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Kontak Serumah dan Kejadian Penularan Tuberkulosis di Pontianak Barat Nurhayati, Etiek; Rahmawati, Eri; Sutriswanto, Sutriswanto; Tumpuk, Sri; Triana, Linda
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 8, No 2 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v8i2.1859

Abstract

Tuberkulosis adalah penyakit menular disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit Tuberkolosis paru ditularkan melalui udara (droplet nuclei), saat penderita batuk, bersin atau berbicara, kuman TB paru yang berbentuk droplet akan bertebaran di udara. Kontak serumah dengan penderita tuberkulosis aktif berisiko tertular dibandingkan dengan yang tidak kontak dengan penderita tuberkulosis paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko penularan TB paru pada orang yang kontak serumah meliputi lama kontak dan tidur sekamar dengan penderita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Perumnas II Kecamatan Pontianak Barat. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampling.  Jumlah sampel sebanyak 77 responden yang tinggal serumah dengan penderita tuberkulosis paru yang masih aktif berobat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Perumnas II Kecamatan Pontianak Barat, 2024. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, kunjungan rumah dan pemeriksaan laboratorium BTA secara mikroskopis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan dari 77 responden yang memiliki kontak dengan penderita ≥ 8 jam sebanyak 37 responden (48,1%) dan didapatkan 4 responden yang hasil BTA (+). Lama kontak dengan prevalensi sebanyak (10,8%) dan tidur sekamar dengan prevalensi sebanyak (36,3%). Maka disimpulkan bahwa terdapat  penularan TB Paru pada orang yang kontak serumah dengan penderita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Perumnas II Kecamatan Pontianak Barat.
Risk of pulmonary tuberculosis transmission among household contacts Rahmawati, Eri; Nurhayati, Etiek; Sutriswanto, Sutriswanto
ELECTRON (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): ELECTRON (Journal of Science and Technology)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/electron.v7i1.515

Abstract

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus. Pulmonary TB disease is transmitted through the air (droplet nuclei), when the patient coughs, sneezes, or talks, pulmonary TB germs in the form of droplets will be scattered in the air. Household contact with active tuberculosis people has higher risk of being infected compared to those who are not in contact. This study aims to determine the risk of pulmonary TB transmission in people who are in house contact, including length of contact and sleeping in the same room, in the working area of Puskesmas Perumnas II, West Pontianak District. This research is categorized as descriptive analytic with total sampling technique. The sample size was 77 respondents who lived in the same house with pulmonary TB patients who were still actively seeking treatment in the working area of Perumnas II Community Health Center. Sample criteria included inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research was conducted through direct interviews using questionnaires, observation sheets, and microscopic BTA data collection. The results showed that out of 77 respondents, 37 respondents (48.1%) had contact with patients ≥ 8 hours and 4 of them were BTA positive. The prevalence of transmission based on length of contact was 10.8% and based on sleeping in the same room was 36.3%. The study concluded that there was a prevalence of pulmonary TB transmission in people who were in contact with the patient.
The relationship between the knowledge factors of pregnant women and the incidence of hepatitis B Hunam, Maria Marselina; Supriyanto, Supriyanto; Sutriswanto, Sutriswanto
ELECTRON (Journal of Science and Technology) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): ELECTRON (Journal of Science and Technology)
Publisher : Borneo Scientific Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53770/electron.v7i2.519

Abstract

Hepatitis is caused by the hepatitis B virus and is a health problem throughout the world including in Indonesia, estimated to infect nearly two billion people in the world and around 350 million people are pregnant women, (World Health Organization). The factor of knowledge of pregnant women about the incidence of hepatitis B is closely related to a person's awareness of the risk of hepatitis infection. The study aims to determine the relationship between the knowledge factors of pregnant women and the incidence of hepatitis B in the work area of the Desideria Sandai Primary Clinic, Ketapang Regency. Comparative Analytical Research Design with Cross-Sectional approach, sampling using total sampling technique with a sample size of 40 pregnant women. This study uses primary data in the form of questionnaires given to pregnant women who conduct pregnancy checks at the Desideria Sandai Primary Clinic and are tested for Hepatitis B by the Rapid Test HbsAg method. The results of the Chi-Square Analysis showed significant relationship between the Knowledge Factor of pregnant women and the incidence of Hepatitis B at the Pratama Desideria Sandai ClinicKetapang Regency as evidenced by the p-value on the Fiscer Exact Test of 0.042 (<0.05). There is a significant relationship between the Knowledge factor of pregnant women and the incidence of Hepatitis B at the Pratama Desideria Sandai Clinic, Ketapang Regency.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Batang Brotowali (Tinospora Crispa) sebagai Larvasida Terhadap Culex Sp Sutriswanto, Sutriswanto; Ihsan, Bagus Muhammad; Cahyani, Mely
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 4, No 7 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 7 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v4i7.14624

Abstract

ABSTRACT Filariasis (elephantiasis) is a disease caused by the Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito vector. Eradicating larvae is one way of controlling the Culex mosquito vector. Brotowali stems (Tinospora crispa) have potential as a natural larvicide. The contents of brotowali (Tinospora crispa) stem extract include alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids and flavonoids. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of brotowali (Tinospora crispa) stem extract as a larvicide against Culex sp. The research method used was laboratory experimental using 4 variations of concentration, namely 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% with 5 treatments using Culex sp larvae. Based on research results, the lowest death concentration level is 4% with a death percentage of 48% and the highest death concentration level is 10% with a death percentage of 82%. In the One Way ANOVA test, the p value = 0.000, where the p value < 0.05, means that brotowali (Tinospora crispa) stem extract is effective as a larvicide for Culex sp mosquitoes. Keywords: Culex sp, Bitter vine (Tinospora crispa) , Extract ABSTRAK Penyakit Filariasis (kaki gajah) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh vektor nyamuk Culex quinquefasciatus. Pemberantasan larva merupakan salah satu pengendalian vektor nyamuk Culex. Batang brotowali (Tinospora crispa) memiliki potensi sebagai larvasida alami. Kandungan ekstrak batang brotowali (Tinospora crispa) antara lain Alkaloid, Tanin, Saponin, Glikosida, terpenoid dan flavonoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak batang brotowali (Tinospora crispa) sebagai larvasida terhadap Culex sp. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan 4 variasi konsentrasi yaitu 4%, 6%, 8% dan 10% dengan 5 kali perlakuan menggunakan larva Culex sp. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tingkat konsentrasi kematian terendah yaitu 4% dengan persentase kematian 48% dan tingkat konsentrasi kematian tertinggi yaitu 10% dengan persentase kematian 82%. Pada uji One Way ANOVA diperoleh nilai p value = 0.000 dimana nilai p value < 0.05 hal ini dapat diartikan bahwa Ekstrak batang brotowali (Tinospora crispa) efektif sebagai larvasida nyamuk Culex sp Kata Kunci: Culex sp, Batang Brotowali, Ekstrak
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract Ointment of Tithonia diversifolia Against Staphylococcus aureus Triana, Linda; Supardi, Rizal; Sutriswanto, Sutriswanto; Ratnawati, Gervacia Jenny; Sari, Emilda; Nurhayati, Etiek
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i1.2136

Abstract

Skin infections caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus remain a common health problem, and the need for safer alternative topical antibacterial agents continues to increase. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract ointment of Tithonia diversifolia leaves with various concentrations formulated as a semi-solid topical preparation. A quasi-experimental design was used, and ointments were prepared at concentrations of 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, 13%, 15%, 17%, 19%, and 21%. Antibacterial activity was tested using the well-diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 27 samples were tested with three replications. The results showed that the ointment produced inhibition zones ranging from 13.83 mm to 22.00 mm, with higher concentrations yielding greater inhibition. Repeated Measures ANOVA showed a significant difference among concentrations (p = 0.003), indicating that the increase in extract concentration significantly affected the antibacterial effectiveness. This study concludes that ethanol extract ointment of Tithonia diversifolia leaves demonstrates strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus*, with effectiveness increasing proportionally with concentration.