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Analysis of Rainfall Characteristics using Hydrognomon v.4.0 in Karangploso, Malang Triawati, Indri; Ali, Atif Muhammad; Palupi, Retno; Richard, Hendrik; Hariadi, Agung; Mahmud, Mahmud; Pratama, Raditya; Habiburrahman , Novan
⁠International Journal of Sustainable Social Culture, Science Technology, Management, and Law Humanities Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/887gae84

Abstract

Rainfall is hydrology event that occurred seasonal in every year. There are two seasons occurred in Indonesia, dry season and rainy season. The analysis of rainfall characteristics plays a significant role to predict the rainfall occurrence and probability of flash flood. In this paper, rainfall analysis using Hydrognomon v.4.0 will provide hydrology data information, such as rainfall intensity and time series. The highest maximum rainfall of 526 mm (in 2010) has a return period of about 11 years. This means that rainfall of this magnitude can be expected to occur once every 11 years. The maximum rainfall of 425 mm (2013) has a return period of about 5.5 years, indicating a more frequent occurrence than the highest rainfall. Thus, it makes data trend rainfall with higher values tends to have longer return periods, indicating infrequent intensity. However, rainfall with lower intensity tends to have shorter return periods and occurring more frequently.
Frequency Analysis for Rainfall Design in Medan North Sumatra Indonesia Indri Triawati; Haishen Lü; Ali, Atif Muhammad; Habiburrahman, Novan; Palupi, Retno
⁠International Journal of Sustainable Social Culture, Science Technology, Management, and Law Humanities Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/99e9b754

Abstract

Rainfall is an essential component of climatology that should be consistently analyzed over extended periods. Availability of complete rainfall data is one of the most important parts in relation to Hydrology and Water Resources. The ideal data is  that in accordance with what is needed. However, in practice, incomplete records are often encountered, this can be caused by several things, including equipment damage, employee negligence, equipment replacement, and natural disaster. This situation causes certain parts of the time series data to contain empty data, it is necessary to pay attention to the pattern of the distribution of rain and the surrounding stations. In this paper, there are three rainfall stations analyzed, these are BBMKG Region I, Sampali station, and Belawan station. Unfortunately, there are two missing rainfall data in 2001 and 2006 in Belawan station. Therefore, this paper uses the Normal Ratio Method and the Inversed Square Distance Method to complete the rainfall data and compare the two methods. From the result, there are different values from the two methods, the value is smaller using the Normal Ratio Method. It can be caused by the influence of distance factors on inversed square distance.
A Literature Review on the Integration of Plant Anatomical Principles in the Optimization of Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine Blade Design Habiburahman, Novan Habiburrahman; Priyanti, Novy Ary; Hariadi, Agung; Muttaqin, M. Zainul
⁠International Journal of Sustainable Social Culture, Science Technology, Management, and Law Humanities Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/cj3be180

Abstract

The development of renewable energy technologies increasingly demands innovative, efficient, and environmentally friendly designs. Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) are among the promising energy conversion systems suitable for urban and marine applications. However, aerodynamic efficiency and environmental adaptability remain key challenges. In contrast, the anatomical structures of plants particularly leaves and stems have naturally evolved to optimize interactions with airflow and sunlight, making them a rich source of inspiration for technological innovation. This article presents an interdisciplinary literature review exploring how principles of plant anatomy can be integrated into VAWT blade design to enhance aerodynamic performance and energy conversion efficiency. Through a comprehensive analysis of literature from mechanical engineering and plant biology, this study identifies key anatomical features such as surface curvature, venation patterns, and epidermal textures as having direct relevance to drag reduction, turbulent flow regulation, and lift enhancement. This review aims to open new directions for bioinspired design approaches in wind turbine development and strengthen the collaboration between engineering and biological sciences in advancing sustainable energy technologies.
Turning Waste into Profit: Plastic Waste Recycling Workshop into Crafts for Cipta Wacana Students at Bank Sampah Malang Priyanti, Novie Ary; Lisdianita, Arinda Eka; Habiburrahman, Novan; Retno Palupi; M. Zainul Muttaqin; Agung Hariadi
⁠International Journal of Asia Pacific Community Service Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/rv2ezn86

Abstract

Plastic waste is one of Indonesia’s most critical environmental challenges, comprising approximately 17% of the nation's 64 million tons of annual waste. This study explores the impact of a recycling workshop that transformed plastic waste into handicrafts, conducted at the Malang Waste Bank and involving students from Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana Malang. Using an activity-based participatory approach, the workshop aimed to enhance students’ environmental awareness, practical recycling skills, and understanding of circular economy principles. Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed a significant increase in students’ knowledge of the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle), along with improved technical skills in sorting, melting, and crafting recycled products such as bags, hats, and wallets. The workshop also encouraged environmental entrepreneurship by demonstrating that waste can be transformed into valuable and marketable items. This initiative exemplifies how community-based, hands-on learning experiences can foster sustainability values in higher education and support the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy framework.
Simulation of the Influence of Wind Speed on the Power Output of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Habiburahman, Novan Habiburrahman; Novie Ary Priyanti; M. Zainul Muttaqin; Ari sam Primadiarta; Agung Hariadi
⁠International Journal of Sustainable Social Culture, Science Technology, Management, and Law Humanities Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Cipta Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71131/vs7g2k63

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of varying wind speeds on the power output generated by a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT). This type of turbine holds great potential for harnessing wind energy in both urban and rural areas, particularly due to its ability to operate under fluctuating wind directions. The methodology employed is numerical simulation based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), which models fluid flow around the turbine rotor at wind speeds ranging from 2 m/s to 12 m/s. Key parameters analyzed include power coefficient (Cp), torque, and mechanical power output. The simulation results indicate a nonlinear relationship between wind speed and power output, where increasing wind speed significantly enhances power up to a certain optimum point, beyond which turbulence and energy losses become more dominant. These findings provide a foundation for optimizing VAWT design and selecting suitable installation sites according to local wind conditions. This research also supports the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly renewable energy technologies, particularly for small- to medium-scale applications.
Optimizing the Number of Curved Turbine Blades on Flettner Rotors for Sustainable Ship Propulsion Without Fuel Habiburrahman, Novan; Triawati, Indri
Piston: Journal of Technical Engineering Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Mesin Universitas Pamulang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32493/pjte.v9i2.53451

Abstract

The use of vertical rotating cylinders based on the Magnus effect as an alternative propulsion system for ships has been explored since the early 20th century. By harnessing lateral wind, such rotors are capable of generating thrust to replace conventional sails while simultaneously reducing fossil fuel consumption. However, the efficiency of conventional Flettner rotors remains limited due to their reliance on an external energy supply from driving motors. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a Flettner rotor integrated with quarter-circular blades mounted coaxially to enable self-rotation. This design differs from previous studies that predominantly employed half-circular blades or full rotors, and it is expected to enhance the power coefficient (????ₚ) and torque coefficient (????ᵥ) while maintaining more compact dimensions. This research aims to determine the optimal configuration of blade numbers (2, 4, 8, and 16) and aspect ratio (AR) that delivers superior aerodynamic performance for ship propulsion applications. An experimental approach was conducted using wind tunnel testing of scaled models. Variations in blade number were evaluated based on key performance parameters, including rotor speed, torque, thrust, and the coefficients ????ₚ and ????ᵥ. Data acquisition employed RPM sensors, load cells, and a microcontroller-based system. Statistical analysis was applied to compare each blade configuration against the initial hypothesis that increasing the number of blades improves rotor performance up to a certain limit, beyond which excessive blade numbers reduce efficiency due to increased drag. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the advancement of more efficient, autonomous, and sustainable ship propulsion systems through the use of a Flettner rotor driven purely by wind energy.