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All Journal UNEJ e-Proceeding JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Science and Technology Indonesia Abdimas Talenta : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat PengabdianMu: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat JFIOnline J-Dinamika: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Abdimas: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Merdeka Malang Prisma Sains: Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Dewi Melani Hariyadi
Departemen Farmasetika, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Airlangga
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Science and Technology Indonesia

 1 
Quercetin in Drug Carriers: Polymer Composite, Physical Characteristics, and In vitro Study Kurniawan, Muhammad Fariez; Setyawan, Dwi; Hariyadi, Dewi Melani
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.2.380-412

Abstract

Quercetin is a highly prevalent flavonoid commonly found in a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. This compound has various biological actions, indicating great potential in preventing diseases and promoting health but the disadvantages include low solubility and instability. The disadvantages can be overcome by using a polymer composite in the form of microspheres in the formulation. Therefore, this study aimed to review various uses of polymers in delivering quercetin compounds. The results showed that various polymers in microspheres have been formulated with quercetin to minimize the weaknesses. The delivery systems developed and reported from several related studies include microencapsulation, microcapsules, microparticles, microspheres, solid lipid microparticles (SLM), and nanoparticles. Polymers including Gelatine, Maltodextrin and Inulin, Carnauba wax, Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), Gyceryl behenate, Pectin, Nano-hydroxyapatite, Polycaprolactone, Starch, Chitosan, Eudragit S 100, Sodium Alginate, Ethyl cellulose, and Alumina efficiently improved the properties of quercetin, enabling the utilization as a controlled drug delivery agent. Therefore, developing a quercetin delivery system using composite polymers presents both an opportunity and a challenge for future applications.
Quercetin Solid Lipid Microparticle Stability and Deposition in Rat Lungs: A Study of Surfactant Effect Hariyadi, Dewi Melani; Sairiyah, Siti Nasikatus; Rahman, Fakhrinnisa Wildani; Rijal, Muhammad Agus Syamsur; Rosita, Noorma; Rahmadi, Mahardian
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.3.682-696

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of surfactant concentration on Quercetin SLM as a potential carrier of respiratory diseases, especially ones resulting from oxidative stress injury. Quercetin is a natural antioxidant with high activity. SLM was formed with 5% compritol 888 ATO as a lipid and different concentrations of poloxamer 188 as a surfactant. SLM was produced by a combination of emulsification and sonication involving freeze drying. SLM is characterized by organolepsis, morphology, yield, particle size, drug loading, and entrapment efficiency. The antioxidant activity of quercetin SLMs was tested using the ABTS method. SLMs are characterized as having round and smooth morphology, high yield (F1 88.53%; F2 91.44%; F3 92.87%); particle size (F1 1.81 um; F2 1.90 um; F3 1.94 um); high drug loading (F1 15.96%; F2 13.74%; F3 13.19%); and high entrapment efficiency (F1 96.53%; F2 87.94%; F3 87.48%). Increasing surfactant concentration did not produce a significant difference between formulas. Quercetin SLM showed high antioxidant activity (Quercetin 94.43%; F1 94.35%; F2 94.36%; F3 94.37%). SLM was stable at storage temperatures between 25°C and 40°C. The effect of surfactant can be seen on particle size, drug loading, and entrapment efficiency at 40°C. Results of in vivo deposition study indicated that all SLM formulas were able to deliver quercetin to the lungs. Increasing the concentration of surfactant in Quercetin SLMs made no difference to the lung deposition as confirmed by observations conducted at 1 hour and 4 hours. Quercetin SLM has the potential for lung delivery by inhalation.
Effect of Sodium Alginate-Carrageenan Concentration in Rifampicin Pulmospheres on Physical Characteristics, Release, and Anti-Tuberculosis Activity Liempepas, Angelika; Rahmadi, Mahardian; Ifadotunnikmah, Farida; Hariyadi, Dewi Melani
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.3.817-825

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which mostly attacks the lungs, but can also affect other organs. Tuberculosis is one of the biggest health problems worldwide. Conventional oral rifampicin preparations have several limitations, such as poor bioavailability, low solubility, and drug instability in the gastrointestinal fluid. Only a small portion of the tuberculosis drug can reach the alveoli, the main target of the tuberculosis drug. Drug delivery Systems are one of the solutions to this problem. They are a formulation or system that can mediate the delivery of therapeutic substances in the body to increase therapeutic effects, reduce drug side effects, increase bioavailability, and improve patient compliance. Pulmonary drug delivery requires a small dose and particle size, so microspheres are selected for lung delivery. This research aims to study the effect of sodium alginate concentration and carrageenan (0.75%, 1%, 1.25%) with a ratio of 1:1 on physical characteristics, in vitro release, and anti-tuberculosis activity. Preparation of Rifampicin Sodium Alginate-Carageenan Pulmospheres with Ionotropic Gelation-Aerosolization. Pulmospheres were evaluated for entrapment efficiency, morphology, yield, particle size, drug loading, in vitro release, and Mycobacterium smegmatis activity. Increasing concentrations of sodium alginate and carrageenan produce rifampicin pulmospheres with good physical characteristics, increase rifampicin release, and result in inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis
Pectin Red Dragon Fruit Peel Pectin-Based Microspheres for Oral Quercetin Delivery: Characterization, Stability Study, Digestion Resistance, and Cytotoxicity Against HeLa Cells Kurniawan, Muhammad Fariez; Setyawan, Dwi; Hariyadi, Dewi Melani
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.4.1049-1073

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the potential of red dragon fruit skin pectin to be used as a polymer compared with commercial pectin in the quercetin microsphere. Microspheres were made using the ionic gelation technique. Ten formulas were created, utilizing pectin from red dragon skin extracted with oxalic acid (OA75), citric acid (CA75), acetic acid (AA75), and commercial pectin at 1% and 1.5% concentrations. A gel permeation chromatography test (GPC) was performed to evaluate pectin’s molecule weight. Parameters were assessed, including yield, moisture content (MC), Carr’s Index, Hausner ratio, swelling index, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), drug loading (DL), encapsulation efficiency (EE), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), in vitro drug release, accelerated stability test at a temperature of 40±2oC and RH 75±5% for 3 months and thermal stability test in the form of DSC and XRD at the same temperature and humidity for 9 months, digestion resistance with incubation in artificial stomach and intestinal solution for 4 hours continued with cytotoxicity test on HeLa cells with MTT Assays. Results of FTIR indicate a strong interaction between quercetin and pectin in forming a stable microsphere structure; SEM showed the spheres morphologically. The kinetics of quercetin release from microspheres was the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. DL and EE had no significant differences for 3 months and no significant changes in the glass transition in the DSC test during testing until month 9. The FF formulation (1.5% AA75) had the highest cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells and a high Selectivity Index.
Characteristics, Release, and Stability (Kinetics and Shelf-life) of Ciprofloxacin HCl-Alginate-Carrageenan Microspheres: Effects of Drug Concentration and Type of Lyoprotectant Amiruddin; Rahmadi, Mahardian; Hariyadi, Dewi Melani
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.1.148-160

Abstract

Tuberculosis, an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Alternative treatments are necessary due to the rising prevalence of medication resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin HCl, are among these alternatives and are generally administered orally, but they have limitations. Therefore, pulmonary targeted inhalation delivery systems have been developed. Inhalation of microspheres enables deposition in the lungs at appropriate particle sizes. This study formulates ciprofloxacin HCl microspheres with an optimal ratio and concentration of polymer combination and crosslinker, aiming to determine the effect of drug concentration and lyoprotectant type on characteristics, release, and stability, including degradation kinetics and shelf life. The results showed that the ciprofloxacin HCl-alginate-carrageenan microsphere powder was yellowish-white, with smooth morphology, a yield percentage of 96.08% ± 0.84 – 97.00% ± 0.19, particle sizes below 5 µm, drug loading between 4.57% ± 0.13 – 6.76% ± 0.06, and entrapment efficiency ranging from 79.45% ± 2.53 – 90.80% ± 0.77. The powder had moisture content below 5% and excellent flow properties. Ciprofloxacin HCl release from microspheres at pH 7.4 for 30 hours was 84.55% ± 0.89 – 90.74% ± 0.22, following Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics based on the Fickian diffusion mechanism. Ciprofloxacin HCl-alginate-carrageenan microspheres were stable and exhibited good shelf life. This study concluded that particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, and drug release are all influenced by drug concentration, while moisture content and flow properties, with adequate shelf life, are influenced by the type of lyoprotectant.
Co-Authors Abhimata Paramanandana Amiruddin Andang Miatmoko Aqsha, Aulia Charis Ardhani Dwi Lestari1 Bambang Tri Purwanto Dewi Isadiartuti Dini Retnowati Djoko Agus Purwanto Dwi Setiawan Dwi Setyawan Esti Hendradi Farida Ifadotunnikmah Fauzia Azzahra, Fauzia Hadi Poerwono Hanafi Tanojo Handayani, Rosita I NYOMAN WIJAYA Idha Kusumawati Imamatin Nufus Melania Irawan, Mukhlis Bayu Irawan, Mukhlis Bayu Juni Ekowati Kurniawan, Muhammad Fariez Liempepas, Angelika Mahardian Rahmadi Marcellino Rudyanto Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty Mohammad Agus Sjamsur Rijal Mohammad Rizki Fadhil Pratama Muh. Agus Syamsur Rijal Muhamad Ilham Royyan Nafi’ Muhammad Agus Syamsur Rijal Muhammad Faris Adrianto Noorma Rosita Praditapuspa, Ersanda Nurma Putri Hamidah Khairunnisa Rahman, Fakhrinnisa Wildani Rahmi Annisa Regia Nada Asshafa Retno Sari Retno Widyowati Rossa Auli Tasha Sairiyah, Siti Nasikatus Siti Rahmah Sri Wahyuni, Tutik Sugiyartono1 Suzana Tekla Kalalo Tiara Jeni Rosadi Tristiana Erawati Tristiana Erawati Tutiek Purwanti Widji Soeratri Wiwied Ekasari Yusuf, Helmy Yusuf, Helmy