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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Bioeksperimen: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi Majalah Obat Tradisional Science and Technology Indonesia Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology
Rizal Maarif Rukmana, Rizal Maarif
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health Veterinary

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Journal : Science and Technology Indonesia

 1 
Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Activity and Anticancer Activity of Gamma-Irradiated Black Rice Bran (Oryza sativa L.) Ethanolic Extract: In-Vitro and In-Silico Study Rukmana, Rizal Maarif; Silfarohana, Rantika; Putra, Aditya Dwi Permana; Devi Safrina; Dian Susanti; Nur Rahmawati Wijaya; M Bakti Samsu Adi; Muhammad Evy Prastiyanto; Yanuar Ashari Cahyaningrum; Rina Nurmaulawati; Weka Sidha Bhagawan
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2025.10.2.628-643

Abstract

Black rice is a food crop with black pigments, which helps reduce the risk of various diseases and improve health. One way to improve food quality and avoid food contaminants is by irradiating. This study evaluated the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, and anticancer activity of irradiated black rice bran extract (IBRBE) in vitro and in silico. Black rice was irradiated with a Gamma cell 220 type irradiator at a 7.5 kGy/hour dose rate. Extraction of irradiated black rice bran was carried out using the maceration method. Phenolic and flavonoid components were quantified using the Folin–Ciocalteau and AlCl3 methods, respectively. Phytochemical compounds were identified by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC HRMS). The antioxidant activity of IBRBE was carried out against 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydazyl (DPPH). The cytotoxic activity of IBRBE against WiDr cells (colorectal cancer) and Vero (nonhuman cell lines) used the MT test method. Prediction of the inhibitory mechanism of compounds in the extract against target proteins EGFR and GPX7 was carried out in silico. Total phenolics and flavonoids were 2.57 ± 0.28 mg GAE/g and 19.12 ± 0.18 μg QE/ml, respectively. Twenty-four types of active compounds were obtained in IBRBE. The results of antioxidant activity obtained an IC50 value of 1198.45 ± 92.86 μg/ml. IC50 in WiDr cells and Vero cells were obtained at 36.08 ± 11.71 μg/ml and 570.58 ± 130.25 μg/ml, respectively. In silico results, the compound 4 Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid has the highest binding affinity to the EGFR protein, with a value of -5.9. Meanwhile, the Monoolein compound has the highest binding affinity to the GPX7 protein, with a value of -5.4.
Anticancer Efficacy of a Combination of Curcuma longa L. Rhizome and Annona muricata L. Leaf Extracts Against T47D Cells Pebriani, Sonia Ardilla; Bhagawan, Weka Sidha; Prastiyanto, Muhammad Evy; Rukmana, Rizal Maarif; Pratiwi, Rarastoeti; Suhendi, Andi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2026.11.2.405-419

Abstract

Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. The use of combinations of natural products is increasingly recognized as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa L.) and soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) are two natural materials known for their anticancer potential. This study aimed to identify the phytochemical constituents of turmeric rhizome and soursop leaf extracts and to evaluate the anticancer activity of their combination against T47D breast cancer cells. Turmeric and soursop leaves were extracted with 96% ethanol using the maceration method. Raw material standardization was performed by measuring water content, ethanol-soluble content, and water-soluble content. The extract was standardized by thin-layer chromatography. T47D and Vero cell lines were used in this study. Compound identification was performed using Liquid Chromatography–Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC/Q-TOF-MS). The candidate combination ratio was determined using the simplex lattice design approach in Design Expert 13 software. Cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effects were assessed using the MTT assay, while antimetastatic potential was evaluated through the scratch assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were analyzed by flow cytometry. IC_50 data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and post hoc testing was performed using Tukey’s multiple-comparison test. Antiproliferation and scratch assay data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test. Apoptosis and cell cycle assay data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test. Phytochemical profiling indicated the existence of fifteen chemicals in both turmeric rhizome and soursop leaf extracts. The candidate combination ratio of turmeric rhizome to soursop leaf extracts was 1:21, exhibiting cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 32.2 ± 2.5 ug/mL. The combined extract was associated with antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and pro-apoptotic responses and induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in T47D cells.
Co-Authors Adi, M Bakti Samsu Adi, M. Bakti Samsu Ana Indrayati Andang Arif Wibawa Andi Suhendi Arif Mulyanto, Arif Devi Safrina Dian Susanti Dian Susanti Dyah Subositi Endang Tri Wahyuni Maharani Ernanto, Aditya Rahman Geleta, Daniel Guruh Sri Pamungkas, Guruh Sri Ifandari Ifandari Jason Merari Peranginangin Julia Megawati Djamal Lia Kusmita M Bakti Samsu Adi Muhammad Evy Prastiyanto Nur Rahmawati Wijaya Nurfitriyawatie Pebriani, Sonia Ardilla Prastiyanto, Muhammad Evy Putra, Aditya Dwi Permana Putri, Wahyu Aristyaning Rahmat Budi Nugroho, Rahmat Budi Rarastoeti Pratiwi Rina Nurmaulawati Rohmat Mujahid, Rohmat Safrina, Devi Sah, Shiv Kumar Sari Haryanti Silfarohana, Rantika Sri Darmawati Tri Mulyowati, Tri Usman Siswanto Weka Sidha Bhagawan Wijaya, Nur Rahmawati Wisnumurti, Dwi Admani Yanuar Ashari Cahyaningrum Yuli Widiyastuti