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All Journal International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences SUPREMASI: Jurnal Pemikiran, Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, Hukum dan Pengajarannya Journal of Aquatropica Asia OPERATION EXCELLENCE: Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering Nature: National Academic Journal of Architecture Science and Technology Indonesia Jurnal PGSD: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI JUPE : Jurnal Pendidikan Mandala Jurnal Ilmiah Dinamika Sosial JURMATIS : Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi dan Teknik Industri Jurnal Dedikasi SIGANUS: Journal of Fisheries and Marine Science Industrika : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Industri Jurnal Teknik Elektro eMBeJi : Manajemen dan Bisnis Jurnal Teknologika Makara Journal of Technology Aurelia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia Journal Industrial Engineering and Management (JUST-ME) ITQAN: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Kependidikan Sasana: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Moneta: Jurnal Manajemen & Keuangan Syariah AL-SULTHANIYAH Jurnal Paramaedutama Nusantara Educational Review Sultan Adam : Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial
Muhammad Ali Akbar, Muhammad Ali
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Journal : Science and Technology Indonesia

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Electromigration Effects in Overcurrent PVC-Insulated Copper Wire: Failure and Deformation Impacts Akbar, Muhammad Ali; Tarigan, Kerista; Humaidi, Syahrul; Ramdan, Dadan; Siregar, Yulianta
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.3.735-744

Abstract

Electromigration is a critical issue in materials science and electrical engineering, significantly impacting the reliability and efficiency of electrical systems. This study investigates the electromigration behavior of PVC-insulated copper wires under various overcurrent conditions, focusing on material degradation and electrical performance. Copper cables, identified as 046620.3 Eterna CU/PVC 1.5 mm2, were subjected to currents ranging from 0 to 110 A. The mean time to failure (MTTF) was calculated using Black’s equation, revealing a sharp decline in MTTF with increasing current density. Surface morphology analysis using SEM showed the formation of voids and hillocks at higher currents, indicating severe electromigration damage. XRF analysis demonstrated significant changes in the elemental composition, particularly a reduction in copper content and an increase in chlorine and other elements, suggesting degradation of the PVC insulation. FTIR spectroscopy revealed substantial chemical changes in the PVC material, especially under extreme overcurrent conditions, highlighting dehydrochlorination and carbonyl group formation. There is a clear relationship between overcurrent conditions and electromigration phenomena, as evidenced by the observed damage to surface morphology, changes in elemental composition, and alterations in the chemical structure of PVC. The mechanisms and causes of electromigration are explained comprehensively in this work, illustrating how increased overcurrent accelerates the electromigration process, leading to the formation of voids and hillocks in the copper conductor. This damage is accompanied by a significant reduction in copper content and an increase in chlorine levels, indicating the degradation of PVC insulation. FTIR spectra further confirmed these findings by showing chemical changes such as dehydrochlorination and carbonyl group formation under high current stress. The MTTF values reflect the severity of these impacts, with samples exposed to higher currents showing drastically reduced lifespans. For instance, samples subjected to 100 A and 110 A currents exhibited MTTF values of 0.2 minutes and 0.004 minutes, respectively.
Co-Authors Adi Iswanto Adi Permadi, Adi Agustang, Agustang Alivia, Elsa Tri Allo, Nugra Tasik Aminanda, Yulfian Amri Abdulah Anastasya, Theresia Hany Andi Adam Malik Angelica, Rachel Anidia, Tisna Anisa Rahmawati Ardiansyah Kurniawan Ardiansyah, Rahandi AS, Adnin Azib, Muhammad Bintang Nidia Kusuma Choirul Anwar Dadan Ramdan Danan Farahdinny Siswajanthy fatimah Fatimah Fettyana, Fettyana Frihatni, Andi Ayu Hari, Muhammad Akbar Herdiansyah, Irwan Hery Widijanto Hidayat, Abdillah Daffa Wahyu Hidayat, AR Hijuzaman, Osep Husni Mubarak Imam Yazid Irwansuri, Zulfan Iskandar, Yoga Jatira Junaidin, Junaidin khusnul khotimah Livia, Tarisa Lukman, Dzikry Mahesya, Muhammad Putra Maniar, Jacklyn Preselia Marwati Marwati Miha, Ainun Mirsal, Ilham Muhammad Febrian Rachmadi, Muhammad Febrian Muhammad Rusdi Nabella, Fitria Nopiasadi, Muhamad Nugrah Noviyani, Rafiqa Nur Asitah Nurhayati, Aan Nurwulandari, Fiolita Panggabean, Riris S. Putri, Mutiara Wilson Rajab, Dede Ardi Ramadhani, Rachmawati Syahrani Rasimin , Rasimin Reza, Reza Rohman Rohman Rully Andi Yaksa Sahabuddin Sandy, Aisyah Trees Sartina, Karnita Semmaun, Syahriah Septia, Calista Nur Setiawan, I Md. Agus Shahab, Putri Hindun Anifayakun Situmorang, Irvan Relyesh Suhartono, Heru Sujianto Sujianto Sukarman Sukarman Suryana, Muhammad Eka Syahrul Humaidi, Syahrul Tarigan, Kerista uswatun khasana Uswatun Khasana, uswatun khasana Wardhana, Yulistiyan Wisnu Jatmiko Yansuri, Daeny Septi Yulianta Siregar Zakiyah, Husnul Qomrouz Zikra, Andi Anzanul