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Effect of Calina Papaya Leaves Extract on Respiratory Tract in Cigarette Smoke Exposed Rats Setiawan, Haris; Hikmawati, Arlinda Sekar Ayu; Wulandari, Sri Wijayanti; Malinda, Eriza Via; Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 7 No 2 (2022): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v7i2.19068

Abstract

Cigarette smoke is a source of free radicals that cause health problems throughout the world. Indonesia is a country that has many sources of natural antioxidants in counteracting free radicals, one of which is Calina papaya leaves. The study aimed to determine the potential of Calina papaya leaves antioxidants in improving the respiratory organs of Wistar rats after being exposed to cigarette smoke. The study using 25 male Wistar rats consisted of Control (not exposed to cigarette smoke and given distilled water), KN (cigarette smoke and given distilled water), P1 (cigarette smoke and Calina Papaya Leaves Ethanolic extracts (CPLE) 100 mg/kg BW), P2 (cigarette smoke and CPLE 200 mg/kg BW), and P3 (cigarette smoke and given CPLE 300 mg/kg BW). Exposure to cigarette smoke and administration of extracts was carried out for 21 days. On day 22, the rats were euthanized and dissected to remove the lungs and trachea. Organs were prepared using the paraffin method and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Parameters consisted of histopathological observations of the lungs and trachea. All data parameters were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test and Duncan's advanced test (p<0.05). The results showed that there was an improvement in histopathology of the lungs and trachea at a dose of 200 mg/Kg BW compared to other doses (p<0.05). The study showed that the Calina papaya leaves ethanolic extracts have the potential as a source of antioxidants in improving the respiratory organs of Wistar rats after being exposed to cigarette smoke.
Species Diversity and Dominance of the Aranaemorphae Sub-Order in the 90-Day-Old Rice Generative Phase Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra; Pertiwi, Pelangi Mayang Sukma
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (939.581 KB) | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v2i2.6955

Abstract

Spiders have an important role in ecosystems, in particular agricultural ecosystems. Spiders play the role of natural enemies capable of helping farmers by eating insect pests. The purpose of this study was to identify the type of Sub-Order Aranaemorphae and calculate the level of diversity and dominance of the type of Sub-Order Aranaemorphae in the generative phase of rice aged 90 days. The study was conducted in April-September 2022 in the rice field area of Tamanan Village. The determination of the research location was carried out using the purposive sampling method with the criteria of a rice field area of 2500 m2 and the age of rice plants ranging from 90 days. Sampling was carried out on 9 plots with a plot size of 21 x 4 m2 each. Sampling was carried out by hand picking and indirect methods with sweep nets, pitfall traps, and yellow pan traps. The species of Sub-Order Aranaemorphae found in this study were 12 species, namely Oxyopes sp., O. lineatipes, O. javanus, Atypena formosana, Tetragnatha vermiformis, Pardosa pseudoannulata, Lycosa sp., L. pseudoannulata, Lycosa sp. 1, Araneus inustus, Clubiona  sp.  and Thomisus  Sp. The conclusion of this study were the diversity index value (H') of the Aranaemorphae Sub-Order obtained in this study was 2.133 with a moderate category, and the dominance index value (D) of the Aranaemorphae Sub-Order obtained was 0.1785 with a low category. The total number of spider individuals obtained was 173 individuals.
Severity and Incidence of Spodoptera frugiperda Attack on Maize Plants in Sleman District Aditia, Alek Firnanda; Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 30 No. 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.30.3.581

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest of maize that has caused damage and economic losses to maize crops in Indonesia. Damage caused by its larvae can be seen from the incidence and level of damage to maize plants, especially in the leaves. This study aimed to analyze the severity and incidence of S. frugiperda larvae infestation on maize plants in Sleman Regency. The study was conducted on the vegetative phase of maize plants in Sleman District. Sampling locations were determined using the survey method, and the fields were using the stratified scheme. The maize fields used for sampling were decided by a purposive method. Calculation of incidence and damage level was done using the letter W scouting procedure. Data was analyzed with a correlation test to see the relationship between damage level and S. frugiperda incidence in the district. The highest damage level was found in Ngaglik Subdistrict with 51 infested plants with high damage, while the lowest was found in Minggir Subdistrict with 179 infested plants with low damage. The highest incidence rate was found in Seyegan (47.55%), and the lowest in Minggir Subdistrict (11.96%). The conclusion of this study is that S. frugiperda infestation has been found in Sleman Regency with low to severe infestation, while the incidence rate is low to moderate. Keywords: Maize, occurrence, severity, Sleman, Spodoptera frugiperda
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ORDO COLEOPTERA PADA AREA PERSAWAHAN DESA TAMANAN , KECAMATAN BANGUNTAPAN, KABUPATEN BANTUL Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra; Pravitarani, Faradina
Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia
Publisher : Universitas Islam Kadiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32503/hijau.v8i1.2964

Abstract

Kumbang memiliki peran penting dalam ekosistem, diantaranya sebagai herbivore, predator, scavenger dan dekomposer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi jenis Ordo Coleoptera dan menghitung tingkat keanekaragaman, jumlah individu serta dominansi jenis Ordo Coleoptera di area persawahan Desa Tamanan, Kecamatan Banguntapan, Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April – September 2022 di area persawahan Desa Tamanan. Penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 9 plot dengan ukuran plot masing-masing 21 x 4 m. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode langsung (hand picking) dan metode tidak langsung dengan perangkap jaring (sweep net), perangkap jebakan (pitfall trap) dan perangkap piringan kuning (yellow pan trap). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan 7 jenis kumbang yaitu Verania lineta, Curinus coeruleus, Altica cyanea, Aspidomorpha miliaris, Phaedonia inclusa, Monolepta sp. dan Paederus fuscipes dari 3 famili berbeda yaitu Coccinelidae, Chrysomelidae, dan Staphylinidae. Tingkat keanekaragaman jenis kumbang pada area tersebut termasuk dalam kategori sedang, jumlah individu kumbang yang ditemukan sebanyak 116 ekor serta nilai dominansi kumbang tergolong rendah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu jenis kumbang yang ditemukan sebanyak 7 jenis dengan 3 famili dengan 1 subordo yaitu polyphaga. Tingkat keanekaragaman yang diperoleh dengan kategori sedang sebesar 1,67, jumlah individu sebanyak 116 ekor dan nilai dominansi rendah dengan nilai 0,27.
Pemanfaatan Agen Biologis dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga di Dusun Bejen Kabupaten Bantul Nuryady, Moh. Mirza; Fauzi, Ahmad; Setyawan, Dwi; Nurwidodo, Nurwidodo; Pratiwi, Ambar; Utami, Inggita; Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra; Munir, Misbahul
Aksiologiya: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 8 No 4 (2024): November
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/aks.v8i4.11104

Abstract

Sampah organik merupakan hasil dari sisa makan, kayu, ranting, daun, dan kertas, sampah organik mendominasi di Indonesia. Salah satu penghasil sampah organik adalah rumah tangga. Dusun Bejen kabupaten Bantul merupakan penghasil sampah organik tersebut. Dengan adanya Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) menambah pengetahuan dan keterampilan serta kesadaran Warga Dusun Bejen Bantul meningkat dan permasalahan sampah yang belum tertangani di lokasi tersebut dapat terselesaikan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di halaman Musholla Al-Manar, Dusun Bejen pada tanggal 19 Oktober 2021. Pelatihan yang dilakukan berupa pengolahan sampah organik dengan teknik keranjang takakura, eco-enzyme dan ember tumpuk dengan Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Dari hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat Dusun Bejen terbukti meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengolah sampah organik skala rumah tangga.
Cytotoxic Potential of Combination of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Extract and Cisplatin against HeLa Cervical Cancer Cell Line: A Study of Antiproliferative Activity and Apoptosis Induction Nurani, Laela Hayu; Azzahra, Fara; Utami, Dwi; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Guntarti, Any; Irham, Lalu Muhammad; Daud, Intan; Khairurrizki, Amanda; Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra; Ismiyati, Nur; Rofida, Siti; Sugiyanto, Sugiyanto
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 30, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.92440

Abstract

Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent cancer types, making the development of effective anticancer agents critical. Cisplatin (CIS) is a drug that has been used to treat cancer, but it also affects normal cells. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extract (HSE), which has the potential as an anticancer agent, can be developed as a co-chemotherapy with CIS. This study aimed to determine the potential of HSE as a co-chemotherapy with CIS against HeLa cervical cancer cells and determine specific and non-specific parameters of the studied extract. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) simplicia powder was macerated with 96% ethanol. An in vitro evaluation was carried out on antiproliferative activity by calculating the doubling time. Additionally, a selectivity test was conducted to calculate combination index (CI) values based on the microtetrazolium (MTT) method. Apoptosis mechanisms were explored based on immunocytochemical methods using p53, caspase, and Bax antibodies, followed by an observation of apoptotic induction using a flow cytometer. The HSE and CIS selectivity index values obtained for Vero cells and HeLa cells were 209 and 278, respectively. The antiproliferation test results showed that the combination of HSE and CIS could better extend the doubling time of cells compared to the negative control. This combination also demonstrated a strong synergistic effect, with a CI value of 0.001. The extract as a co-chemotherapy with CIS was capable of increasing the expression of p53, caspase-3, and Bax. The flow cytometry analysis results indicated that HSE could induce apoptosis. Based on the results on the IC50 and CI value of HSE, as well as on the doubling time and apoptosis induction of HSE-influenced HeLa cells, it is concluded that HSE has the potential as a co-chemotherapy against cervical cancer.
Detection of Microplastics in the Digestive Tract of Commercial Fishes from Swalayan X Yogyakarta City Suwartiningsih, Nurul; Aprilda, Clariza Ninda; Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra; Putra, Sigit Surya
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v12i1.10359

Abstract

Plastic waste in waters can be degraded into microplastics with a size <5 mm. Microplastics in waters can enter the bodies of organisms, including commercial fishes. This study aims to analyze the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in the digestive tract of three species of commercial fishes from Supermarket X, Yogyakarta City, DIY Province. This study is an exploratory research that used three species of fishes, milkfish (Chanos chanos), mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.), and tuna (Euthynnus affinis). Fish samples were purchased from Supermarket X, Yogyakarta City, DIY Province, taken using quota sampling technique. The fish digestive tract was taken, soaked in 10% KOH, heated in oven at 60° then filtered. The obtained microplastics were then observed under a light microscope. The Kruskal Wallis test was performed to differentiate the abundance and characteristics of microplastics among the three species of fishes. The results showed the abundance of microplastics in the digestive tract of mackerel 465.00 ± 222.69 microplastics/individual, milkfish 471.67 ± 58.53 microplastics/individual and tuna 554.00 ± 122.19 microplastics/individual, but not significantly different. The forms of microplastic found were fiber, fragments, films, and pellets but not significantly different. The color of the microplastics obtained were not significantly different between fish species. Microplastics are dominated by the size range of 101 – 200 µm. Based on the FT-IR results, the microplastics found were Polypropylene (PP). Microplastics detected in the digestive tract of three species of commercial fishes from Supermarket X, Yogyakarta City, DIY Province have abundance and characteristics that are not significantly different.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS SEMUT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) DI SEKITAR KAMPUS 4 UNIVERSITAS AHMAD DAHLAN YOGYAKARTA Indra Putra, Ichsan Luqmana; Setiawan, Haris; Suprihatini, Novilia
Biospecies Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): Juli 2021
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v14i2.12905

Abstract

Keanekaragaman adalah jenis-jenis makhluk hidup yang ada di bumi, baik di daratan, lautan, maupun tempat lainnya, salah satunya semut. Semut dapat ditemukan di berbagai habitat, baik di dataran rendah ataupun dataran tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman semut yang berada disekitar kampus 4 UAD Yogyakarta dan mengetahui spesies semut dominan yang ditemukan. Area pengambilan sampel mewakili 4 area sekitar kampus yaitu persawahan, perumahan, kampus, dan lahan kosong. Setiap area pengambilan sampel ditentukan 2 plot dengan ukuran 700 m2 (35 m x 20 m) yang tersebar pada area pengambilan sampel. Kemudian di dalam plot ditentukan 5 subplot dengan ukuran 150 m2 (15 m x 10 m) yang tersebar di dalam plot. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pengambilan sampel dengan metode tidak langsung dengan menggunakan jebakan sugar trap dan bait trap. Lima trap dipasang di setiap subplot, sehingga total terdapat 25 jebakan pada masing-masing plot. Semut yang didapatkan kemudian diidentifikasi dengan melihat ciri morfologinya sampai tingkat spesies. Hasil identifikasi kemudian ditabulasikan untuk kemudian dihitung tingkat keanekaragaman semut. Perhitungan tingkat keanekaragaman tersebut dihitung dengan menggunakan rumus Shannon-Wiener dan untuk menghitung dominansi semut menggunakan formula Ludwig dan Reynolds (1981). Hasil penelitian ini, didapatkan tingkat keanekaragaman semut disekitar kampus 4 UAD memiliki tingkat rendah dengan nilai H’ 0,78 yang disebabkan oleh pengaruh dari alih fungsi lahan dan diperoleh spesies semut yang paling melimpah adalah Monomorium minimum dengan jumlah 3734 individu dan yang tidak melimpah yaitu spesies Cardiocondyla elegans dengan jumlah 1 individu.
PERSEBARAN, TINGKAT PARASITASI, DAN TINGKAT PARASITISME Telenomus remus Nixon TERHADAP TELUR Spodoptera frugiperda PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN, D.I. YOGYAKARTA Putri, Aulia Ramanda; Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra
Berita Biologi Vol 24 No 2 (2025): Berita Biologi
Publisher : BRIN Publishing (Penerbit BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/berita_biologi.2025.8957

Abstract

Salah satu musuh alami yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan populasi Spodoptera frugiperda di lapangan adalah parasitoid. Parasitoid yang telah diketahui potensial dalam mengendalikan populasi S. frugiperda adalah Telenomus remus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis persebaran, tingkat parasitasi, dan tingkat parasitisme T. remus pada telur S. frugiperda di Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta. Lahan yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel telur ditentukan dengan metode stratified random, sedangkan pengambilan sampel pada lahan penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive. Sampel yang diambil berupa telur S. frugiperda dan dipelihara sampai telur menetas menjadi larva atau keluar parasitoidnya. Baik telur yang menetas ataupun tidak kemudian dihitung untuk menentukan tingkat parasitasi dan tingkat parasitisme T. remus. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa T. remus tersebar pada 17 kecamatan di Sleman dengan persebaran tertinggi di Sleman dan Pakem, sedangkan persebaran terendah di daerah Tempel, Minggir, dan Ngaglik. Tingkat parasitasi T. remus terhadap telur S. frugiperda masuk kedalam kategori tinggi cenderung sangat tinggi, sedangkan untuk Tingkat parasitisme mencapai 86%. Berdasarkan hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa persebaran dan kemampuan parasitasi T. remus terhadap telur S. frugiperda di Sleman tergolong baik. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut untuk mendukung efektivitas pengendalian hayati ini, perlu dilakukan upaya pengurangan penggunaan pestisida kimia, misalnya melalui penerapan pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT), penggunaan pestisida selektif yang ramah musuh alami, serta peningkatan pelatihan petani terkait konservasi agen hayati.
Potential of 96% Etanol Extract of Bandotan Leaves (Ageratum conyzoides L.) as Larvasida Instar III Culex quinquefasciatus Say Syiama Nofitri Yuningsih; Ichsan Luqmana Indra Putra
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol 11 No 1 (2025): January
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v11i1.9673

Abstract

The high number of filariasis cases in Indonesia requires efforts to control the population of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. This study aims to analyse the concentration that is effective in killing Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae for 48 hours, and to analyse the LC50 and LT50 values of bandotan leaf extract within 48 hours. Bandotan leaves were collected from Jamblang village, Sleman, Yogyakarta. The leaves were extracted using 96% ethanol, diluted into five concentrations repeated 5 times. Third instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were obtained from the Salatiga Environmental Health Laboratory (BBLKL). Larval mortality was analysed using Kruskal-Wallis test and LC50 and LT50 probit analysis. The results obtained showed that 96% ethanol extract of bandotan leaves at concentrations of 1% (positive control) and 9% had an effect on larval mortality, with an LC50 value obtained of 3.88%. The LT50 values at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% were 0 hours; 2.64 hours; 146.90 hours; 102.43 hours; 79, 24 hours; and 53.83 hours. The conclusion of this study is that 96% ethanol extract of bandotan leaves at the concentration used in this study does not have the potential to be used as a larvicide against Cx. quinquefasciatus.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Abda Abda Aditia, Alek Firnanda Agrisukma, Salsabilla Ari Sekar Ahmad Tantowi Akhmad Nizzar Nasikhudin Alfi Nurcahyasari Andika Setyo Budi Any Guntarti Aprilda, Clariza Ninda Aris Setiawan Arlinda Sekar Ayu Hikmawati Aulia Wulanda Aulia Wulanda Aulia, Dwi Ranti Azzahra, Fara Citra Ariani Edityaningrum, Citra Clariza Ninda Aprilda Codrat Dwi Nugroho Sulistyo Wati Daud, Intan Dede Maryana Dita Megasari Dwi Setyawan Eriza Via Malinda Fauzan Dharmawan, Achmad Fauzi Ahmad Muda Glady Sunggoro Haris Setiawan Hikmawati, Arlinda Sekar Ayu Husni dan Zulfanazli Pudjianto Alfian Rusdy Ihsan Nurkomar Inggita Utami Irwanto Sucipto Khairurrizki, Amanda Khusnul Khotimah Khusnul Khotimah Kurnia Suci Maharani Laela Hayu Nurani Lalu Muhammad Irham Lenggar, Benta Listiatie Budi Utami Lutfiyyatul Zahra, Fadhila Lyly Nur Indah Sari MA’RUFAH, NILA Malinda, Eriza Via Maolinda Budiarti Misbahul Munir Moh. Mirza Nuryady Muhammad Izzuddin Noor Rahmadi Muhammad Usman Muhammad Yusron Maulana El-Yunusi Mulyono Mulyono Nanda Dwi Martina Nanda Dwi Martina Nina Restyaningsih Nisrina Az-Zahra Nurlaily Nur Ismiyati Nuri Dwi Astuti Nurkomar, Ihsan Nurul Istiqomah Nurul Suwartiningsih Nurwidodo, Nurwidodo Nurwijayanti Pertiwi, Pelangi Mayang Sukma Pratiwi, Ambar Pravitarani, Faradina Pudjianto Pudjianto Putra, Sigit Surya Putri, Aulia Ramanda Putri, Dila Savira Mayang Putri, Tasya Aulia Putri, Tasya Triana Raffly Muhammad Dhiaulhaq Ridwan Alfatah Rizki G. Pangestu Sadda Salisa Yahya Saputra, Wahyu Hana Sigit Surya Putra Siti Rofida Sri Wijayanti Wulandari Sri Wijayanti Wulandari Suci Resty Rahmadini Sugiyanto - Suprihatini, Novilia Suwartiningsih, Nurul Suwartiningsih, Nurul Syiama Nofitri Yuningsih Tazkiah Unida Tri Liana Marthadella Trisnawati, Dina Wahyu Unida, Tazkiah Utami, Inggita Utami, Nurul Putrie Wikantyoso, Bramantyo Wildan Muhlison Winda Aulia Putri Wulandari, Sri Wijayanti Yahya Hanafi