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Optimasi Sabun Cair Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Zingiber officinale Rosc. var.rubrum dengan Variasi Minyak Jarak dan Kalium Hidroksida Nanda Paramita; Andhi Fahrurroji; Bambang Wijianto
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 2 No. 5 (2014): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v2i5.76

Abstract

One of the causes of skin diseases are bacterial infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Based on previous studies of red ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc var.rubrum) have antibacterial activity. The aimed of this research was to find the optimum concentration of castor oil and potassium hydroxide (KOH) with good physicochemical properties with Simplex Lattice Design method, and determine the effectiveness of liquid soap against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis with disc diffusion test. Extraction of red ginger with shoxletation and 96% ethanol. The optimization liquid soap design was using Simplex Lattice Design. The basic liquid soap composition was used to predict the optimum formula contain castor oil and KOH for comparasion (0: 100), (25:75), (50:50), (75:25), (100: 0). The research showed optimum consentration value of red ginger ethanol extract is 5%. The optimum formulas contained of 40,035 g of castor oil and 10,875 g KOH. The optimum liquid soap’s colour was brown, charateristic smell of ginger, stiff, with a pH value of 9,4, viscosity of 1233 cP, 1,14% free fatty acids and alkali-free 0%. The independent T test result by using the R-2.14.1 program was p values > 0.05 against S. epidermidis and p <0.05 against S. aureus. As conclusion, the Simplex Lattice Design can produce optimum liquid soap formulas and give antibacterial effectiveness.Keywords: Castor Oil, KOH, Simplex Lattice Design, Red GingerABSTRAKPenyebab terjadinya infeksi penyakit kulit adalah bakteri, seperti Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) dan Staphylococcus epidermidis (S.epidermidis). Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya jahe merah (zingiber officinale Rosc var.rubrum) memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui konsentrasi optimum minyak jarak dan kalium hidroksida (KOH) dengan memiliki sifat fisikokimia yang baik dengan metode Simplex Lattice Design, serta mengetahui efektivitas sabun cair terhadap S. aureus dan S.epidermidis dengan metode disc diffusion. Simplisia diekstraksi menggunakan sokletasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Perancangan formula optimum sabun cair menggunakan metode Simplex Lattice Design. Rancangan formula awal untuk memprediksi formula optimum terdiri dari 5 formula dengan perbandingan minyak jarak dan KOH (0:100), (25:75), (50:50), (75:25), (100:0). Berdasarkan pengujian aktivitas zat aktif diperoleh konsentrasi optimum yaitu 5%. Rancangan formula sabun cair optimum terdiri dari 40,035 g minyak jarak dan 10,875 g KOH. Sabun cair optimum berwarna coklat, bau khas jahe, cairan kental, dengan nilai pH 9,4, viskositas 1233 cP, asam lemak bebas 1,14% dan alkali bebas 0%. Uji T independent dengan program R-2141 menghasilkan nilai p>0,05 terhadap S. epidermidis dan p<0,05 terhadap S.aureus. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa metode Simplex Lattice Design dapat menghasilkan formula sabun cair yang optimum dan memiliki efektivitas sebagai antibakteri. Kata kunci: Minyak Jarak, KOH, Simplex Lattice Design, Rimpang Jahe Merah
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Hidrogel Mukoadhesif Metronidazole Menggunakan Kombinasi Kitosan dan Natrium Karboksimetilselulosa Andhi Fahrurroji; Bambang Wijianto; Agus Styawan
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2020): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v2i3.118

Abstract

Antibiotik metronidazole merupakan suatu antibiotik yang sering digunakan pada pengobatan infeksi, salah satu penggunaannya adalah dalam pengobati infeksi Helicobacter pylori. Antibiotik ini memiliki kelarutan yang relatif tinggi pada kondisi asam yaitu 30,6 mg/mL pada pH 1, sebagai upaya untuk mengoptimalkan kelarutan tersebut maka dilakukan pengembangan sediaan yang bertahan lama pada kondisi lambung sediaan tersebut adalah dalam bentuk hidrogel mukoadhesif yang dapat mempertahankan waktu tinggal di lambung lebih lama sehingga terapi infeksi H.pylori lebih optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melihat pengaruh penggunaan kombinasi polimer kitosan dan natrium karboksimetilselulosa yang dapat mengontrol pelepasan metronidazole secara in vitro dalam sediaan hidrogel. Metode yang digunakan untuk memprediksi formula tersebut adalah menggunakan desain faktorial yang selanjutnya diambil formula optimumnya. Rancangan formula awal untuk memprediksi formula optimum terdiri dari 4 formula dengan perbandingan polimer kitosan dan natrium karboksimetilselulosa berturut-turut 0,5:1,5; 1,0:1,5; 0,5:3,0; dan 1,0:3,0. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan formula optimum dengan perbandingan polimer kitosan dan natrium karboksimetilselulosa sebesar 1,0% (kitosan) dan 3,0% (natrium karboksimetilselulosa), dengan respon untuk kemampuan mengembang sebesar 96,95%; kekuatan mukoadhesif sebesar 0,1911 N/cm2; dengan pelepasan obat sebesar 67,457 % dan mekanisme pelepasan obat mengikuti sistem difusi Fick. Berdasarkan uji independent sampel t-test pada program SPSS 22 menjelaskan bahwa formula hasil observasi tidak berbeda siginifikan dengan hasil prediksi (p-value>0,05).
Studi Molecular Docking Senyawa Isoniazid Termodifikasi pada Sintase Asam Mikolat Dinding Sel Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Buannata, Jordi; Wijianto, Bambang; Arief, Ihsanul
Acta Chimica Asiana Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Indonesian Chemical Society, Chapter Nusa Tenggara and The University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/aca.v7i2.173

Abstract

Using the isoniazid in antituberculosis therapy can lead to mutations in the KatG and inhA genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in the development of resistance and necessitating modifications to the isoniazid compound. This study aims to assess the potential and level of toxicity of modified compounds, namely 4-pyridine carboxylic acid, pyridine aldehyde, and methyl pyridine, on the mycolic acid receptor through a molecular docking approach. PyRx was employed for the docking process using a protocol with an exhaustiveness of 106 and a center grid box at X=42.424, Y=22.4321, and Z=46.6391. Additionally, the ProTox-II website was used to determine the toxicity level of the test compounds. The results obtained from this research consist of the respective affinity values of the test compounds: -6, -5.4, and -5.2 kcal/mol. The toxicity levels of the test compounds are as follows: class 5, class 4, and class 4. All test compounds interact with amino acids on the target protein, specifically with residue numbers Histidine (HIS A:8), Phenylalanine (PHE A:142) through hydrogen bonding, Leucine (LEU A:95) through pi-Sigma (π) bonding, and Valine (VAL A:12) through pi-Alkyl (π) bonding. In conclusion, the 4-pyridine carboxylic acid compound exhibits potential as a promising drug candidate but comes with a high level of toxicity
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN EKSTRAK KLOROFORM SIPUT ONCHIDID (Onchidium thyphae) SEBAGAI PENUMBUH RAMBUT PADA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) Wijianto, Bambang; Wijianto, Bambang Wijianto; Pratiwi, liza; Utami, Amanda Yanasari
Jurnal Insan Farmasi Indonesia Vol 7 No 3 (2024): Jurnal Insan Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan ISFI Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36387/fba2x720

Abstract

Hair loss is a problem that can affect appearance. A natural ingredient that can address hair loss treatment is the extract of the onchidiid snail. This study aims to test the hair growth effectiveness of ethanol and chloroform extracts of the onchidiid snail on white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The test groups of rats were divided into several groups: the Negative Group (CN), the Positive Group (CP) with candlenut oil, Treatment Group I (K1) with Chloroform Extract of the Onchidiid Snail, and Treatment Group II (K2) with Ethanol Extract of the Onchidiid Snail. Hair growth length was measured daily and processed using Image J software. The hair growth effectiveness test showed that over 14 days, the chloroform extract (K1) produced faster results compared to the other three groups, with a hair growth result of 1.61 cm on the 14th day. The findings of this study conclude that the chloroform extract of the onchidiid snail effectively promotes hair growth in male Wistar strain white rats.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Nano Liquid Aromaterapi bagi Kader PKK Desa Wajok Hilir di Kabupaten Mempawah: Training on Manufacturing Aromatherapy Nano liquid for PKK Cadres in Wajok Hilir Village in Mempawah District Pratiwi, Liza; Wijianto, Bambang; Fahrurroji, Andhi; Yuswar, Muhammad Akib
PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/pengabdianmu.v9i3.6251

Abstract

So far, essential oils have only been used as perfume and sold as raw material. On average, residents of Wajok Hilir village have yards covered with essential oil-producing plants such as lavender, lemongrass, and coconut. The aim of the PKM Program is training in utilizing community resources to make essential oils for aromatherapy in nano-liquid preparations. The development of this product must be oriented towards developing a practice that is easy to apply and environmentally friendly without ignoring environmental health. The solution to overcome existing problems is to provide knowledge to partners about the benefits of nano liquid preparations as aromatherapy and mosquito repellent and training on using essential oils as aromatherapy. Pharmacists provided training on making "nano liquid" products. This training activity will involve PKK cadres from Wajok Hilir village. The output target of this activity is to increase the level of quality empowerment of partners by driving sustainable activity programs from product results. This service activity showed that the 31 participants comprised the majority of women and homemakers, 77.4% with a high school education level. The results of measuring participants' knowledge and skills showed an increase in the pre-test and post-test scores, which were 55.5 and 78.33, respectively. In conclusion, the service activities that have been carried out have increased the knowledge and abilities of participants regarding the use of essential oils as aromatherapy in the form of nano-liquid preparations.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Bangsal Penyakit Dalam di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dengan Metode ATC/DDD Periode Januari-Maret 2025: Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Internal Medicine Wards at Regional General Hospitals Using the ATC/DDD Method for the Period January-March 2025 Badaria, Lailatul; Nasution, Nuraini; Azura, Dhea Nur; Nadine, Shahira Audia; Ananda, Elcie; Wijianto, Bambang; Isnindar, Isnindar
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 7 No. 5 (2025): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v7i5.2551

Abstract

Resistance can occur in several types of microorganisms with high prevalence that threaten human health. To reduce the occurrence of antibiotic resistance, an evaluation of antibiotic use is needed to determine the rational use of drugs using a quantitative method, namely the ATC/DDD method. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of antibiotics and an overview of antibiotic use patterns in inpatients in the internal medicine ward at the Regional General Hospital for the period January-March 2025 using the ATC/DDD method. This study is a descriptive study with data collection carried out retrospectively through a review of medical record documents available in the SIMRS application, manual prescriptions, and electronic prescriptions at the Regional General Hospital for the period January-March 2025. The results obtained from this study showed that the most widely used antibiotic was ceftriaxone with a figure of 59.47 DDD/100 patient days. The majority of patients were male and over 60 years old, with the three most common diagnoses being diarrhea, typhoid fever, and chronic kidney disease, and with a length of hospitalization of 3-6 days so that the use of antibiotics at the Regional General Hospital was rational in accordance with the line therapy according to the most common disease. Keywords:          Antibiotic Use Evaluation, ATC/DDD Method   Abstrak Resistensi dapat terjadi pada beberapa jenis mikroorganisme dengan prevalensi tinggi yang mengancam kesehatan manusia. Untuk mengurangi terjadinya resistensi antibiotik diperlukan evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik untuk menentukan penggunaan obat secara rasional dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif yaitu metode ATC/DDD. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui penggunaan antibiotik dan gambaran pola penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien rawat inap di bangsal penyakit dalam di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Periode Januari-Maret 2025 menggunakan metode ATC/DDD. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan secara retrospektif melalui peninjauan dokumen rekam medis yang tersedia di aplikasi SIMRS, resep manual, dan resep elektronik di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah periode Januari-Maret 2025. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini bahwa bahwa antibiotik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah ceftriaxone dengan angka 59,47 DDD/100 patient days. Mayoritas pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan berusia lebih dari 60 tahun, dengan tiga diagnosis terbanyak yaitu diare, demam tifoid, dan penyakit ginjal kronik, serta dengan lama rawat inap selama 3-6 hari sehingga penggunaan antibiotik di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah sudah rasional sesuai dengan lini terapi sesuai penyakit terbanyak. Kata Kunci:         Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik, Metode ATC/DDD
In Silico Study of Cephalosporin against Penicillin binding Protein Zikri, Tan Muhamad; Wijianto, Bambang; Sari, Rafika
Journal Pharmacy Of Tanjungpura Vol 1, No 2 (2024): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The Antibiotic resistance is increasing in almost all classes of antibiotics, including cephalosporins. The purpose of research is to find the QSAR equation of cephalosporin against penicillin binding protein and obtain the modified compound which is predicted to have better activity than other cephalosporin drugs through the QSAR equation and docking study. The research was started by analyzing QSAR using the BUILDQSAR program, then the QSAR equation was obtained which was used to design new compounds from the cephalosporin group that were more potent. The results of the new design cephalosporin are docked using the Autodock Vina program to determine the antibacterial potential and binding to receptors. Receptor validation was using the pymol program. The best formula of QSAR is -LOG 1/IC50 = - 0.0419 ( ± 0.0109) HYDRATION ENERGY - 6.2516 ( ± 3.0111) qN10 + 0.0523 ( ± 0.0159) POLARIZABILITY - 5.2468 ( ± 1.3254) qC2 + 0.6014 ( ± 0.9884) qC3 + 0.0020 ( ± 0.0010) HEAT OF FORMATION - 5.5042 ( ± 1.6295) qN7 + 2.1201 ( ± 0.7903). Three cephalosporin-modified ligands from QSAR equation and study of literature is named TBS 1, TBS 2, TBS 3. The Ligands is modified by the subtitution of electron withdrawing group in C3 and subtitution of structure that increase the antibacterial activity in C9 and C11. Log1/IC50 score of TBS 1, TBS 2 and TBS 3 are 8.4, 7.9 and 6.4 which is higher than another cephalosporin's derrivates Log1/IC50 score. four ligands including cefmetazole as control positive are docked with PBP2a as receptor. The score docking (afinity) of the TBS 1, TBS 2, TBS 3 and cefmetazole are -7.5, -7.4 -7.5 and 6.8. It Shows the cephalosporin-modified ligand have better activity than cefmetazole against PBP2a receptor. The conclusion of the research is the QSAR equation's is found and three cephalosporin-modified is predicted to have better antibacterial activity.
KKN Tematik: Membangun Kesadaran Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Desa Jeruju Besar: KKN Tematik: Building Awareness to The Prevention and Control of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Jeruju Besar Village Ropiqa, Meri; Wijianto, Bambang; Angellica, Grecya; Yanastya, Salsa Yoana; Putri, Alifa Rapaella Fadia Tito
PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 9 No. 7 (2024): PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/pengabdianmu.v9i7.6666

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is caused by the bite of the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue hemorrhagic fever cases that occurred in Kubu Raya have reached 1,061 cases with 4 deaths, as of November 22 2023. The importance of preventing and controlling dengue fever needs to be done to reduce the increasing number of dengue fever cases that occur so that this problem is raised as KKN theme in Jeruju Besar Village. The KKN implementation was carried out in Jeruju Besar Village with a program to prevent and control dengue hemorrhagic fever which included socialization, training in making larvicide and wall magazine, also providing larvicide products, posters and platelet-increasing food. The results of evaluation show that there was an influence of the socialization carried out on increasing knowledge and understanding regarding dengue prevention and control among village residents from an average value of 59.24 to 87.83 and among elementary school students from an average value of 55.09 to 82 .61 which is supported by the Paired Sample T Test. The result of questionnaires also showed a good level of satisfaction from residents, where 82.61% felt that the were useful. Overall, the program implemented went well according to plan and received a very good response so that it was able to increase understanding and knowledge, also increase awareness in preventing and controlling the spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever among the residents of Jeruju Besar Village.
UJI ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK METANOL SIPUT ONCHIDIID (Onchidium typhae) DENGAN METODE DPPH Guci Intan Kemuning; Bambang Wijianto; Andhi Fahrurroji
Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): NOVEMBER : Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jikki.v2i3.810

Abstract

Siput Onchidid (Onchidium typhae) merupakan spesies dalam kelas gastropoda yang dapat ditemukan di daerah pesisir pulau Buton dan juga Madura dan Kalimantan Barat.. Siput onchidid diketahui memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder berupa steroid yang dapat berpotensi sebagai antioksdian. Penelitian ini membahas tentang uji antioksidan di dalam siput onchidid dengan metode DPPH (1,1- diphenil-2-pikrilhirazil) dengan menggunakan pelarut methanol dan pengujian skrining senyawa metabolik ekstrak dengan uji fitokimia pada ekstrak yang meliputi uji steroid, alkaloid, dan steroid. Hasil pengujian didapat bahwa ekstrak metanol siput onchidid memiliki terdapat senyawa metabolik sekunder dari golongan alkaloid dan steroid yang ditandai dengan reaksi positif. Hasil uji antioksidan dengan metode DPPH dengan senyawa pembanding vitamin C. Penelitian menunjukkan besar aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak metanol siput onchidid yang dinyatakan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 92,045 yang dikategorikan antioksidan kategori kuat.
Formulasi NLC-Stick Ekstrak Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Shea Butter dan Asam Stearat Damanik, Virna Helena; Pratiwi, Liza; Wijianto, Bambang
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v7i1.16719

Abstract

NLC of telang flower extract has an effect as a sunscreen to protect the skin from sunlight. Stick preparation in NLC formulation can facilitate the use of sunscreen. This study aims to determine and compare variations in the concentration of Shea Butter (as a Base) and stearic acid (as a Harding Agent) and obtain the results of physical evaluation of variations in the concentration of Shea butter and Stearic Acid. NLCs of telang flower extract were formulated into formulas with varying concentrations of shea butter and stearic acid in the ratio of 80:20; 50:50; 20:80. Furthermore, the physical properties of NLC-Stick of bay flower extract were evaluated, including organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, melting time test, and spreadability test. The results showed that the optimal variation of shea butter and stearic acid concentration was 50:50. The optimum formula of NLC-Stick of telang flower extract has a colour like the active substance, solid shape, soft aroma, homogeneous, pH of 4.56 ± 0.3, melting time test of 21 minutes, and spreadability test of 3 cm. NLC-Stick with varying concentrations of shea butter:stearic acid (50:50) has a physical evaluation that meets the stick requirements.