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Wangiyana, I Gde Adi Suryawan
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THE RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF AGARWOOD PRODUCT INVENTION IN INDONESIA I Gusti Agung Ayu Hari Triandini; I Gde Adi Suryawan Wangiyana
Jurnal Silva Samalas Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jss.v8i1.16539

Abstract

The invention of agarwood is crucial for the downstream application of agarwood research results in Indonesia. This study aims to review the invention of agarwood in Indonesia over the past 8 years. According to the Indonesian Intellectual Property Database, the average number of agarwood inventions in Indonesia from 2018 to 2025 is approximately five inventions per year. This number is much lower than the average number of agarwood publications during the same period, which can reach 81 publications per year. Agarwood leaf utilisation accounts for the dominant proportion of the invention, which is equally derived from the Aquilaria and Gyrinops genera. Most of the invention is intended to produce health products that confirm the health-beneficial effects of agarwood, based on research. The invention of agarwood in Indonesia was dominated by simple patents, which are easier to register compared to other types of patents. The proportion of rejected inventions to granted inventions is 1:6, indicating a medium difficulty level of invention registration in Indonesia. The invention right holder is dominated by higher education institutions (70%), followed by research institutions with a proportion of less than 20%. Invention registration location data reveal the uneven distribution of agarwood inventions, which is dominated by three islands: Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan. It can be concluded that the invention of agarwood in Indonesia is very limited compared to the number of publications, with a minimal contribution from the Industrial sector.
STUDI NUMERIK FENETIK DIVERSITAS MINYAK GAHARU DARI GENUS AQUILARIA BERDASARKAN PROFIL GC-MS I Gusti Agung Ayu Hari Triandini; Hairani; I Gde Adi Suryawan Wangiyana
Jurnal Silva Samalas Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan studi diversitas melalui analisis numerik fenetik terhadap kromatogram GC-MS minyak gaharu dari genus Aquilaria. Data kromatogram hasil GC-MS 4 spesies Aquilaria yaitu: A. malaccensis, A. crassna, A. sinensis dan A. subintegra diperoleh dari database online dan ditabulasi dalam tabel n x t. Sebanyak 5 indeks similaritas (Simple Matching Coefficient, Jaccard’s Coefficient, Nei & Li Coefficient, Sorensen’s Coefficient, dan Baroni-Urbani Buser Coefficient) dan 3 algoritma klasterisasi (Nearest Neighbor, UPGMA dan Farthest Neighbor) digunakan dalam analisis klaster. Analisis kofenetik kovarian dilakukan untuk menentukan indeks similaritas dan algoritma optimum berdasarkan nilai r sebagai dasar dalam konstruksi dendrogram. Analisis principal coordinate (PCoA) dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma Euclidean dan pendekatan Kaiser’s rule sebagai tambahan analisis yang lebih komprehensif. Sebanyak 68 komponen senyawa berhasil ditabulasi dalam tabel n x t yang dikonversi menjadi angka biner untuk analisis klaster. Hasil analisis kofenetik kovarian menunjukkan nilai r terbesar dan sangat signifikan (α=0,05) dihasilkan dari indeks similaritas simple matching dan algoritma klasterisasi UPGMA sehingga kedua parameter ini digunakan dalam konstruksi dendrogram. Topologi dendrogram menunjukkan similaritas yang rendah antar spesies Aquilaria dengan similaritas tertinggi dimiliki oleh klaster A. subintegra dan A. malaccensis. Grafik 3 dimensi dari PCoA juga menunjukkan hasil releven dengan dendrogram dengan plotting keempat spesies Aquilaria tersebar pada 3 kuadran yang berjauhan sehingga menunjukkan jarak similaritas yang juga berjauhan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan analisis numerik fenetik, minyak gaharu dari A. crassna, A. malaccensis, A. subintegra dan A. sinensis memiliki karakteristik fitokimia berupa kromatogram GC-MS yang unik dengan diversitas yang tinggi.
Co-Authors . Akram Aini, Husnul Akhmad Sukri Akram Akram, . Anita Nugraheni, Yosephin Martha Maria Anri Anri Arbi Sanjaya Baharudin Baharudin Cep Ahmad Muhtar Dewi, Ni Putu Ety Efendi Iskandar Elly Purwanti Farouq Isbulloh Fathurrahman Fathurrahman Fatihatum, Fatihatum Gunawan, Frendi Hafiz, Yusron Hairani Hairani Hairani Hendriko, Albert Hidayah, Zoya Saharani Hidayat Wicaksono Hidayati, Diana I Gde Dharma Atmaja I Gusti Agung Ayu Hari Triandini Irama, Ade Isbulloh, Farouq Isviyanti, Isviyanti Kandisa, Amelia Kemas Usman Kesumajayadi, Lalu Kurnia, Nova Lutfi Anggadhania Lutfi Anggadhania Malik, Nina Malik, Sukardi Masrilurrahman, LL. Suhirsan Mirawati, Baiq Nahlunnisa, Hafizah Ni Made Gita Gumangsari Ni Made Gita Gumangsari Nova Kurnia Putri, Dina Soes Putu Surya Wedra Lesmana Raden Roro Narwastu Dwi Rita Radjali Amin Rahma Ziska Rosa Martadiana Sad Kurniati Wanitaningsih Sad Kurniati Wanitaningsih Sad Kurniati Wanitaningsih Sadir, Muhammad Salman Al Farisi, Salman Al Sami'un Sarowan Wahid Sembiring, Rinawati Sukardi Malik Sumarlin, Muhamad Wahyu Prihanta Wahyu Yuniati Nizar Wanitaningsih, Sad Kurniati Wayan Wangiyana Wiranto Wiranto Wulandari, Febriana Wulandari, Febriana Tri Yani Mulyani Yayan Suherna Putri Yulia Ratnaningsih Yulia Ratnaningsih Yulia Ratnaningsih Zarkasi Nur