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JAMUR PATOGEN TERBAWA BENIH JAGUNG (ZEA MAYS L.) DI DESA KUWIK, KUNJANG, KEDIRI Zakaria Wildan Fachrezzy; Arika Purnawati; Tri Mujoko
Jurnal AGROHITA: Jurnal Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan Vol 7, No 4 (2022): JURNAL AGROHITA
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/jap.v7i4.7234

Abstract

Jagung (Zea mays) merupakan komoditas pangan dengan sumber karbohidrat tertinggi ketiga di dunia setelah gandum dan padi. Benih merupakan merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam keberhasilan peningkatan produksi pertanian dan salah satunya adalah benih jagung, tetapi sampai dengan saat ini banyak ditemukan patogen terbawa benih yang menurunkan kualitas benih, dan menurunkan daya kecambah benih. Diantara patogen terbawa benih jagung adalah jamur Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., dan Colletotrichum sp. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis jamur patogen terbawa benih jagung di Desa Kuwik, Kunjang, Kediri dan dilakukan dilakukan di Laboratorium Kesehatan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur, dimulai Desember 2021 dan berakhir Maret 2022. Identifikasi jamur patogen dilakukan menggunakan metode inkubasi pada media Potato Dekstrosa Agar (PDA).  Pengamatan pertumbuhan jamur dilakukan pada hari ketujuh setelah jamur tumbuh,  selanjutnya diidentifikasi karakter koloni dan morfologinya berdasar buku kunci identifikasi Boerema et al. (2004), Domsch et al. (1980), Ellis (1971), Sutton (1980), dan Watanabe (2002). Hasil identifikasi jamur patogen pada benih jagung adalah Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp.
Effect of Formula Endophytic Bacteria in Organic Fertilizer to Wilt Disease Fusarium in Chili Plants Laras Setyowati; Arika Purnawati; Tri Mujoko
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3103

Abstract

Chili (Capsicum annum) is one of the horticultural commodities that has an important role in human life and Indonesian chili plants have important economic value and occupy second place after beans. Meanwhile, in East Java, chili commodity production in 2013-2017 reached 440 tons and one of the highest contributors was Ringinsari, Kandat, Kediri. However, the increase in chili commodities in the village has so far been strongly influenced by the presence of the fungi pathogen is Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.capsici that cause wilt disease, can reduce production on average up to 75 % and cause the plant to die. The control of that pathogen generally uses chemical control that hurts humans and the environment so until now it have not been satisfactory. Depend of that it needs alternative control using endophytic bacteria that are formulated in organic fertilizer as biological control. Endophytic bacteria are group of bacteria that live in plant tissues without causing negative effects, including not causing plants to get sick and having a mutual relationship with their host plants. Endophytic bacteria can be found in various plants including agricultural crops and can be isolated from all parts of the plant, namely roots, stems, leaves, and seeds. Endophytic bacteria produce secondary metabolites and compounds that can be used to induce plant health and growth. Endophytic bacteria produce fenol, flavonoid that increase plant resistance to diseases and pests, improve plant health, phytohormones increase plant growth. The method stages of research are propagation of endophytic bacteria, manufacture of suspension of endophytic bacteria, mixing of suspension of endophytic bacteria into organic fertilizer, data analysis using analysis of variance and 5% BNT test. The results are Incubation period is slower, disease intensity decreases, and plant height increases.
Endophytic Bacteria from Wet Soil of South Kalimantan as Biological Control Agent for Root Nematodes (NPA) in Celery (Apium graveolens) Marcellino Althaf; Wilujeng Widayati; Arika Purnawati
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings Seminar Nasional Magister Agroteknologi 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3203

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are microorganisms that are associated with plants, don’t cause disease, and mutualism associated with plants. One of the uses of endophytic bacteria in agriculture is as biological agent in overcoming the attack of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. It is a polyphagous parasite that can attack plants by forming galls on the roots of celery plants (A. graveolens), can lack nutrients, and in chronic conditions causes death of host plants. It’s control is important to reduce crop yield loss. Control of the nematode Meloidogyne sp., at this time use many chemical pesticides because they quickly kill nematodes, but the continuous use of chemical nematicides will potentially pollute the environment. So, it is necessary to study alternative control using endophytic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of endophytic bacteria from wetlands of South Kalimantan as biological agents of it in celery plants. This research was conducted in Sumber Glagah, Pacet, Mojokerto, using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatment was carried out by immersing the roots of celery plants in a suspension of endophytic bacteria (24 hours) and concentration (108 cfu/ml), then planted in polybags measuring 30 x 30. The polybags were filled with soil that had been divested with 50 juvenile Meloidogyne sp. Observation parameters were the number of galls per g of roots and juvenile population per g of root and per 10 g of soil. The results showed that the treatment of endophytic bacteria reduce: (1) number gall per g celery roots was 19.67–31.00 and control (46.67); (2) population juvenile population per g root was 9.33-25.67 and control 50.67; (3) juvenile population per 10 g of soil was 11.33-17.00 and control 29.33.
Natural Ingredients of Beans as Growth Medium and Propagation of Endophytic Bacteria from Lowland Eggplant Arika Purnawati; Safira Rizka Lestari; Iis Purnamawati
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 7st International Seminar of Research Month 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3308

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are defined as a group of microbes that live in plant tissues that do not cause disease and are mutually related to the host plant, can be isolated from all parts of the plant were roots, stems, leaves, and seeds. Endophytic bacteria have the potential to produce natural products for agriculture, increase plant growth, and support the sustainable development of agriculture. The growth of endophytic bacteria in vitro generally uses a medium that contains nutrients including macronutrients, namely elements (C, H, O, and N), micronutrients, namely non-metallic elements (S and P), metallic elements (Ca, Zn, Na, K, Cu). , Mn, Mg, and Fe), vitamins, water, and energy. To meet these growth requirements, currently the growth and propagation of endophytic bacteria generally still use synthetic media which are expensive and in the field, mainly by farmers, are not easy to obtain. The study aimed to obtain an alternative medium made from beans for the growth and propagation of endophytic bacteria from lowland eggplants. The types of beans were soybeans, green beans, red beans, cowpeas, peanuts, and Nutrient Agar (NA) as control. Inoculation into the medium was done using the spread plate technique. This technique is preceded by a dilution and at dilution of 10-7 was taken 0.1 ml then to be spread on the growing medium. Observations were growing and colony counting was done 24 hours after inoculation. The results were: (1) endophytic bacteria from lowland eggplant can grow well on all mediums with the best growth on NA medium, (2) all media can be used as the propagation of endophytic bacteria from lowland eggplant plants, (3) the assumed of the growth curve is logarithmic with 4 phases were lag phase, exponential phase, stationer phase, death phase.
Formulation of Endophytic Bacteria in Organic Fertilizer as Health Promoter for Corn Plants in Mentaos, Gudo, Jombang Arika Purnawati; Tri Mujoko; Endang Triwahyu Prasetyawati
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 7st International Seminar of Research Month 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3309

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays) has an important role in the food supply in Indonesia, as the second commodity after rice and the second source of carbohydrates after rice which is a derivative of rice and is still considered feasible to meet national needs. The increase in national corn production is strongly supported by several corn production center provinces such as East Java and one of the districts that have the potential to support corn production in East Java is Jombang, but the reality the production experiences several obstacles, one of which is the presence of plant pest organisms (OPT). namely the fungus Peronosclerospora maydis caused by downy mildew. In the control of disease so far in the field, many use fungicides that are harmful to humans and the environment. The solution to reduce the use of fungicides is to utilize endophytic bacteria from eggplant and it has been formulated with organic fertilizer so that it is easier to apply to corn plants, this solution is expected to control disease rates, reduce losses, and improve corn plant health. The method used in community service in Mentaos, Gudo, and Jombang were situation analysis, problem identification, socialization that was attended by 25 farmers, and application of endophytic bacteria from eggplant plants in organic fertilizer formulas. The results obtained are that the people of Mentaos, Gudo, and Jombang were able to apply the endophytic bacterial formula in organic fertilizer with the sprinkle technique. The results show that the community can apply the endophytic bacterial formula, corn plants become healthy, and disease intensity is low.
Beberapa Konsentrasi Ekstrak Umbi Gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) Sebagai Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Spodoptera litura Fabr. Secara In Vitro Novi Nafisah Najmi; Wiwin Windriyanti; Arika Purnawati
JURNAL PERTANIAN Vol 14, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Respati
Publisher : Universitas Respati Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52643/jir.v14i1.3058

Abstract

Spodoptera litura merupakan hama penting yang dapat menyebabkan kerugian cukup tinggi pada tanaman sawi dan pengendalian yang dilakukan saat ini menggunakan insektisida yang berbahaya untuk manusia dan lingkungan, menyebabkan resistensi hama, resurgensi hama, musnahnya musuh alami, dan residu pestisida pada produk pertanian sehingga perlu cara pengendalian alternatif menggunakan umbi gadung. Umbi mengandung senyawa aktif bersifat racun bagi serangga hama. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji toksisitas ekstrak umbi gadung terhadap S. litura in vitro, dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2022 di Laboratorium Kesehatan Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 10 perlakuan, setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan BNJ 5%. Hasil penelitian adalah : (1) waktu kematian tercepat terjadi pada hari kedua dengan konsentrasi 9% dan 10% pada saat 4 jam setelah aplikasi dan (2) mortalitas tertinggi pada konsentrasi 9% dan 10% sebesar 100%. Nilai terendah pada konsentrasi 10% selama 25,4 jam. Nilai  dan  berturut-turut sebesar 5,40% dan 9,71%.
POTENSI KONSORSIUM Bacillus spp. DAN Pseudomonas fluorescens UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PADA TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT Nensi Agustina; Arika Purnawati; Endang Triwahyu Prasetyawati
Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi
Publisher : Agrotechnology Study Program, UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur

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Abstract

Cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Produksi cabai rawit seringkali terkendala oleh penyakit layu batang yang diakibatkan cendawan Fusarium sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsorsium bakteri Bacillus spp. dan Pseudomonas fluorescens sebagai agensia hayati pengendali penyakit layu fusarium pada tanaman cabai rawit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di screenhouse UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur. Penelitian dimulai pada bulan Januari 2021 sampai bulan April 2021. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) dengan dua faktor yaitu bakteri antagonis dan waktu aplikasi dan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Faktor pertama yaitu bakteri antagonis dengan 5 taraf perlakuan yaitu Tanpa pemberian bakteri antagonis, Bacillus spp. kode isolat Ba9, Bacillus spp. kode isolat Ba17, P. fluorescens, Bacillus spp. kode isolat Ba9 + P. fluorescens, Bacillus spp. kode isolat Ba17 + P. fluorescens. Faktor kedua yaitu waktu aplikasi dengan 2 taraf perlakuan yaitu sebelum pindah tanam bibit dan setelah pindah tanam bibit. Jika diketahui adanya pengaruh yang nyata dari perlakuan maka dilakukan Uji Jarak Ganda Duncan atau Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Perlakuan pemberian konsorisum Bacillus spp. kode isolat Ba9 dan P. fluorescens menyebabkan penundaan masa inkubasi Fusarium sp. sebesar 23,42%, meningkatkan tinggi tanaman sebesar 20,55 %, dan mempercepat munculnya calon bunga, sedangkan perlakuan pemberian konsorisum Bacillus spp. kode isolat Ba17 dan P. fluorescens menekan intensitas penyakit layu fusarium 29,03%, meningkatkan jumlah daun sebesar 56,58% dibandingkan dengan pemberian bakteri secara tunggal.
POLA DISTRIBUSI PENYAKIT KRESEK PADA PERTANAMAN PADI DI LAHAN DENGAN TINGKAT KEASAMAN BERBEDA BERBASIS CITRA FOTO UDARA Maria Rodhya Alfa; Herry Nirwanto; Arika Purnawati
Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi
Publisher : Agrotechnology Study Program, UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur

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Abstract

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan paling penting di dunia setelah jagung dan gandum. Produksi padi mengalami penurunan dikarenakan salah faktor pembatasnya yaitu hawar daun bakteri (HDB) / kresek. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh derajat keasaman/kebasaan(pH) tanah pada pola sebaran penyakit kresek dan pada lahan pertanaman padi di Sidoarjo melalui pengamatan langsung pada tanaman dan pengamatan melalui foto udara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati pertanaman padi yang terserang penyakit bakteri pada lahan seluas 800 m2. Pengamatan langsung dilakukan untuk mendapatkan insidensi penyakit dan faktor edafik nilai pH genangan air. Pengamatan melalui foto udara dilakukan untuk memperoleh citra digital lahan padi yang berpenyakit kresek. Data insidensi penyakit diolah secara deskriptif, data nilai pH dibandingkan dengan data pola sebaran, sedangkan citra digital diolah menggunakan metode RGB dengan aplikasi MATLAB R2018a. Pola sebaran penyakit kresek berdasarkan pengamatan langsung di darat dan melalui foto udara adalah mengelompok pada minggu 1 dan 2, lalu acak pada minggu 4 hingga 6. Minggu 3 terdeteksi acak pada pengamatan langsung namun terdeteksi mengelompok pada pengamatan melalui foto udara. Pengamatan melalui foto udara dinilai lebih tinggi validitasnya daripada pengamatan langsung di darat. Pola sebaran penyakit bakteri pada lahan padi tidak dipengaruhi nilai pH.
POLA DISTRIBUSI PENYAKIT KRESEK PADA PERTANAMAN PADI DI LAHAN DENGAN TINGKAT KEASAMAN BERBEDA BERBASIS CITRA FOTO UDARA Alfa, Maria Rodhya; Nirwanto, Herry; Purnawati, Arika
Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022): Plumula : Berkala Ilmiah Agroteknologi
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/plumula.v10i2.81

Abstract

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan paling penting di dunia setelah jagung dan gandum. Produksi padi mengalami penurunan dikarenakan salah faktor pembatasnya yaitu hawar daun bakteri (HDB) / kresek. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh derajat keasaman/kebasaan(pH) tanah pada pola sebaran penyakit kresek dan pada lahan pertanaman padi di Sidoarjo melalui pengamatan langsung pada tanaman dan pengamatan melalui foto udara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati pertanaman padi yang terserang penyakit bakteri pada lahan seluas 800 m2. Pengamatan langsung dilakukan untuk mendapatkan insidensi penyakit dan faktor edafik nilai pH genangan air. Pengamatan melalui foto udara dilakukan untuk memperoleh citra digital lahan padi yang berpenyakit kresek. Data insidensi penyakit diolah secara deskriptif, data nilai pH dibandingkan dengan data pola sebaran, sedangkan citra digital diolah menggunakan metode RGB dengan aplikasi MATLAB R2018a. Pola sebaran penyakit kresek berdasarkan pengamatan langsung di darat dan melalui foto udara adalah mengelompok pada minggu 1 dan 2, lalu acak pada minggu 4 hingga 6. Minggu 3 terdeteksi acak pada pengamatan langsung namun terdeteksi mengelompok pada pengamatan melalui foto udara. Pengamatan melalui foto udara dinilai lebih tinggi validitasnya daripada pengamatan langsung di darat. Pola sebaran penyakit bakteri pada lahan padi tidak dipengaruhi nilai pH.
Potential of The Biological Agent Bacillus spp in Inhibiting Fusarium Wild Disease and its Effects on The Growth and Production of Cayenne Papper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Zakqy, Nauval; Wuryandari, Yenny; Purnawati, Arika
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 10, No 1: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus March 2024
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v10i1.5366

Abstract

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a horticultural crop in Indonesia that often has many obstacles. The main obstacle that is often faced is wilt disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Bacillus spp. bacteria have the potential to control the fungus F. oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of Bacillus spp. bacteria in controlling fusarium wilt disease. This research was conducted from August to November 2023 at the Plant Health Laboratory and screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, National Development University "Veteran" East Java. The study used a Factorial Complete Randomized Block Design with three replications and nine treatments so that there were 27 experimental units. The observation variables included incubation period, disease intensity, plant height, number of leaves, first flower appearance and fruit wet weight. The research data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis of variance procedure to determine whether there is an effect of each treatment. If it is known that there is a significantly different effect from the treatment, it will be continued with the DMRT test at the 5% level. The results showed that the combination of Bacillus spp bacteria and dosage had an effect on the incubation period and disease intensity. The results showed that the combination of Bacillus spp bacteria and doses had an effect on vegetative phase parameters, namely plant height and number of leaves. However, the combination of Bacillus spp and dosage showed that the generative phase parameters did not significantly affect the first flower appearance and fruit wet weight
Co-Authors . NUGROHORINI . WAGIYANA Ahmad Adibul Akrom Ahmad Davin Najwan Adhyasta Akrom, Ahmad Adibul Al Rahmad, Nirmala Putri Alfa, Maria Rodhya Althaf, Marcellino Alvia Cindy Apriliani Amalia, Anisa Rizki Aris Cahyono Arkan Haykal Augustien, Nora Bambang HADISUTRISNO Diasi, Ananta Rizki Didik Sulistyanto Dwirizki Permata, Aprilla Hendiana Elly Syafriani Fari A, Haidar Fatimah Nabila Zahra Firmansyah, Moch Ryan Hadi Suhardjono Haidar Fari Aditya Hasni Wardahni Heriyati, Sukma Herry Nirwanto Herry Nirwanto Iis Purnamawati Indah Pemuda Indah, Pawana Nur Indarwati Indarwati Irsyad Irsyad Irsyad, Irsyad irsyad, irsyad Ketut Srie Marhaeni Julyasih Khairunnisa, Nabila Zahra Kurniawati Kurniawati Kusumawati, Diah Budi Laras Setyowati Laras Setyowati Maharani, Salsabilla Diva Marcellino Althaf Maria Rodhya Alfa Maulidya, Aisyah Maulina Aizah, Shinta Muhammad Raihan Naufal Mujoko , Tri Mukaromah, Fathul Nensi Agustina Nensi Agustina Nensi Agustina Nijma Nurfadila Noni Rahmadhini Nora Augustien Novi Nafisah Najmi Nur Aini Mahfud Nur Aini Mahfud Nurul Afida Nurul Laily Pawana Nur Indah Penta Suryaminarsih Penta SURYAMINARSIH Penta Suryaminarsih Prasetyawati, Endang Triwahyu Prasetyowati, Endang Triwahyu Presti Mardiyani Pribadi, Didik Utomo RAMADHANI MAHENDRA KUSUMA Rizky Ika Noviyanti Rizky Ika Noviyanti Saefur Rohman Safira Rizka Lestari Satrio Hanif Haryawan Sayekti, Ninik Ari Setyowati, Laras Sri Wiyatiningsih Sri Wiyatiningsih Sri Wiyatiningsih Suhardjono , Hadi Syamsul Arifin Tri Mudjoko Tri MUJOKO Triwahyu P, Endang Triwidodo ARWIYANTO USWATUN HASANAH Wafiah Huwaina Zata Dini Widayati, Wilujeng Widyananda, Kanaya Syafina Wilujeng Widayati Windriyanti, Wiwin Wiwik Harjani Yanti, Vika Yenny WURYANDARI Yenny Wuryandari Yerni Andryani Yuningsih Yuningsih Zakaria Wildan Fachrezzy Zakqy, Nauval