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All Journal Hukum Islam Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam Tawazun: Journal of Sharia Economic Law DAYAH: Journal of Islamic Education Al Ahkam Mu'amalat: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syari'ah El-Iqtishady DIKTUM: JURNAL SYARIAH DAN HUKUM Indonesian Journal of Islamic and Social Science (IJISS) Jurnal Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam (JSEI) JTA International Journal of Islamic Finance (IJIF) Landraad Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Al Ikhlas
Fahmi Makraja
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Religion Humanities Astronomy Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Challenges of Students In Learning The Islamic Yellow Book at Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an Darussalam, Aceh Besar, Indonesia Fahmi Makraja; Ulil Azmi
DAYAH: Journal of Islamic Education Vol 6, No 2 (2023): DAYAH: Journal of Islamic Education
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jie.v6i2.17309

Abstract

This research discusses the challenges of Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an Darussalam students in learning the yellow book. Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an Darussalam is one of the traditional dayahs in Aceh Besar district that still maintains the concept and learning model of classical "beut seumeubeut". The location of Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an is very strategic, which is located between two well-known campuses in Aceh, namely Syiah Kuala University and Ar-Raniry State Islamic University. The majority of students in Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an Darussalam are students from the two campuses and some from other campuses. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, with the aim of discussing the challenges of Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an students in learning the yellow book. This research data was obtained through literature studies, observations and interviews. From the collected data, it was analyzed with a descriptive approach, namely describing the yellow book learning system in Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an Darussalam whose students were actually students. The results of this study show that there are several challenges for Dayah Raudhatul Qur'an Darussalam students in learning the yellow book, including lack of teaching staff, lack of learning time, insufficient and irregular repeating time, many student activities, and the negative impact of using technology. 
ANALISIS CROWDFUNDING SYARIAH BERDASARKAN PRINSIP SYARIAH COMPLIANCE SERTA PENERAPANNYA PADA PRODUK PERBANKAN SYARIAH Fahmi Makraja; Abdul Mujib
Mu'amalat: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/mu.v13i2.7266

Abstract

The presence of Financial Technology is a concrete manifestation of economic development in the digital era. One form of fintech development is the emergence of crowdfunding which is accessed via an internet network connection. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of the sharia crowdfunding method from the point of view of sharia compliance in Indonesia. The method used in this study is qualitative by using an empirical juridical approach. The results of this study conclude that the application of the sharia crowdfunding method to real sector economic transactions is in accordance with sharia principles, meaning that the sharia crowdfunding method is permissible according to Islamic law. The interrelated parties in this crowdfunding are the organizers, initiators and investors or donors as well as the Sharia Supervisory Board as the supervisory institution for the implementation of sharia crowdfunding. The application of crowdfunding in the development of Islamic banking products must be in accordance with sharia principles, namely avoiding the elements of magrib (maisir gharar and usury). The development of crowdfunding-based Fintech has grown rapidly in Indonesia so that special regulations are needed to regulate this so that unwanted things do not occur.
Analisis Crowdfunding Syariah Berdasarkan Prinsip Sharia Compliance pada Produk Perbankan Syariah Fahmi Makraja
TAWAZUN : Journal of Sharia Economic Law Vol 6, No 2 (2023): Tawazun: Journal of Sharia Economic Law
Publisher : Sharia Faculty Islamic Economic Law Study Department

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/tawazun.v6i2.18278

Abstract

The presence of Financial Technology is a concrete manifestation of economic development in the digital era. One form of fintech development is the emergence of crowdfunding  which is accessed via an internet network connection. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of the sharia crowdfunding method from the point of view of sharia compliance in Indonesia. The method used in this study is qualitative by using an empirical juridical approach. The results of this study conclude that the application of the sharia crowdfunding method to real sector economic transactions is in accordance with sharia principles, meaning that the sharia crowdfunding  method is permissible according to Islamic law. The interrelated parties in this crowdfunding  are the organizers, initiators and investors or donors as well as the Sharia Supervisory Board as the supervisory institution for the implementation of sharia crowdfunding. The application of crowdfunding  in the development of Islamic banking products must be in accordance with sharia principles, namely avoiding the elements of magrib (maisir, gharar and usury). The development of crowdfunding -based fintech has grown rapidly in Indonesia so that special regulations are needed to regulate this so that unwanted things do not occur.
Komparasi Hukum Pada Fatwa Cryptocurrency di Malaysia dan Timur Tengah Makraja, Fahmi; Mirza Al Fajri
Al - Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah Vol 9 No 1 (2024): Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Syari'ah
Publisher : IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/muamalat.v9i1.8807

Abstract

Abstract Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that is used as a means of exchange for online transactions. The use of Cryptocurrency has become a hot issue in the world, considering the significant current of change in digital technology, so an in-depth study regarding Cryptocurrency law is very necessary. This research discusses legal comparisons on Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East. The aim of this research is to analyze and compare the legal status of Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East. The method used in this research is a comparative juridical approach. The research results show that there are differences between Cryptocurrency fatwas in Malaysia and the Middle East, these differences are based on different legal reasons. In Malaysia, a study of sharia law explains that Cryptocurrency does not meet the criteria as a currency. In Egypt, the use of Cryptocurrency has the potential to damage the economic order considering that the transaction exchange medium used is not in accordance with Sharia law. In Pakistan, Cryptocurrency is against the terms of money set by FATT. In Saudi Arabia, Cryptocurrency opens up opportunities for illegal transactions and is contrary to Islamic economic rules. And Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's group gave a signal that it would allow the use of Cryptocurrency, but other groups opposed the use of Cryptocurrency as a medium of exchange or commodity. Keywords: Cryptocurrency, Malaysian Fatwa, Middle East
ANALISIS PENERAPAN AKAD WADIAH DALAM PRODUK TABUNGAN PADA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA Fahmi Makraja; Khadijatul Musanna
Indonesian Journal of Islamic and Social Science Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Islamic and Social Science
Publisher : LPPM IAI Almuslim Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71025/qzs4wq48

Abstract

Savings products at BSI use a wadiah yad dhamanah agreement, namely the use of customer savings funds by the bank without sharing profits with the customer, but the customer is given a bonus from time to time by the bank according to the management's interruptions. Wadiah yad amanah almost does not exist in Indonesian sharia banks. In muamalah, both in trading and in Islamic banking, Islamic banking has also regulated that it must not harm other parties, must be transparent and there must be no element of usury. This research uses qualitative research. It is hoped that this research will be able to provide a detailed description of the theory regarding the comprehensive systematic application of wadiah contracts regarding matters relating to bank business activities with sharia principles, especially in raising funds, namely wadiah. The results of this research show that the implementation of the wadiah contract using wadiah yad dhamanah in Indonesian sharia banks seems forced in order to attract as many customers as possible, where the majority of the Indonesian population is Muslim, as well as in order to gain the trust of its customers.
Perdebatan Zakat Dalam Ekonomi Islam: Menilai Zakat Profesi Dari Perspektif Ulama Kontemporer Musanna, Khadijatul; Makraja, Fahmi; Yanti, Fitri
MAQASID Vol 13 No 2 (2024): Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Abstract: Professional zakat or income zakat is zakat that must be paid because it has reached the nisab of assets and is perfect haul based on income obtained from a particular business or work, whether carried out personally or by institutions, organizations and groups. This study aims to determine the literature of muamalah scholars related to professional zakat. This study uses qualitative research methods by examining data based on literature from books and books about professional zakat. The results of the research in this study can be conveyed by the author that in the Fiqh Muamalah literature each ulema has his own perception regarding the implementation of professional zakat. It can be clearly seen that there is an error in the provisions of assets subject to professional zakat, such as the opinion of Yusuf Al-Qardhawi requiring professional zakat every monthly salary as a farmer who pays zakat every harvest, provided that it has reached the nisab. Meanwhile, according to the opinion of Shaykh Bin Baz and Shaykh Muhammad bin Saleh Al Utsaimin, it is not obligatory for a professional zakat to be paid for someone who, after receiving his salary, is used to fulfill his daily needs so that there is no salary left in the following month, but zakat may be imposed if each time If the salaryman sets aside part of his income as savings, then it is obligatory for him to issue zakat with the provisions of perfect haul and property. In the opinion of the writer, professional zakat tends to be as conveyed by Yusuf Al-Qardhawi. According to the author of Shaykh Muhammad's opinion, if the consideration is to meet daily needs, humans will never have enough with all types of needs, so they always feel inadequate and in the end don’t pay zakat. Keywords: Fiqh Muamalah, Professional Zakat, Islamic Law.
ANALISIS AKAD IJARAH ALA AL-‘AMAL DALAM PRAKTIK JASA INAI DI KABUPATEN PIDIE Siti Sonya Nadzilla; Raihan Putri; Fahmi Makraja; Rian Rahmad
El-Iqthisadi Volume 6 Nomor 2 Desember 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Uin Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/el-iqthisady.vi.53053

Abstract

Abstrak Tradisi "malam boh gaca" dalam pernikahan di Aceh kini mengalami perubahan dengan hadirnya jasa pasang inai yang lebih praktis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis praktik penyewaan jasa inai di Kabupaten Pidie dari perspektif akad Ijarah 'ala al-'amaal , terutama mengenai potensi permasalahan dalam perjanjian antara penyedia jasa dan konsumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah normatif empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif, melibatkan wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik penyewaan jasa inai sering kali menghadapi pelanggaran kesepakatan, seperti perubahan motif dan keterlambatan pembayaran, yang menyebabkan kerugian bagi penyedia jasa. Berdasarkan analisis Fiqh Muamalah, penting bagi kedua belah pihak untuk memahami hak dan kewajiban masing-masing guna menghindari perselisihan dan memastikan kesesuaian dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah dalam akad ijarah ini. Kata Kunci: Ijarah ‘ala al-’amaal, Sewa jasa inai, Fiqh Muamalah Abstract The tradition of ‘malam boh gaca’ in weddings in Aceh is now experiencing changes with the presence of more practical inai installation services. This study aims to analyse the practice of renting inai services in Pidie Regency from the perspective of the Ijarah ‘ala al-’amaal contract, especially regarding potential problems in the agreement between service providers and consumers. The research method used is normative empirical with a qualitative approach, involving interviews, observation, and literature study. The results show that the practice of renting inai services often faces violations of the agreement, such as changes in motives and late payments, which cause losses to the service provider. Based on the analysis of Fiqh Muamalah, it is important for both parties to understand their respective rights and obligations to avoid disputes and ensure compliance with sharia principles in this ijarah contract. Keywords: Ijarah ‘ala al-’amaal, Henna service rental, Fiqh Muamalah
Analisis Penetapan Hukum Islam Terhadap Perkembangan Cryptocurrency Melalui Pendekatan Saddu Dzari’ah Imeldalius, Imeldalius; SUGANDA, RANGGA; Makraja, Fahmi; Ulum, Kefi Miftachul Miftachul; Nimah, Rodhotun
Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam Vol 10, No 3 (2024): JIEI : Vol.10, No.3, 2024
Publisher : ITB AAS INDONESIA Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jiei.v10i3.14405

Abstract

Era digital telah memberikan disrupsi pada tatanan kehidupan tidak terkecuali pada sektor pembayaran, salah satunya ialah keberadaan dari cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency merupakan aset digital yang sengaja dirancang untuk bekerja sebagai media pertukaran yang menggunakan kriptografi (praktik melindungi informasi melalui penggunaan algoritme, kode, hash, dan tanda tangan) yang kuat untuk mengamankan transaksi keuangan, mengontrol penciptaan unit tambahan, dan memverifikasi transfer aset. Meningkatnya pengguna cryptocurrency di Indonesia pada setiap tahunya, membuat fenomena mata uang kripto mendapatkan perhatian yang luas sehingga pemerintah pun telah mengeluarkan regulasi dan begitu pula para kalangan ulama yang telah memberikan fatwanya. Fakta perkembangan cryptocurrency diyakini masih menimbulkan risiko-risiko yang merugikan masyarakat sehingga untuk melihat hal demikian perlu analisis penetapan hukum untuk keberadaan dari cryptocurrency salah satunya ialah dengan metode penetapan hukum sad dzari’ah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan mengkaji kedudukan cryptocurrency dalam Islam dengan menggunakan pendekatan sad dzari’ah. Hasil penelitian untuk penetapan hukum cryptocurrency dengan menggunakan pendekatan saddu dzari’ah, dianalisis berdasarkan motif, syarat legalitas, dan keragaman dari saddu dzari’ah. Hasilnya menunjukan penetapan hukum cryptocurrency saat ini masih memberikan kesimpulan kepada sesuatu yang banyak mendatangkan kemudharatan ketimbang kemashlahatan bagi umat manusia, atas dasar masih banyak menimbulkan kerugian finansial, tidak mempunyai underlying aset, adanya unsur gharar, maysir, oleh karna itu hadirnya cryptocurrency masih menimbulkan risiko yang lebih besar dari pada manfaatnya.
Interpretasi Riqāb, Gārimīn, Fī Sabīlillāh dan Ibn Sabīl Menjadi Kepentingan Umum Sebagai Mustahik Zakat (Studi Pemikiran Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī) Makraja, Fahmi; Azmi, Ulil
DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Vol 22 No 2 (2024): DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Parepare

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35905/diktum.v22i2.10455

Abstract

The majority of scholars agree that the recipients of zakat are those who have been mentioned in the Qur'an and not to others such as infrastructure, irrigation, bridges and other public facilities because theoretically this is not included in the mustahik zakat. A contemporary scholar named Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī looked at every problem carefully, prioritized the element of benefit, and adjusted to the development of the times and circumstances, including classifying the public interest as mustahik zakat. The purpose of this research is to find out Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī's thoughts on the public interest as mustahik zakat, which is analogous to riqāb, muallaf, gārimīn, fī sabīlillāh, and ibn sabīl, and to find out what the basis of this interpretation is. This study uses a qualitative research method by examining various sources related to the object being studied based on library research. The data collection method is carried out by looking for literature sources that are relevant to the study and then reviewing and analyzing them. The results of the study show that Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī interpreted that the public interest included in the part of the zakat recipients is the result of analogies in riqāb, muallaf, gārimīn, fī sabīlillāh, and ibn sabīl. Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī's interpretation of mustahik zakat by classifying it into two categories, namely the first four and the last four. Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī is of the view that the last four mustahik zakat include general benefits that are in accordance with the development of the times.
Praktik Gala Umong dan Dampaknya Terhadap Perekonomian Masyarakat Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Makraja, Fahmi; Putri, Raihan
Al Ahkam Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Juli-Desember 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37035/ajh.v20i2.10930

Abstract

The practice of gala umong carried out in the community is an alternative option in solving the economic problems they face. The fundamental reason for implementing gala umong among the community is because the process of carrying out the contract is very short and does not require a long time. Gala umong, which means pawning rice fields, is a practice often heard in Acehnese society. Gala umong is almost practiced throughout the entire Aceh region, including Gampong Pusu Ingin Jaya, Manggeng District, Southwest Aceh Regency. The practice of gala umong is carried out as an alternative in order to solve the economic problems they face. Gala gatherings are held between neighbors or close relatives. This research explores the practice of gala umong in the community using a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this research show that the gala umong held in Pusu Ingin Jaya Village had a significant impact on improving the community's economic sector. The positive impact is that rice field owners can earn money in the near future to finance their daily needs, start a business, and pay for educational costs. The negative impact felt by rahin and murtahin is increasing social inequality and reducing farmers' livelihoods due to their rice fields being used as collate The negative impact felt by rahin and murtahin is the increasing social inequality and the reduction of farmers' livelihoods due to their rice fields being used as collateral. When viewed from a sharia economic perspective, the implementation of the gala umong that occurred in Pusu Ingin Jaya Village was not in accordance with the binding elements in it. There are some pledge requirements that have not been fulfilled, namely there is no written evidence and no witnesses.
Co-Authors Abdul Mujib Afifah, Nisa Aidil Azhar Al Fajri, Mirza Deva Nabilah fatur Rahman, fatur Fitri Yanti Fitriyani, Elya Imeldalius, Imeldalius Kefi Miftachul Ulum Khadijatul Musanna Maulida Khairunnisa Mirza Al Fajri Musanna, Khadijatul Nimah, Rodhotun Nur Hidayat Raihan Putri Ramlah Ramlah Rangga Suganda Rian Rahmad Ridha Aulia Riyan Auliyanda Safrizal Rodhotun Nimah Siti Sonya Nadzilla Suganda, Rangga Ulil Azmi Ulum, Kefi Miftachul Miftachul Wijaya, Asep