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نوازل زكاة الزراعية دراسة تحليليّة اقتصادية Budi Utomo; Khaeruddin Hamsin; Isman; Hakimuddin Salim
al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies Vol. 6 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afkarjournal.v6i4.818

Abstract

نوازل الزكاة أمر مهم في دراسة الزكاة, لأنها يتحقق مقاصد الشرع في الأموال التي تجب فيها الزكاة. وقد عرفنا أن الزكاة ركن من أركان الإسلام, ولذلك من الواجب على كل من قام بإدارة أموال الزكاة أن يدقّق في دراسة نوازلها, لأن أمور الزكاة تجددت، والأموال طائلة يتم اكتسابها بطرق جديدة كأموال الزراعية وغيرها. فزكاة الزراعية فيها أمورا تجددت بحسب تحولات الزمان والأعمال ومن خلال هذه ينبغى للفقهاء تعمّقا فى بحثها وتجديدها لإجابة الواقعية. منها ما جرى في الأموال الزراعية وأمثالها. ووجدنا الخبر في محافظة رياو أن أموال ساويت إذا أخرجت زكاتها بلغ إلى 30  تريليون. ولكن، قد تتسائل الناس عن مقدارها وحكمها وطريقة توزيعها بشكل مقبول, هل موافق أم مخالف لأحكام زكاة الزراعية؟، وعلى ذلك يقيم الباحث في هذا البحث عن دراسته وبيانه. ويستعمل الباحث في هذا البحث منهج الدراسة التحليلية عن زكاة الزراعية مع تجديد طريقة توزيعها. وسيتوصّل الباحث لعدة نتائج منها : أن النوازل والمستجدات في الأمور الفقهيات ومنها زكاة الزراعية لابد أن نبحث وندرس بطريقة علمية دقيقة واعية حتي يتوصل إلي حكم صحيح.
Views Of The MUI, NU, And Muhammadiyah On The Expansion Of The Meaning Of Ashnâf Fî Sabîlillâh In Indonesia Nur Sillaturohmah Handayani; Isman; Muthoifin
al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies Vol. 6 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afkarjournal.v6i4.828

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the views of the three largest Islamic organizations in Indonesia, namely the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and Muhammadiyah, related to the expansion of the meaning of ashnâf fî sabîlillâh in the current era. This research uses descriptive analytic qualitative method by collecting data from various related sources. The results showed that the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), as a joint community organization of various Islamic mass organizations in Indonesia, has an important role in providing fatwas and becoming a reference for Muslims and the government. MUI also has a view related to the expansion of the meaning of Ashnâf Fî sabîlillâh. Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) through the NU Institute of Zakat and Infaq Shodaqoh (LAZISNU) views that ASNAFIS has a general meaning, namely for the defense of Islam, Muslims, and public interests such as establishing schools and hospitals. Muhammadiyah through the Muhammadiyah Zakat and Infaq Shodaqoh Institute (LAZISMU) interprets ASNAFIS in three categories. First, the meaning of war, defense, and Islamic security. Second, the meaning of Islamic religious interests. Third, the meaning of Islamic religious interest. This research is expected to contribute to enriching the understanding of the views of three major mass organizations on the expansion of the meaning of ASNAFIS. In addition, this research also emphasizes the importance of Islamic legal certainty related to zakat in the context of zakat management which is increasingly growing in Indonesia along with the rapid development of zakat payment technology.
Protection of Customary Land Rights in Indonesia's New Capital: A Sociolegal and Regulatory Impact Assessment Isman Isman; Yuli Setyowati; Prima Arya Widodo
Ilomata International Journal of Social Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Ilomata

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/ijss.v7i2.1642

Abstract

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of existing protection measures in safeguarding indigenous land rights in Sepaku and Samboja, East Kalimantan, within the context of the capital city of Indonesia. This study employs a comprehensive methodology, including a literature review, legal analysis, and field investigations. It examines the legal framework, institutional coordination, and impact of land use policies on indigenous communities. The data were collected via interviews and document analysis. This study reveals a pressing need to strengthen regulatory design and law enforcement to protect indigenous land tenure rights. This text highlights the challenges faced by indigenous peoples due to deforestation, land disputes, and the transformation of land for urban development. The research underscores the necessity of improved cross-sectoral authority and coordination within the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. This study provides valuable insights into the complex issues surrounding land tenure rights and indigenous communities in the context of the capital city of Nusantara. The text contributes to the ongoing discourse on environmental protection, indigenous rights, and the sustainability of land use policies in Indonesia. The findings provide practical recommendations for enhancing legal protection and mitigating deforestation in high-demand land areas, ultimately benefiting both the environment and local communities.
Reinterpretation of Maqasid Sharia of Post Pandemic Islamic Fintech Lending Regulation in Indonesia Hasna Mumtaza Abdullah; I Isman
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2025: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to reinterpret maqasid al-shariah, particularly hifdz al-mal and tahqiq al-maslahah, in assessing the post-pandemic regulatory framework of sharia fintech lending in Indonesia based on OJK Regulation No. 10/POJK.05/2022 and DSN–MUI Fatwa No. 117/2018. It seeks to evaluate the extent to which these regulations respond to emerging risks from the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and blockchain, while supporting sustainable financial inclusion. Methodology: Employing a qualitative normative juridical approach, this research analyzes positive law (OJK regulations, UU ITE, UU PDP) and DSN-MUI fatwas through content analysis combined with a maqasid al-shariah framework. Secondary data from statutes, fatwas, policy documents, and contemporary literature on Islamic fintech and maqasid al-shariah are systematically examined to map regulatory provisions on contracts, transparency, risk mitigation, consumer protection, and data governance. Results: The findings show that the existing framework has facilitated the growth of sharia P2P lending and supported financial inclusion and MSME empowerment, yet it remains only partially aligned with maqasid al-shariah. Gaps persist in the form of digital gharar arising from opaque AI-based scoring, potential embedded riba in risk-pricing, and vulnerabilities in personal data protection that are not fully addressed by current regulations. Applications/Originality/Value: This study offers a maqasid-based reinterpretation of sharia fintech lending regulation in the post-pandemic era by proposing regulatory ijtihad on algorithmic transparency, sharia-compliant smart contracts, and data protection standards. It contributes a conceptual model of shariah tech governance that integrates fiqh muamalah, positive law, and ethical technology principles, thereby positioning sharia fintech as a vehicle for sustainable financial inclusion and the achievement of SDGs 8 and 10.
The Concept of Istihsan and Its Application in Sharia Economic Fatwas Indira Rahma Annisa; I Isman; Imron Rosyadi
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2025: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the concept of istihsan in usul al-fiqh and examine its relevance and application in sharia economic fatwas as a response to the complexity of modern economic transactions that cannot always be resolved through general rules or qiyas jali. The research methodology used is a qualitative approach with a library research type and is normative in nature, with primary data in the form of fatwas from the National Sharia Council-Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) relating to contemporary contracts and transactions, such as salam contracts, istisna', mu'āṭāh sales, sharia electronic money, and sharia fintech services, as well as secondary data in the form of ushul fikih and fikih muamalah literature. The analysis was conducted through content analysis and comparative-argumentative analysis to assess the shift in legal rulings from qiyas jali to the istihsan approach. The results of the study show that istihsan is used explicitly in sharia economic fatwas through various forms, such as istihsan bi al-nash, istihsan bi al-maslahah, and istihsan bi al-'urf, in order to realize benefits, justice, and convenience without violating the basic principles of sharia, particularly the prohibition of usury, gharar, and injustice. This study confirms that istihsan is a valid and relevant method of ijtihad in the development of Islamic economic fatwas, and has original value in demonstrating the adaptability of Islamic law to contemporary economic dynamics while remaining oriented towards the maqashid of Sharia.
Legal Protection for Members of The Sharia Savings and Loan Cooperative Rohmat Soekarno; Isman Isman; Wardah Yuspin
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2025: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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This article examines legal protection for members of Islamic savings and loan cooperatives in the event of default due to mismanagement, resulting in members being unable to withdraw their savings due to a lack of funds. The discussion focuses on the role of law in guaranteeing the restoration of members' rights and the need for legal certainty so that disputes do not drag on and do not only depend on the cooperative's internal mechanisms. The research uses a normative-empirical legal approach with qualitative analysis that links legal norms and institutional practices. The normative study is based on Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives and PermenKopUKM Number 8 of 2023, as well as the principles of muamalah in sharia economic law as an ethical and substantive framework. The analysis shows that, normatively, the management bears responsibility for losses incurred by the cooperative due to errors or negligence. However, the implementation of protection for members remains weak due to limited supervision, low transparency in reporting, weak auditing and administrative evidence, and the dominance of internal settlements that are not always independent. The absence of a cooperative deposit guarantee scheme increases members' legal uncertainty regarding their deposit rights and prolongs the recovery process. From a sharia perspective, this condition contradicts the principle of amanah and the objective of asset protection (hifz al-mal), thus requiring the strengthening of governance and accountability mechanisms. This article emphasizes the importance of effective supervision, adequate access to information for members, confirmation of management accountability, and enforceable dispute resolution mechanisms to ensure fair legal protection and certainty.
Literature Study on Zakat: Compilation of Factors Hindering Zakat Collection in Indonesia Muhamad Ramdhani Jihad; Isman Isman; Wardah Yuspin
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2025: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

The high potential for zakat in Indonesia cannot be separated from the obstacles to its collection. This study aims to analyze and compile various factors that hinder the collection of zakat in Indonesia based on the results of a literature review of various previous studies. The method used is a literature review by examining scientific articles, zakat institution reports, relevant academic publications in the period 2020-2025, as well as through interviews with relevant and knowledgeable sources on zakat issues in their surroundings. The results of the study show that low public awareness and literacy regarding zakat, lack of trust in Zakat Institutions, the quality of Amil human resources, uneven governance and infrastructure, legal obstacles, and the dual function of BAZNAS are the biggest factors hindering zakat collection in Indonesia. This research contributes to strengthening the national zakat collection strategy by emphasizing the importance of increasing public literacy and awareness of zakat, along with improving the quality of Zakat Institutions to strengthen public trust, and strengthening collaboration between the government, BAZNAS, and Zakat Institutions (LAZ) in Indonesia.
ضوابط الكسب الحلال عبر المنصات الرقمية: دراسة فقهية تحليلية في عصر اقتصاد المنصات: Limitations of Making a Halal Livelihood through Digital Platforms: An Analytical Fiqh Study in the Platform Economy Era Itsnaini Bambang Hasto Nugroho; Isman Isman
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2025: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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This research aims to explore the sharia principles that govern economic activities in the "Platform Economy", which has become a key pillar in the contemporary global financial system. The problem of this research arises from the rapid development of digital business models and their relationship with the alleged gharar (obscurity), jahalah (ignorance), and usury, which requires the renewal of fiqh in accordance with these developments. This study uses a descriptive approach to analyze the working mechanism of the platform, as well as a deductive analytical approach to apply general fiqh rules to emerging digital problems. This study concludes that the profits obtained through digital platforms are subject to basic principles, the most important of which are: the halalness of objects (services or goods), the transparency of contract algorithms to avoid jahalah, and the application of sharia rules in the legal control of digital assets. The study also emphasizes that the determination of fiqh platforms often falls between the status of brokers and paid agents, which requires regularity in formulating "terms of use" to ensure fairness in financial distribution. This research recommends the need for an international charter of ethics and sharia for digital platforms to strengthen the digital Islamic economy.
تنفيذ عقد الوكالة بالأجرة في المعاملات التجارية الرقمية: Execution of Agent Contracts in Return in Digital Trading Transactions Fadlurrahman Naufal; Isman Isman
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2025: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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Abstract

This article aims to analyze the importance of agent contracts in exchange in trading transactions in the digital age. This study uses a qualitative approach through literature studies as a research method, with data sources consisting of publications and literature references. The type of data used is descriptive data in the form of text and documents taken from published sources. Data is collected by tracing and studying the source of those libraries, while analytical descriptive analysis is used to process the data. The results of the study show that agent contracts in exchange are one type of contract that can be accepted as a sharia solution in trade transactions in the digital era, because it makes it possible to avoid trade transactions that fall into the elements of riba and gharar. An agent-for-reward contract is defined as a power of attorney contract in which a person authorizes another person to perform a specific job or transaction in exchange or an agreed wage. Based on this concept, the existence of rewards or wages related to the payment process in transactions or as compensation for certain work is considered valid in Islamic economics, and does not fall under the category of usury, but is considered a legitimate wage (salary).
Murabahah Default Dispute From the Perspective of Maqashid Syariah (Case Study Decision No. 01/Pdt.G.S/2021/PA. Kph) Isman Isman; Atania Saida El Rosyidah
Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity) 2025: Proceeding ISETH (International Summit on Science, Technology, and Humanity)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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The verdict of the Kepahiang Religious Court, Case Number 01/Pdt.G.S/2021/PA.Kph, reflects a tension between the formalistic application of positive law and the values of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, which emphasize justice and preventive benefit in resolving Islamic economic disputes. This study aims to analyze the legal considerations and the construction of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah in a murābaḥah contract default case by examining the consistency between the judge’s legal reasoning and the principles of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, namely ḥifẓ al-māl (protection of wealth), ḥifẓ al-‘aqd (protection of contract), and ḥifẓ al-‘adl (protection of justice). Employing a normative-juridical method with a case-conceptual approach and content analysis of the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law (KHES), the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), and DSN-MUI Fatwas, the study finds that the judge adopted systematic and grammatical interpretation through legal logic techniques such as subsumption, exclusion, derogation, and non-contradiction. However, the ruling remains curative and mechanistic in nature, as it primarily focuses on punitive measures for contractual breach. These findings reveal an epistemic disparity between the formal rationality of positive law and the preventive, benefit-oriented rationality of sharīʿah. This research contributes by proposing a maqāṣidic legal reasoning framework as an integrative paradigm to reconcile the rationality of positive law with the ethical rationality of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah in the practice of Islamic economic adjudication in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Abdul Jalal, Ridwan ABDUL ROZAK Afief El Ashfahany Aidul Fitriciada Azhari Ali Rabbani Andri Nirwana AN Annajaty, Abdulloh Yahya Arief Budiono Arova Bakhtiar Ashim Atania Saida El Rosyidah Azhar Alam Bafana, Faiz Adib Budi Badrul Zaman Budi Utomo Bukhori Diana Setiawati Diniyah, Dita Nurul Dwinuryidha Ken Rifqi Eny Purwandari Fadlurrahman Naufal Fauzul Hanif Noor Athief Febriyanto, Ridwan Firman, Muhammad Syafry Hamidah, Al Milla Harits, Muhammad Hasbullah Hasna Mumtaza Abdullah Hidayat, Syamsul Imran Rosyadi Imron Rosyadi Imron Rosyadi Imron Rosyadi Imron Rosyadi Imtah Salsabila Pratiwi Indira Rahma Annisa Indriyani, Latifah Itsnaini Bambang Hasto Nugroho Kelik Wardiono Khaeruddin Hamsin Khairuddin Hamsin Lukmanul Hakim Lukmanul Hakim M Junaidi, M Mamdukh Budiman Mani, Dwi Mutiara Kintan Mariam Elbanna Mohammad Zakki Azani Muhamad Agung Budiarto Muhamad Ramdhani Jihad Muhammad Ammar Al Amudi Muhammad Azhar Muttaqin Muhammad Baasith Muhammad Fahroni Hamsan Muhammad Irkham Firdaus Muhammad Syafri Firman Muhammad Syafry Firman Muhammad Syafry Firman Firman Mursheed Achmad Muthoifin Muttaqin, Ahmad Zainul Nimas Ayu Sholehah Nimas Ayu Sholehah Noto Narwanto Novita Novita Novita, N Nugroho, Bramantyo Suryo Nur Rizqi Febriandika Nur Sillaturohmah Handayani Oktafianus Yoga Tri Kusnandar Permatasari, Wulandari Dewi Prabu Arya Sembara Prima Arya Widodo Purwaningsih, Rista Putri Rahmawati, Shelly Rahardjo, Trisno Rahmah, Avivi Kayla Bikratuna Rania Mahmoud ELSakhawy Reyhan, Muhammad Reyhan Ridwan Febriyanto Risdayani Risdayani Risdayani, R Risdayani, Risdayani Rismawati, Eva Nur Rizka Rohmat Soekarno Salim, Hakimuddin Salsabila, Azka Saputra, Yusup Setiawan Budi Utomo Setyawati, Afifah Yuli Shaina Safa Reswara SYAMSUL HIDAYAT Syamsul Hidayat Triyono Adi Saputro Wardah Yuspin Widodo, Prima Ariyo Widodo, Prima Aryo Yahya Yahya Yuli Setyowati Yuli Setyowati