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All Journal Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Science Majalah Obat Tradisional INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Jurnal Biodjati Majalah Farmaseutik JFIOnline Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR) Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Nunung Yuniarti
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Comparison of Thin Layer Hydration and Dispersion Method of Transfersome Formulation Containing Hyaluronic Acid and Glutathione as Antioxidant Dian Ermawati; Adhyatmika; Yuniarti, Nunung; Teuku Nanda Saifullah Sulaiman
Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/farmasains.v11i1.44450

Abstract

Glutathione is a tripeptide (L-ᵞ-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) that serves as an antioxidant in the body and can be coupled with hyaluronic acid for anti-aging purposes. Glutathione, being hydrophilic, encounters challenges in penetrating the stratum corneum barrier to access the deeper epidermal layers; thus, a transfersome delivery mechanism is requisite. This study aimed to examine the synthesis of transfersome containing glutathione and hyaluronic acid using the thin layer hydration method and the dispersion method. The characteristics measured included organoleptic properties, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), entrapment efficiency, and antioxidant activity assessed via the DPPH method. Particle size and PDI were found to be 124.5 ± 14.11 nm, 0.367± 0.07 for thin layer hydration method and 583.03 ± 32.41 nm, 0.595 ± 0.03 for dispersion method respectively. Entrapment efficiency showed that the thin layer hydration method was greater at 35.65% ± 3.54 compared to the dispersion method at 19.10 % ± 1.13. Antioxidant activity showed the inhibition in thin layer hydration and dispersion method was 42.48% ± 0.84 and 41.23% ± 2.09 respectively. In conclusion, the thin layer hydration method gives more optimal results than the dispersion method.
Comparative Physicochemical Characterization of Porcine, Fish, and Bovine Gelatin in Gummy Candies: Toward Halal Nutraceutical Development Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian; Darsih, Cici; Yuniarti, Nunung; Rumiyati, Rumiyati; Abidin, Mohammad Zainal
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Gummy candies have emerged as one of the most popular dosage forms for multivitamins and nutraceutical supplements, including those for brain health. Gelatin is the primary gelling agent used to achieve the gummy texture; however, the influence of different gelatin sources on the physicochemical properties of gummies has not been systematically examined. This study investigated the physicochemical characteristics of gummies prepared with porcine, bovine, and fish gelatin. The gummies were evaluated for mechanical properties (gumminess, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, adhesiveness, and stringiness), color, water activity, antioxidant activity, and protein content. Additionally, the effects of intentional adulteration—specifically the addition of porcine gelatin to fish or bovine gelatin—were assessed. The results showed that gumminess, hardness, cohesiveness, and springiness were comparable across different gelatin sources, whereas adhesiveness and stringiness were highly sensitive to source variation. Notably, adulteration with porcine gelatin significantly altered those two parameters. These findings underscored the importance of verifying gelatin origin in gummy formulations, as source-related variations and gelatin adulteration could have a direct impact on product quality and performance.
Co-Authors Adhyatmika Ardiana Wati, Anas Ardiningtyas, Bondan Arko Jatmiko Wicaksono, Arko Jatmiko Cici Darsih Devi, Dwitya Devi Nurlistyo Dian Ermawati Ika Puspitasari Ilham Perdana Marlyn Dian Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian Mohammad Zainal Abidin Nur Hidayah, Arifatu Puji Astuti Rina Nur Maulawati, Rina Nur Ririn Suharsanti, Ririn Rumiyati, Rumiyati Subagus Wahyuono Sudibyo Martono Supardjan A.M., Supardjan SUWIJIYO PRAMONO Teuku Nanda Saifullah Sulaiman