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Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Beban Pembuktian Terbalik dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi Parisuda, I Dewa Rai; Ucuk Suyono, Yoyok; Soekorini, Noenik
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.2111

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas penerapan sistem pembalikan beban pembuktian dalam kasus korupsi di Indonesia, khususnya sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi (UU PTPK). Sistem ini menempatkan beban pembuktian pada terdakwa untuk membuktikan ketidakbersalahannya, yang dalam praktiknya sering bertentangan dengan prinsip praduga tak bersalah dan hak asasi manusia terdakwa. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan menganalisis ketentuan Pasal 12 B ayat (1), Pasal 37, Pasal 37 A, dan Pasal 38 UU PTPK serta putusan pengadilan terkait. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembalikan beban pembuktian perlu dilakukan dengan hati-hati dan selektif agar tidak menghilangkan hak-hak pokok terdakwa. Model teoretis pembalikan beban pembuktian “Balanced Probability of Principles” dari Oliver Stolpe dapat menjadi alternatif dalam membuktikan harta kekayaan terdakwa. Namun, pembalikan beban pembuktian yang langsung terkait dengan kesalahan terdakwa (schuld) masih sulit diterapkan tanpa mengorbankan prinsip praduga tak bersalah. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar dilakukan perubahan kebijakan legislatif atau dirumuskan formula baru untuk ketentuan pembalikan beban pembuktian agar selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip umum hukum acara pidana dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia terdakwa.
Pengaruh Analisis Hukum Terhadap Operasional Apotek Tanpa Surat Izin Apotek (SIA) di Indonesia Femuz, Frederick; Cornelis , Vieta Imelda; Soekorini, Noenik; Sidarta, Dudik Djaja
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.2116

Abstract

Fenomena operasional apotek tanpa Surat Izin Apotek (SIA) di Indonesia menjadi masalah serius yang mengancam keamanan kesehatan masyarakat dan menantang efektivitas penegakan hukum di sektor kefarmasian. Meskipun peraturan perundang-undangan seperti UU No. 36 Tahun 2009, PP No. 51 Tahun 2009, dan Permenkes No. 9 Tahun 2017 telah mengatur secara tegas kewajiban perizinan, praktik di lapangan menunjukkan kesenjangan signifikan antara norma dan realitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis pengaturan hukum operasional apotek tanpa SIA, dan (2) mengidentifikasi langkah pencegahan serta penanggulangan keberadaan apotek ilegal. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris dengan desain kualitatif deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi di Jakarta Selatan, Jakarta Timur, dan Bekasi, sementara data sekunder berasal dari peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, dan putusan pengadilan. Teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk memilih 125 apotek sebagai sampel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 36% apotek beroperasi tanpa SIA, sebagian menjual obat keras tanpa resep. Faktor penyebab meliputi hambatan birokrasi, tingginya biaya perizinan, lemahnya pengawasan yang bersifat reaktif, keterbatasan personel pengawas, dan rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat. Implementasi hukum belum efektif karena sanksi yang dijatuhkan tidak menimbulkan efek jera, serta koordinasi antar lembaga pengawas masih lemah. Kesimpulan penelitian menegaskan perlunya reformasi tata kelola perizinan melalui digitalisasi OSS yang lebih adaptif, penguatan kapasitas pengawas, pengawasan berbasis risiko, serta peningkatan edukasi hukum dan kesehatan publik. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada penguatan strategi penegakan hukum di sektor kesehatan dan mendorong kolaborasi multisektor dalam mengatasi peredaran obat ilegal. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengkaji efektivitas penerapan teknologi pengawasan dan peran masyarakat dalam pelaporan pelanggaran.
Juridical Review of the Crime of Transferring the Object of Fiduciary Guarantee Without the Consent of the Fiduciary Recipient Paulus, George Johanes; Soekorini, Noenik; Borman, M. Syahrul
Rechtsvinding Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Civiliza Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59525/rechtsvinding.1337

Abstract

This study examines the criminal act of transferring fiduciary collateral objects without the prior written consent of the fiduciary recipient as regulated under Indonesian law. The rapid development of consumer financing practices has increased the use of fiduciary guarantees, particularly in credit agreements involving movable assets. However, in practice, debtors often transfer, pledge, or lease fiduciary objects to third parties without authorization, which constitutes a criminal offense under Law Number 42 of 1999 on Fiduciary Security. This research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory approach, analyzing primary legal materials in the form of legislation and court decisions, as well as secondary legal materials from legal literature and scholarly works. The study focuses on the regulation of such criminal acts and the form of criminal liability imposed on fiduciary grantors who violate fiduciary provisions. The findings indicate that the transfer of fiduciary collateral without the consent of the fiduciary recipient fulfills the elements of a criminal offense as stipulated in Article 36 of the Fiduciary Security Law. Criminal liability may be imposed if the perpetrator is proven to have acted unlawfully, intentionally or negligently, and without any justification or excuse that eliminates criminal responsibility. This research concludes that the existing legal framework provides legal certainty and protection for creditors, although stricter supervision and legal awareness are necessary to prevent recurring violations in fiduciary practices.
Handling Victims of Sexual Violence Against Children in the Criminal Justice System in Indonesia Sualang, Marlene; Soekorini, Noenik; Borman, Syahrul
Rechtsvinding Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Civiliza Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59525/rechtsvinding.1338

Abstract

Sexual violence against children remains a serious and escalating problem in Indonesia, causing long-term physical, psychological, and social harm to victims. Children, as vulnerable individuals, often face difficulties in accessing justice due to fear, trauma, power imbalances, and inadequate institutional support. This study aims to analyze the handling of child victims of sexual violence within the Indonesian criminal justice system and to examine the forms of legal protection provided to them. This research employs a normative legal research method using a statutory and conceptual approach by examining relevant laws and regulations, including the Child Protection Law and Law Number 12 of 2022 on Sexual Violence Crimes. The results show that although the legal framework for protecting child victims has been strengthened, particularly through the enactment of the Sexual Violence Crimes Law, its implementation within the criminal justice system still faces significant challenges. These include limited victim-centered approaches, risks of re-victimization during legal proceedings, and insufficient coordination among law enforcement institutions. The study concludes that an effective handling of child victims of sexual violence requires an integrated, victim-oriented criminal justice system that prioritizes protection, recovery, and the best interests of the child.