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Phenotypic, Metabolic, and Genetic Diversity of the Indonesian Isolates of Rhizopus oligosporus CAHYA PRIHATNA; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2007): April 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (744.149 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.1.1.7

Abstract

Fifteen Rhizopus oligosporus isolates were isolated from a number of tempeh samples obtained from Mataram, Jember, and Bogor, Indonesia; and subjected for characterization based on phenotypic, metabolic, and genetic fingerprinting through internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Based on the growth on solid medium, they can be divided into three groups. Firstly, isolates that produced thick mycelia, dumpy sporangiophore, and scarce spores in agar culture, the second group is isolates that produced thin mycelia, stretched sporangiophore, with abundant spores in agar culture. The third group that only comprises one isolate, FB-06, is morphologically intermediate of the first and the second groups. These characters correlated with their range of temperature tolerance. The first group is less tolerant to high temperature (45 oC) compared with the second group, and the third group is the most tolerant to temperature up to 45 oC. Metabolic fingerprinting showed a very high polymorphism. In general, the result may explain a correlation in which isolates obtained from the same locations shared similar patterns. There is no correlation found between metabolic fingerprints and their phenotypic fingerprints. Rhizopus oligosporus readily dominated the niche and utilized nearly all carbon sources given demonstrate the versatile nature of this fungus. ITS regions identification revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms in four representative isolates examined, whereas AFLP fingerprinting determined each of representative isolates as individually unique. Furthermore, this AFLP profile seemed to agree with their phenotypic characters..
Genetic Diversity of Antifungi-Producing Rhizobacteria of Pseudomonas sp. Isolated from Rhizosphere of Soybean Plant SUSILOWATI1 SUSILOWATI1; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI; YULIN LESTARI; SURYO WIYONO; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1685.189 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.4.1.7

Abstract

Antifungi-producing rhizobacteria have been recognized playing an important role in plant disease suppression. In our laboratory, 13 indigenous soybeans' rhizobacteria Pseudomonas sp. that showed strong growth inhibition of root pathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Sclerotium rolfsii, have been isolated from rhizosphere of soybean plant. For further understanding, the genetic diversity of the antifungi-producing Pseudomonas sp. was investigated using Amplified 16S rDNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) and 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis. 16S rDNA were amplified by PCR technique and digested with restriction endonuclease HaeIII, RsaI and AluI. Sequences of 16S rRNA gene were analyzed using the BLAST program for similarity searches on sequence databases. ARDRA based dendrogram analysis was carried out by neighbor-joining of TREECON 1.3b software package. ARDRA indicated the variability of Pseudomonas sp. based on the digestion sites. Dendrogram clustering analysis based on the restriction enzymes profile of the amplified rDNA distinguished Pseudomonas sp. into 7 ribotype groups. The sequences of 16S rRNA gene confirmed that the isolates belonging to Pseudomonas sp. and the phylogenetic tree formed 4 clusters. There was a quite overlap among ARDRA groups and 16S rRNA sequence clusters. This finding suggested that antifungal producing Pseudomonas sp. were present in the rhizosphere of soybean plant and the level of genetic diversity exist within these species. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of the Pseudomonas sp. with an identical ARDRA pattern confirmed that members of an ARDRA group were closely related to each other.
Evidence for a Link Between Pathogenicity and the Role of ImpBacterial Transport Effector Proteins in Soybean Infection by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines ANTONIUS SUWANTO; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI; BUDI TJAHJONO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2007): August 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (970.126 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.1.2.2

Abstract

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is the causal agent of bacterial pustule disease of soybeans. A nonpathogenic mutant of Xag (M715) was constructed employing transposon mutagenesis which showed similar epiphytic survival in planta to its wild type strain (YR32). The objective of this work was to identify and to analyze genes involved in pathogenicity in Xag YR32. Inverse Polymerase Chain Reaction (IPCR) was used to isolate the DNA flanking transposon insertion. A 1.3 kb flanking DNA fragment was sequenced and analyzed employing BLAST program to study homology, the position of transposon insertion and to predict the structure and function of the gene. One of the Open Reading Frames (ORFs) shared homology with inner membrane proteins (imps) of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (GenBank accession No. NC 003919). Northern blot analysis revealed that an imps gene was monocistronic and the size of imps mRNA in YR32 was slightly longer than in M715. Reverse Transcriptase- PCR analysis demonstrated that the imps transcript in M715 was much less abundant than in the wild type YR32. Transposon (mini-Tn5-Kmr-Tpr) was determined to be inserted close to the end of C-terminal region of imps gene and might be sufficient to destabilize the imps transcript in M715 and so influence effectors transportation from Xag to plant cell.
The Dynamics of Bacterial Communities During Traditional Nata de Coco Fermentation CECILIA ANNA SEUMAHU; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; DEBORA HADISUSANTO; MAGGY THENAWIJAYA SUHARTONO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2007): August 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (582.948 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.1.2.4

Abstract

One of the important problems in traditional Nata de Coco (Nata) fermentation is production inconsistency due to strain or genetic variability reflecting mixed microbial communities involved in this process. This research was aimed at examine the population dynamics of the bacterial community during the fermentation processes. Samples were collected daily for six days from fermentation media derived from “good” and “bad” Nata fermentation. We compared the levels of bacterial diversity through amplified 16S-rRNA (ARDRA). DNA was extracted directly from the fermentation media and 16S-rRNA gene was amplified employing Universal Bacterial Primers. The amplicons were cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector, and restriction enzymes HaeIII and RsaI were used to generate ARDRA profiles. ARDRA phylotypes of DNA extracted from the fermentation medium obtained from different Nata qualities were compared. Phylotype profiles demonstrated unique bacterial community profiles for different conditions of Nata quality, which could be developed as a parameter to monitor Nata quality during fermentation. In this research we found that the dynamics of the bacterial population involved in Nata fermentation were a crucial factor for determining traditional Nata quality.
Prospective Use of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase-Producing Bacteria for Plant Growth Promotion and Defense against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Peat-Soil-Agriculture EDI HUSEN; ARIS TRI WAHYUDI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; RASTI SARASWATI
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 2 No. 3 (2008): December 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (77.904 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.2.3.2

Abstract

The 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase (EC4.1.99.4) is an enzyme produced by some soil bacteria to degrade ACC (the immediate precursor of ethylene) to reduce ethylene biosynthesis in higher plants. Increased concentrations of ethylene in plant tissues, which are triggered by various biotic and abiotic stresses, inhibits plant growth and weakens the plant defense against the stressors. Various findings on the successful use of ACC deaminase producing bacteria for plant growth under unfavorable soil conditions are inspiring their use in tropical peat-soil-agriculture, which possesses bio-physical constraints. It has been proven that inoculation of plants with ACC deaminase producing bacteria decreased ethylene inhibition generated by unfavorable environmental conditions, such as nutrient shortage, flooding, drought, high salts, and the presence of heavy metals and organic pollutants. Understanding the mechanisms by which ACC deaminase-producing bacteria act to reduce plant stress and the fitness of bacterial traits with the properties and constraints of peat-soils becomes a key to utilize these bacteria in improving crop productivity. The bacteria may ameliorate plant stress as well as promote plant growth under seasonal bio-physical changes of peat-soils that are usually encountered in the field.
Activity of Proteolytic and Amylolytic Enzymes from Bacillus spp. Isolated from Shrimp Ponds IT JAMILAH; ANJA MERYANDINI; IMAN RUSMANA; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2009): August 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (102.373 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.3.2.4

Abstract

Accumulation of feed excess in commercial shrimp ponds due to overfeeding could decrease water quality. Protein and starch are the primary components of shrimp feed. This study was conducted to characterize extracellular proteases and amylases of Bacillus spp. isolated from shrimp ponds. 72 proteolytic and amylolytic Bacillus spp. isolates were screened from shrimp ponds in Karawang, West Java. Ten isolates were selected for further characterization for their growth and ability to reduce total suspended solid generated from commercial shrimp feed. Bacillus sp. DA 5.2.3 and L5 showed excellent activity in reducing total suspended solid, by 37 and 30% respectively. Protease and a-amylase activities of Bacillus sp. DA 5.2.3 isolate were consistently higher than that of L5. Maximum total and specific protease activity of DA 5.2.3 isolate was 2.0 U mL-1 and 40.9 U mg-1 respectively, while the activities of the L5 isolate were 2.1 U mL-1 and 23.0 U mg-1 respectively. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequences, Bacillus sp. DA 5.2.3 showed 99% similarity to Bacillus cereus XHJ-2-6. Bacillus sp. DA 5.2.3 could potentially be applied to maintain water quality by reducing total suspended solid in water columns of shrimp ponds.
Physiological Characterization and Molecular Identification of Denitrifying Bacteria Possesing Nitrous Oxide High Reduction Activity Isolated from Rice Soils RATNA SETYANINGSIH; IMAN RUSMANA; PRIHASTO SETYANTO; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010): August 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5551.772 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.4.2.5

Abstract

Rice fields are one of the main sources of high nitrous oxide N2O emission. Soil denitrifiers possessing high N2O reduction activity are important for controlling N2O emission. Nitrous oxide reduction is the last step of denitrification process. The aims of this study were to characterize and to identify denitrifying bacteria isolated from rice soils possessing high activity of N2O reduction. Soil samples were taken from 6 locations of rice fields in Bogor (West Java) and Tangerang (Banten), Indonesia. Physiological characterization was performed using API 20 NE, while molecular identification was conducted based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence. It was found that ten isolates of denitrifying bacteria were able to grow using N2O as an electron acceptor as indicated by decreasing N2O concentration in the headspace of the cultures. The bacterial growth indicated by optical density, increased up to 0.12-0.47 after 5 days incubation. Isolate BL2 had the highest activity of N2O reduction followed by BL1 and BLN1 at up to 5.41, 4.09, and 3.91 μmol mL-1 bacterial cultures, respectively. The BL1, BL2, and BLN1 isolates had some different physiological characteristics. Based on their 16S rRNA sequence, BL1 and BLN1 were closely related to Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49188 with similarity of 99%.
Nitrous Oxide Reduction Activity of Denitrifying Ochrobactrum anthropi Isolated from Rice Field RATNA SETYANINGSIH; IMAN RUSMANA; PRIHASTO SETYANTO; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013): June 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (150.835 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.7.2.1

Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the principal greenhouse gases. Differences in soil microbial community composition affect N2O emission. Ochrobactrum anthropi BL1 and BLN1 isolated from rice field in Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia can grow on and reduce N2O.  This study investigated  the patterns of N2O reduction activity and growth of O. anthropi BL1 and BLN1 on denitrification media and also examined the ability of BLN1 strain to reduce N2O in flooded rice soil. Nitrous oxide reduction activity and growth of strains BL1 and BLN1 occurred simultaneously, indicating that the bacteria used N2O for growth. BL1 and BLN1 showed the same specific growth rate, but the N2O reduction rate of BLN1 was higher than that of BL1. Increase of the N2O concentration in the surface water of flooded soil without BLN1 isolate six hours after the addition of NO3- was significantly greater than the surface water from soil that had been inoculated with the isolate.
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF AMPICILLIN-RESISTANT Vibrio ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS STAGES OF TIGER SHRIMP LARVAE DEVELOPMENT WIDANARNI WIDANARNI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 15 (2000)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.218 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2000.0.15.160

Abstract

This research was carried  out to  study  genetic  diversity of ampicillin-resistant Vibrio  from various  stages of tiger  shrimp larvae  (Penaeus Monodon) development from,Tambak Inti Rakyat hatchery, near Labuan, West Java, Indonesia. A total of 25 ampicillin-resistant Vibrio isolates were isolated using thiosulphate  citrate bile-salt  sucrose  agar (TCBS-Agar) and seawater  complete agar (SWC-Agar). Physiological and biochemical characterization showed that the isolates could be grouped into only two species, i.e. V. harveyi from the egg stage; and V. metschnikovii from larvae and post-larval stage (i.e nauplius, zoea, mysis, PLi, PL5, PL,0, and PL,5). These isolates were also present in their respective rearing water  of  each stage  and  some natural feed.  Schizotyping analysis employing restriction endonuclease Noll (5'-GC4GGCCGC) indicated that the isolates could be grouped into  at least  13 different  genotypes.  Therefore,  schizotyping  was  more discriminative than physiological characterization. This study showed that particular groups of Vibrio colonized all stages of shrimp larvae and demonstrated closed phylogenetic relationship. These groups of Vibrio might be  the dominant microbiota which could suppress the development of other Vibrio including the pathogenic Vibrio. Key words : Shrimp/ampicillin-resistant K/fcno/schizotyping
A NOVEL INTEGRON IN THE GENOME OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM INDONESIAN MONITOR LIZARD (VARANUS SPP). ESTI PUSPITASARI; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; AMARILA MALIK; WALTER ERDELEN
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology No. 16 (2001)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (97.942 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2001.0.16.163

Abstract

The genotype of antibiotic resistance  in natural isolates of Escherichia coli was determined  through integron detection and  characterization of the associated antibiotic  resistance. E. coli SG2 isolated from Varanus salvator  of Java demonstrated  resistance  to spectinomycin (50ng/ml)  and streptomycin (SOng/ml). Integron detection indicated  that eight isolates out of nine E. coli  isolates possessed a conserved segment of the integron. Amplification of  the inserted cassette of the integron in this SG2 isolate yielded a 1-kb DNA fragment. Sequence analyses indicated that this fragment was homologous with aad gene, which confirmed  the resistance  to spectinomycin/streptomycin. This is the first report on the presence of integron in the E. coli isolated from the environment. Key words: Integron / antibiotic resistance / Escherichia coli
Co-Authors . EFRIWATI . Melani . NURHAIMI-HARIS A A Hermosaningtyas A A Hermosaningtyas, A A ADI YULANDI Agus PURWANTARA Agus Purwito Agustin Wydia Gunawan Agustina, Delia Aini Nurul Alfred Michael ALINA AKHDIYA RUSMANA AMARILA MALIK AMARILA MALIK Andi Khaeruni Andi Khaeruni Andreas Adhi Satya Andreas Adhi Satya ANJA MERYANDINI Anja Meryandini ARI SUSILOWATI Arifudin Rafif , Muhammad Ghildan Arild Ranlym Arifin Arina Amalia Putri Aris Tjahjoleksono Aris Tri Wahyudi ARTINI PANGASTUTI Asmini Budiani Basil J NIKOLAU BIBIANA W LAY BUDI TJAHJONO BUDI TJAHJONO Budi Tjahjono Budi Tjahjono BUDI TJAHJONO Budinarta, Widyah C Hanny Wijaya CAHYA PRIHATNA Cahya Prihatna Cahya Prihatna CECILIA ANNA SEUMAHU CECILIA ANNA SEUMAHU DEBORA HADISUSANTO Delia Agustina Desniar - - DIAH ISKANDRIATI DIANA ELIZABETH WATURANGI Djoko Santoso Dondin Sajuthi DWI SURYANTO Dyah Kusuma Anggraini Edi Husen Edi Husen EDI HUSEN ERNIN HIDAYATI Esti Puspitasari ESTI PUSPITASARI ESTI PUSPITASARI Esti Utarti Eunice Limantara EVELINE AYU Felicia Felicia Felicia Kartawidjajaputra Ferymon Mahulette Ferymon Mahulette Ferymon Mahulette, Ferymon G. A. Wattimena Gayuh Rahayu Griselda Griselda Griselda Herman Natadiputri Griselda, Griselda Hajrial ASWIDINNOO HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Hariyatun Hariyatun Hariyatun, Hariyatun Hariyatun, Hariyatun Hermosaningtyas, Anastasia Aliesa Iman Rusmana Inez H.S. Loeddin Suharsono It Jamilah IVAN HANJAYA JOANITA SADELI KATHARINA JESSICA Kusharyoto, Wien Kusharyoto, Wien Lilis Nuraida Linda Wati LISTYA UTAMI KARMAWAN Ludovika Jessica Virginia MAGGY T HENAWIDJAJA Maggy T Suhartono Maggy T Suhartono MAGGY T. SUHARTONO Maggy T. Suhartono MAGGY THENAWIJAYA SUHARTONO Maria Dita Febriani Lumban Gaol Maria Indah Purnamasari Maria Indah Purnamasari Maria Indah Purnamasari Maria Sugiharti Meity S. Sinaga MEITY SURADJI SINAGA Muhamad Azwar Syah Muhammad Agus Muljanto MUHAMMAD ZAIRIN Jr. Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih NISA RACHMANIA MUBARIK NURITA TORUAN-MATHIUS PRIHASTO SETYANTO Prihasto Setyanto Prihatna , Cahya Puspitasari, Esti QURROTA A’YUN R. Sapto Hendri Boedi Soesatyo Raden Ajie Syahbarie RAHAYU WIDYASTUTI RASTI SARASWATI RASTI SARASWATI Rasti Saraswati Rasti Saraswati RATIH DEWI HASTUTI RATNA SETYANINGSIH RATNA SETYANINGSIH RIDWAN AFFANDI Rika Indri Astuti ROB HARLING ROHANI CINTA BADIA GINTING Rustam, Yepy Hardi Satya, Andreas Adhi Sheila Sutanto Sheila Sutanto, Sheila SUMARDI Suryo Wiyono SUSAN SOKA SUSILOWATI1 SUSILOWATI1 T RESNAWATI P URWADARIA Tan Watumesa Agustina TARUNI SRI PRAWAST MIEN KAOMINI ANY ARYANI DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN Tati Barus VICKY MEICY WALTER ERDELEN WIDANARNI WIDANARNI Widanarni Widanarni Wien Kusharyoto Yasinta Ratna Esti Wulandari Yepy Hardi Rustam Yogiara Yogiara YULIN LESTARI Yusminah Hala