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OPTIMIZED HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF ARTIFICIAL SWEETENERS, PRESERVATIVES, AND CAFFEINE IN CARBONATED SOFT DRINKS Wardono, Sri; Putra, Effendy De Lux; Sinaga, Siti Morin; Dalimunthe, Aminah; Nasri, Nasri
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research Vol. 8 No. 01 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/idjpcr.v8i01.20975

Abstract

Sweeteners, preservatives, and caffeine in soft drinks can pose health risks if consumed excessively. This study aimed to develop a method for the simultaneous determination of acesulfame, saccharin, cyclamate, aspartame, caffeine, benzoate, and sorbate in carbonated soft drinks. The analysis was conducted using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with a dual-wavelength PDA detector (Shimadzu LC-20AD), a C18 column (Shimadzu), and a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu). Standard materials included acesulfame-K, saccharin-Na, cyclamate-Na, aspartame, caffeine, benzoate-Na, and sorbic acid. Samples were obtained from a supermarket in Medan, Indonesia. Optimization parameters included detection wavelength, mobile phase pH, column oven temperature, and mobile phase composition. Validation parameters assessed were linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision, and selectivity. The optimized method employed a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (pH 3.8) and methanol (80:20, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.55 mL/min and column oven temperature of 40 °C. Detection was carried out at 200 nm for cyclamate, caffeine, aspartame, and benzoate, and at 220 nm for acesulfame, saccharin, and sorbate. Validation results showed the method met all requirements, with recovery rates ranging from 95.21% to 99.82%, system suitability values of 1.0%–1.9%, and precision values between 1.65% and 2.48%. The method also demonstrated good selectivity. The concentrations of acesulfame, saccharin, cyclamate, caffeine, benzoate, and sorbate in the analyzed samples did not exceed the maximum permissible limits.
Development of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometric Method for Quantification of Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, and Rosuvastatin in Marketed Tablet Preparations Nerdy, Nerdy; Zebua, Nilsya Febrika; Nadia, Syarifah; Putra, Effendy De Lux; Bakri, Tedy Kurniawan
Molekul Vol 20 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jm.2025.20.2.8635

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Marketed pharmaceutical dosage forms must be checked to ensure that the drug in distribution meets the quality requirements. The Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric method will provide new innovations which are low cost, environmental friendly, simple, and rapid for analysis. The aim of this research was to develop a single analytical method that can be used to determine levels of three different statin derivatives (simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin) in tablet preparations. The method used in this study was Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric, a very simple sample preparation stage by solvent extraction with minimal solvent extraction without potassium bromide and without pellet press. The specific wave numbers of simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin were determined between 4000 cm–1 to 650 cm–1. The Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometric method had been successfully developed and successfully applied to the determination of levels of simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin in marketed tablet preparations containing single active pharmaceutical ingredient. The specific wave numbers of simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin obtained was 1712.7 cm–1; 1660.5 cm–1; and 965.4 cm–1, respectively. The results obtained in the content determination based on the peak height and peak area fulfill the requirements for active pharmaceutical ingredient assay ranging from 90.00% to 110.00%. The developed method has also been validated for accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, range, limit of detection, and limit of quantitation. Thus, this method can be a valid alternative method, cheap, green, easy, and fast in determination of the levels of simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin in tablet preparations. Keywords : atorvastatin, FTIR, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, tablet