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Tingkat Kebersihan Mulut (OHI-S) pada Anak SD Kelas VI Di Desa Wonokromo Sari Purwanti; Widjijono Widjijono
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 1 (S) (2008): Januari
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v8i1 (S).9421

Abstract

Oral hygiene is ones of local factor that has a dominant determination in oral disease. In spite of it, the childrens oral health has an influence on good behavior to oral health status. The behavior is a very complex any thing that involves internal or external aspect, even psychological and physical. Elementary at the age of II -1 2 years of school student has already able to think rationally and precisely based on their mperience, along with the family support, in order to keep oral hygiene, but in the village, the reality of oral hygiene is still low.Based on those thoughts the aim of this research is to found the level of children oral hygiene at the age of II-I2 years. The object of this research is Wonokromo village in the border city of Kebulnen confine between Sawangan village and Kaliputih village. The samples of this research are I13 students that consist of 56 boys and 57 girls from three elementary schools in Wonokromo village. This research uses cross sectional survey to see the level of Oral hygiene in children in the 6"’ year of elementary school. The parameter of this research is oral hygiene index. This research is analyzed by descriptive statistic method with SPSS 14. The result of this research showed that 1.0 as the lowest number of OHI-S, and the highest on 5.6. The average from all of the samples was 2.9 :1: 0.835 (moderate criteria). The good criteria of oral hygiene was found in boys, beside the moderate and low criteria was found in girls, the chi-square result showed that p = 0.835, that means there is no difference between boys and girls (p0.05). The conclusion of the research that the children in 6th years of elementary school in the Wonokromo village are on the moderate criteria of oral hygiene (OHI-S) level
The influence of mfp-implant on tissue pertinent changes of wistar rattus-rattus Widjijono Widjijono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 21 No 1, 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1161.216 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm0iss0pp46-51

Abstract

Fluoride for caries prevention if consumes for a long period, it is sometimes made bored. Normally, fluoride intake is uncontrolled and cause fluorosis. Alternatively, implant fluor becomes the controlled method. Te study was aimed to determine the influence of MFP-implant on tissue pertinent changes of Wistar Rattus-rattus. The research subjects were Rattus-rattus mother of 20 rats (2 days pregnant). Twenty rats were divided into 4 groups, namely control (K), implant P1, implant P2 and implant P3. Subcutaneous implantation was done on rat back. On the 8th day, euthanasia was done. Excission was done surround the implant tissue, then blocked and fixed by formalin buffer. The specimen was cut along the implant tissue were examined by light microscope. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistic. The result showed that the incision was cured on the 5th – 7th day. Tissue pertinent changes determination showed that there was lipid cell infiltration and relatively thicker of tissue on implant P3 and. there was not any inflammation cell infiltrated and fibrous tissue. In conclusion, the infiltration of lipid cell on implant P3. The implant P2 was fulfilled the requirement of implant devices.Key words : MFP-implant, pertinent changes, rat
Pengaruh posisi dan fraksi volumetrik fiber polyethylene terhadap kekuatan fleksural fiber reinforced composite (The effect of position and volumetric fraction polyethylene fiber on the flexural strength of fiber reinforced composite) Catur Septommy; Widjijono Widjijono; Rini Dharmastiti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 1 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (433.54 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i1.p52-56

Abstract

Background: Composite resin is a combination of filler and matrix. The additional of fiber in the composite resin has a function as load-bearing in mastication. Polyethylene fiber has been used as a reinforced to receive the forces on the fixed denture fiber reinforced composite (FRC). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine effect of position and olumetric fraction of fibers on the flexural strength and modulus polyethylene FRC. Methods: This study used 7 groups with variations in the position and the volume of fiber. Group I, position compression volume 1 sheet; group II, 2 volume compression sheet position; group III, volume 1 sheet neutral position; group IV, neutral position volume 2 sheets; group V, position tension volume 1 sheet; group VI position tension volume 2 sheets; and group VII without fiber. Each group consisted of 6 samples and FRC rod-shaped samples with size (25 x2 x 2) mm. Samples were tested by three-point bending test with a universal testing machine. The data were analyzed by two-way Anova and LSD test continued (α = 0,05). Results: Group VI had the highest mean flexural strength than others (360.74 MPa) and group IV had the highest flexural modulus than others (3.56 GPa). The flexural strength and modulus with the variation of position or volume showed a significant differences (p<0.05), while the interaction between position and volume showed no significant difference (p>0.05). Conclusions: The position fiber on tension and additional two strips on volumetric fiber affected the increasing flexural strength and modulus of FRC.Latar belakang: Komposit merupakan gabungan filler dan matriks. Penambahan fiber pada komposit berfungsi sebagai penahan beban pengunyahan. Polyethylene fiber telah digunakan sebagai penguat dalam menerima gaya-gaya pada gigi tiruan cekat fiber reinforced composite (FRC). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh posisi dan fraksi volumetrik fiber pada kekuatan fleksural polyethylene FRC. Metode: Penelitian ini membuat 7 kelompok sampel polyethylene FRC dengan variasi posisi dan volume fiber. Kelompok I, posisi compression volume 1 lembar; kelompok II, posisi compression volume 2 lembar; kelompok III, posisi netral volume 1 lembar; kelompok IV, posisi netral volume 2 lembar; kelompok V, posisi tension volume 1 lembar; kelompok VI, posisi tension volume 2 lembar; dan kelompok VII, tanpa fiber. Setiap kelompok terdiri atas 6 sampel dan sampel berbentuk batang FRC dengan ukuran (25x2x2) mm. Sampel diuji dengan three-point bending test dengan universal testing machine. Data dianalisis dengan two-way anova dan dilanjutkan uji LSD (α=0.05). Hasil: Rerata kekuatan fleksural kelompok VI paling tinggi (360.74 MPa) dan kelompok IV memiliki modulus fleksural tertinggi (3.56 GPa). Kekuatan dan modulus fleksural dengan variasi posisi atau volume menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (p<0.05) sedangkan interaksi antara posisi dan volume menunjukkan perbedaan tidak bermakna (p>0.05). Simpulan: Posisi fiber pada sisi tension FRC dan penambahan volume 2 lembar fiber akan meningkatkan kekuatan fleksural FRC.
The effect of monofluorophosphate implant in white rat mothers towards the level of fluor in the incisors of their young babies (Rattus-rattus) Widjijono Widjijono
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 43 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (190.255 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v43.i2.p72-75

Abstract

Background: Fluoride has been widely used in the prevention of dental caries for a long time. To prevent dental caries, fluoride must be induced in low amount at high frequency. Inducing it through implantation process even make slow release of small concentration of fluoride. Purpose: The aim of this research was to analyze whether the induction of monofluorophosphate (MFP) implant into the white rat mothers affects the level of fluoride in the incisors of their young babies. Method: The objects of the research were twenty white rat mothers in two days of pregnancy which then were divided into four groups (n=5). First, those mothers have been induced with implant under their back skin until their born young babies in the age of 35 days (n=5). The level of fluoride in the incisors of those young babies then is measured with Potentiometer. The obtained data were finally analyzed with One-Way ANOVA test and continued by with LSD test (p=0.05). Result: The result of this research showed that the means of the fluoride level in the incisors of those babies divided into those four groups in series were about 11956.16±201.35 ppb (K), 27328.04±234.56 ppb (P1), 37267.21±248.86 ppb (P2), and 18103.50±267.11 ppb (P3). The result of ANOVA test then showed that the induction of various MFP implant levels significantly affected the level of fluoride in the incisors of the babies. The mean differences among the treatment groups after being tested with LSD 0.05 were also significant. Conclusion: The finding confirm that the significant increasing of the optimal fluoride retention in the incisors of white rat babies can be achieved with the induction of fluoride with MFP ions implant in about 52.98 mg.Latar belakang: Pencegahan karies gigi menggunakan senyawa fluor telah banyak dilakukan dan berlangsung dalam jangka waktu lama. Pemberian fluor dalam jumlah rendah dan frekuensi tinggi merupakan pemenuhan kebutuhan pencegahan karies gigi. Pemberian dengan cara implantasi memberikan keluaran fluor jumlah kecil dan waktu lama. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah induk tikus yang diberi implan-MFP berpengaruh terhadap kandungan fluor gigiseri anak tikus. Metode: Subjek penelitian adalah 20 ekor induk tikus putih bunting 2 hari dibagi 4 kelompok (n=5). Induk diberi implan pada bawah-kulit punggung hingga anak tikus lahir dan pada umur 35 hari (n=5). Kandungan fluor pada gigi seri anak tikus diukur menggunakan Potensiometer. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Anova 1 jalur dilanjutkan uji LSD (p=0,05). Hasil: penelitian menunjukkan rerata fluor gigiseri anak tikus berturut-turut sebesar: 11956,16±201,35 ppb (K), 27328,04±234.56 ppb (P1), 37267,21±248.86 ppb (P2), dan 18103,50±267,11 ppb (P3). Hasil: Anava membuktikan bahwa ada pengaruh bermakna akibat variasi kadar MFP dalam implan terhadap kandungan fluor gigi anak tikus. Beda rerata antar kelompok perlakuan diuji dengan LSD0,05 memperlihatkan perbedaan bermakna pada semua kelompok. Kesimpulan: Penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kenaikan secara bermakna terhadap retensi fluor optimal dalam gigiseri tikus putih pada pemberian fluoridasi menggunakan implan dengan muatan MFP: 52,98 mg.
Mechanical properties of carving wax with various Ca-bentolite filter composition Widjijono Widjijono; Purwanto Agustiono; Dyah Irnawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 42 No. 3 (2009): September 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (223.079 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v42.i3.p114-117

Abstract

Background: The carving wax is used as a medium in dental anatomy study. This wax composes of many waxes and sometimes a filler is added. Carving wax is not sold in Indonesian market. Whereas the gradients of carving wax such as beeswax, paraffin and bentonite are abundant in Indonesia. Based on that fact, to make high quality and standard,the exact composition if this carving wax should be known. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of carving wax composition with Ca-bentonite filler on the melting point, hardness, and thermal expansion. Methods: Five carving wax compositions were made with paraffin, Ca-bentonite, carnauba wax, and beeswax in ratio (% weight): 50:20:25:5 (KI), 55:15:25:5 (KII), 60:10:25:5 (KIII), 65:5:25:5 (KIV), 70:0:25:5(KV). All components were melted, then poured into the melting point, hardness, and thermal expansion moulds (n = 5). Three carving wax properties were tested: melting point by melting point apparatus; hardness by penetrometer; thermal expansion by digital sliding caliper. The data were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA and LSD0.05. Result: The Ca-bentonite addition influenced the melting point and thermal expansion of carving wax with significant differences between KI and other groups (p < 0.05). Ca-bentonite addition influenced the carving wax hardness and the mean differences among the groups were significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Ca-bentonite filler addition on the composition of carving wax influenced the physical and mechanical properties. The carving wax with high Ca-bentonite concentration had high melting point and hardness, but low thermal expansion.
Effects of filler volume of nanosisal in compressive strength of composite resin Dwi Aji Nugroho; W. Widjijono; N. Nuryono; Widya Asmara; Wijayanti Dwi Aastuti; Dana Ardianata
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 50 No. 4 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (539.869 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v50.i4.p183-187

Abstract

Background: One of the composite resin composition is inorganic filler. The production of inorganic filler materials was highly dependent on non-degradable, and nonrenewable fossil fuels. Therefore, natural fibers can be used as substitute for inorganic fillers. One that can be developed is sisal. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of nanosisal filler volume on compressive strength of composite resin. Methods: In this study, composite resins with nano-sized sisal as filler were manufactured and labeled as nanosisal composites. This research processed sisal fibers into nano size and mixed them with Bis-GMA, UDMA, TEGDMA, Champhorquinone (Sigma Aldrich). Nanofiller composite (Z350 XT, 3M, ESPE) was utilized as a control. The 20 samples utilized were divided into 4 groups (each group containing five samples): Group A contained nanosisal composite of 60% filler volume, group B, nanosisal composite of 65% filler volume, group C, nanosisal composite of 70% filler volume and group D, nanofiller composite (Z350 XT, 3M, ESPE). Samples were 2 mm in diameter and 6 mm in height. The sample was tested for compressive strength using a universal testing machine (UTM). Data was analyzed by means of a Kruskal Wallis procedure. Results: The mean of the compressive strength of the nanosisal composite 60% was 16.80 MPa; the nanosisal composite 65% was 10.80 MPa, the nanosisal composite 70% was 7.20 MPa and the nanofiller composite was 7.40 MPa. There was a significant difference in data analysis (p = 0.033; p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the filler volume of nanosisal influenced the compressive strength of a composite resin and the nanosisal filler volume was recomended at 60%.
The Effect of Varying Water to Powder Ratios on the Microhardness and Microstructure of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Rethy Den; Rini Dharmastiti; Nuryono Nuryono; Leny Yuliatun; Widjijono Widjijono
Journal of Material Processing and Characterization Vol 1, No 2 (2020): Articles
Publisher : Departmen Teknik Mesin dan Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (498.116 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jmpc.68279

Abstract

The composition of water and powder in a mixture is one of the common problems in application as clinicians typically estimate the ratio chairside. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of varying water-to-powder ratios on the microhardness and microstructure of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). ROOTDENT MTA was investigated. One gram of cement was mixed with 0.28, 0.33, and 0.40 grams of distilled water and was stored for 1, 7, and 28 days in the water. Samples were subjected to x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and microhardness tests. Tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, zirconium dioxide, calcium carbonate, and calcium hydroxide were detected by XRD. SEM showed the presence of amorphous, porous capillary channel and capillary structure on the surface of the specimens. The SEM image for each water-to-powder ratio of the surface of the material was indistinguishable from the other. The highest microhardness was exhibited by the MTA specimen with the 0.33 water-to-powder ratio submerged in the water for 28 days.
Deposition of Hydroxyapatite on Silica Made from Rice Husk Ash to Produce the Powder Component of Calcium Phosphate Cement Tri Windarti; Widjijono Widjijono; Nuryono Nuryono
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.57900

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been deposited on silica (SiO2) particles to produce HA-SiO2 composite that will be used as the powder component of calcium phosphate cement. HA was expected to be on the composite surface to maintain its bioactivity. SiO2 was made by the sol-gel method, in which silicate solution was extracted from rice husk ash with NaOH solution. Deposition of HA on SiO2 was carried out by wet chemical deposition method at various Ca/Si molar ratio (in a range of 5–25) followed by calcination at 600 °C for 2 h. Results showed that HA was successfully deposited on SiO2 particles. The cell parameters of the HA crystals were slightly distorted by the presence of SiO2 and HA in the composite had a bigger cell volume than pure HA. The crystallite size of HA in the composites increased with the increase of the Ca/Si ratio but the values were smaller than pure HA. SiO2 acted as a morphology directing agent. At low Ca/Si ratio, the HA-SiO2 particles were in a form of short rod-like particles with sizes of < 50 nm, while at high Ca/Si ratio, a mixture of short and long rod-like particles with the size of < 100 nm was obtained. The zeta potential of composites was almost similar to pure HA. These properties indicated that HA-SiO2 composites support the bioactivity of injectable calcium phosphate cement.
Bacterial adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to cobalt chromium recast alloys Dewi Arsih Sulistiani; Widjijono Widjijono; Rini Dharmastiti
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.53329

Abstract

Cobalt chromium (CoCr) alloys are utilized to make dental prosthesis. Casting CoCr alloys is a common operation in dentistry laboratories due to its low cost. Casting surplus (metal remaining in the sprue and crucible former) is frequently reused by dental laboratories to reduce and recycle metal waste. However, the quality and safety of these recast alloys require further information. Microbial attachment to the surface of metal prostheses may affect its quality and safety. Biofilm formation on metal surface can cause biocorrosion and secondary infection. The effects of different proportions of recast Cobalt Chromium alloy on the bacterial adhesion are not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate how recasting affects the Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) adhesion. Twenty disk-shaped specimens (n= 20, allocated for 5 groups) were prepared from CoCr alloys (Remanium GM; Dentaurum) with different proportions (100% new alloy, 25% recast alloy, 50% recast alloy, 75% recast alloy, and 100% recast alloy). After the immersion of the specimens in bacterial suspension for 24 hours, the number of bacteria that adhere to the specimen’s surface was counted using Colony Forming Units. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). The bacterial adhesion was significantly affected by the recast alloys (p < 0.05). An increased proportion of CoCr recast alloys showed an increase in S. mutans adhesion to the specimen surface.
Effect of two different materials in sealing vertical root fractures of intentional replantation on epithelial thickness of periradicular tissue Raphael Tri Endra Untara; Widjijono Widjijono; Widya Asmara; Diatri Nari Ratih
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 7, No 2 (2021): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.66092

Abstract

Vertical root fractures of intentional replantation need a material capable of binding the fragments of the fracture line tightly and encouraging the regeneration of periradicular tissue. One of the indicators that regeneration of periradicular tissue takes place is epithelial thickness. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and self-adhesive resin cement as the adhesive materials in sealing vertical root fractures of intentional replantation on the epithelial thickness of periradicular tissue. This study used 27 male New Zealand rabbits with the age range of 8-12 weeks. The mandibular incisor was extracted, and the tooth was cut from the cervical border to the 2/3 apical third. The samples were assigned randomly into three groups of 9 each, namely Group 1 with no application of any material in the fracture line (control group), Group 2 with MTA, and Group 3 with self-adhesive resin cement. All the teeth in all the groups were then inserted back into the socket. Each group was further divided into three subgroups based on the observation time, namely days 7, 14, and 21. Histological observations of the epithelial thickness were carried out under the light microscope (400x magnification). Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test with a confidence level of 95%. The two-way ANOVA analysis showed that the materials used for sealing the fracture lines had a significant effect on the epithelial thickness (p<0.05), while the observation time did not affect the epithelial thickness (p>0.05). No interaction occurred between the material used and observation times (p>0.05). It can be concluded that MTA generated a greater epithelial thickness of periradicular tissue compared than self-adhesive resin cement in sealing vertical root fractures of intentional replantation.