the historical nature of its contents to a certain extent, since it had been revealed for a long time in the Arabian peninsula. In Indonesia, such acculturation also emerged when some authors of Quranic exegeses, such as Bakri Syahid in his Tafsir al-Huda, used local wisdom to interpret the Qur’an, for instance, the atribution of “pepundhen” (originally means: sacred place) to God. The interaction between the Qur’an and culture could be seen from acculturation of the Qur’an resulting in the so-called “cultural Qur’an”, and from Islamization of culture resulting in the so-called “Quranic culture”. الملخص: مازالت شمولية وإقليمية تعاليم القرآن قضية جدلية أحدثت جدلا جديا بين علماء المسلمين، إذ أن القرآن ككتاب مقدس يحتوى على كلام الرب الذى كانت تعاليمه تراد أن تكون صالحة عبر التاريخ خلال الزمان و المكان، مع أنه منزل فى ظروف معينة استجابة لروح مقتضيات الزمان. وهذه المقالة تهدف إلى كشف آراء علماء المسلمين عن هذه القضية، وإلى كشف مناهج القرآن فى التثقف عند مواجهة عادات العرب، وإلى البحث عن مدى ما وصل إليه تفاسير القرآن فى إندونيسيا فى استيعاب العادات الإقليمية، و أخيرا إلى تحليل طرائق التعامل بين القرآن والثقافة. ووصلت هذه الدراسة إلى نتيجة أن شمولية القرآن تتعلق بالقيم والقواعد التى تندرج تحتها كل أحكامه الجزئية، كالعدالة والتوسط، وهما عمادا تعاليم الإسلام. و قداسة القرآن لا تعنى غياب شخصيته التاريخية إلى حد معين، إذ أنه منزل زمانا طويلا فى جزيرة العرب.  وتتمثل تاريخيته من  تعاليمه التى تظهر من خلالها كأنها تفاوض عادات العرب، كالتجارة واحترام الأشهر الحرم،  فغاية القرآن لتحويل عادة جعلته يرشح قيما تكون أسسا لأحكام، بطريق  رفض عادة أو إعادة تكوينها. وظهر مثل هذا التثقف أيضا فى إندونيسيا عند ما كان مفسرو القرآن الإندونيسيون، مثل بكري شهيد من خلال كتابه "تفسير الهدى"، يستخدمون الحكمة الإقليمية فى تفسير القرآن، كوصف الرب بفوفوندين pepundhen (تعنى لغة: المكان المقدس). Abstrak: Permasalahan seputar universalitas dan partikularitas al-Qur'an menjadi isu sentral yang telah memicu perdebatan serius di kalangan sarjana muslim karena al-Qur'an, sebagai kitab suci, melampaui waktu dan ruang. Selain itu, ia merespon masalah-masalah sosial yang terjadi selama periode kenabian. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi beberapa persoalan mengenai (1) identifikasi akulturasi al-Qur'an dengan tradisi Arab, (2) studi terhadap  tafsir al-Quran di Indonesia yang menyerap tradisi lokal, dan (3) analisis terhadap bentuk-bentuk interaksi Qur'an dan kultur. Keilahian ajaran al-Qur'an tidak berarti bahwa isi al-Qur'an kehilangan sifat historisnya karena ia diwahyukan untuk waktu yang lama di jazirah Arab. Historisitasnya tercermin dalam beberapa doktrin yang telah dinegosiasikan dengan tradisi Arab. Tujuan utamanya untuk mengubah setiap tradisi yang ada dengan menyisipkan nilai yang mendasari segala bentuk aturan atau merekonstruksi tradisi. Di Indonesia, akulturasi tersebut juga muncul ketika beberapa penulis tafsir al-Qur’an, seperti Bakri Syahid dalam bukunya Tafsir al-Huda, menggunakan kearifan lokal untuk menafsirkan al-Qur'an, misalnya, penisbatan "pepundhen" (awalnya berarti: tempat suci ) kepada Allah. Interaksi antara al-Qur'an dan budaya dapat dilihat dari akulturasi al-Qur'an sehingga disebut "al-Qur'an kultural", dan dari Islamisasi budaya menghasilkan apa yang disebut "kultur Qur'ani".Keywords: universalitas, kearifan lokal, enkulturasi, al-Qur'an kultural, kultur Qur'ani