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Liprotide-encapsulated vitamin D3 modulates circulated PTH levels and improved bone microstructure Claradhita Ayu Shauma; Faizah Fulyani; Adriyan Pramono; Endang Mahati; Sylvia Rahmi Putri; Reza Achmad Maulana; Gemala Anjani
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 1 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.1.44-52

Background: vitamin D (25(OH)D) is a fat-soluble vitamin that is unstable in the gastrointestinal environment and has low bioavailability. A protein-lipid complex (liprotide) can be used as a shell to increase vitamin D stability and bioavailability. Liprotide can also serve as a delivery system for transporting vitamin D to its intended site. Little attention has been paid to utilizing liprotide as a delivery system for vitamin D and evaluating its functional activity.Objective: to investigate the effect of liprotide-encapsulated vitamin D3 on PTH levels and bone microstructure in vitamin D and calcium (VD-Ca) deficient rats.Materials and Methods: an overall of 24 Wistar rats had been divided into four groups, a normal control group (K), a VD-Ca group without treatment (K-), a VD-Ca group with 180 IU/200 gBW/day free vitamin D3 (FVD3), and a VD-Ca group with 180 IU/200 gBW/day liprotide-encapsulated vitamin D3 (LVD3). Before and after 28 days of vitamin D intervention, blood samples were taken and analysed for serum PTH levels. The microstructure of the bone was analyzed using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).Results: the VD-Ca rats supplemented with vitamin D3 (FVD3 and LVD3) had a significant decrease in serum PTH levels (p<0.001) and improved bone microstructure (p<0.05) compared to the (K-) group. The reduction of PTH in the LVD3 group was higher compared to the FVD3 group. The bone microstructure between the FVD3 and LVD3 groups is significantly different, as seen in the Ct.Wi parameter, with the LVD3 group having a higher Ct.Wi than the FVD3 group.Conclusion: liprotide-encapsulated vitamin D3 improves the serum PTH level and bone microstructure in a rat model of vitamin D and calcium deficiency.

Difference of thrombocyte profile between obesity and central obesity in women Melki Hadisasmitajaya; Meita Hendrianingtyas; Edward Kurnia Setiawan Limijadi
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 1 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.1.21-30

Background: Obesity considered as a low-grade inflammation. Increased body fat has known to trigger inflammation. Platelet profile is a number of platelet-related parameters that can predict inflammation consisting of: platelet count (PLT), Platelet Larger Cell Ratio (P-LCR), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV). Differences in platelet profiles (PLT, P-LCR, MPV) in women with and without central obesity have only been investigated in a few studies.Objective: To prove differences in platelet profiles in women with and without central obesity.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 88 women with and without central obesity in RSND during July-September 2021. Data included age, abdominal circumference, hip circumference, PLT, P-LCR, and MPV. PLT, P-LCR, and MPV were measured using Sysmex XS-500i instrument. Statistical analysis was using Mann-Whitney test.Results: Mean of women PLT with and without central obesity were 338.72±71.09x103/uL and 309.09±44.36x103/uL. Difference platelet levels in women with and without central obesity was p=0.022. Median MPV of women with and without central obesity were 10.5 (8.5-11.8)fL and 9.7 (8.5-11.6)fL. Difference MPV values in women with and without central obesity was p=0.000. Median P-LCR of women with and without central obesity were 28.2 (12.3-44.3)% and 21.5 (15.2-37.1)%, respectively. Difference P-LCR value in women with and without central obesity was p=0.002.Conclusion: Platelet profiles (PLT, MPV, P-LCR) can be used as a marker of chronic low-grade inflammation in women with central obesity.Keywords : central obesity; MPV; PLT; P-LCR

Additional vitamin D supplementation does not affect muscle strength in the older women: A double-blind randomized controlled trial Nurahmatika, Prisma; Noer, Etika Ratna; Ngestiningsih, Dwi; Susanto, Hardhono; Pramono, Adriyan; Supatmo, Yuswo
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.2.101-107

Background: The elderly, aged 60 and above, are expected to increase in number in the coming years. Aging brings about various changes, impacting both physical and mental health. Proper protein intake and exercise can boost muscle protein synthesis, while maintaining optimal vitamin D levels is crucial. Research is necessary to explore vitamin D's impact on elderly muscle mass.Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of adding vitamin d supplementation to protein and exercise on handgrip strength in healthy elderly.Materials and Methods: 24 participants were randomized in a double-blinded, pilot study ages 60- 80 years Subjects were divided into two groups. Group 1 was given interventions of vitamin D supplementation 1000 UI/day combining soy + oats milk as a protein and exercise. The second group was given intervention of soy+ oats milk protein, and exercise. The intervention program was administered for 8 weeks. Data comparison whitin and between groups were analyzed by Independent T-test, Mann-Whitney, and Paired T-testResults: Data from all participants was analyzed, before and after interventions of handgrip was increased in both of groups from a mean of 17.18kg to 18.06kg for the right hand and 15.17kg to 18.26kg for the left hand in Group 1, 13.80kg to 16.86kg for the right hand and 15.45kg to 17.32kg for the left hand in Group 2. Results of the difference test analysis between the two groups (ANOVA t = 0.548, P= 0172) showed no difference between group 1 and group 2.Conclusion: In this study, there was no effect of adding vitamin D supplementation on handgrip at healthy elderly participants.

The effect of rosella tea on weight loss among overweight women in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: An interventional pilot study Mayasari, Noor Rohmah; Aline, Sabrina; Hadi, Novian Swasono
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.2.53-59

Background: Rosella tea is an anthocyanin-rich herbal remedy known to have an anti-obesity effect. Overweight women are expected to lose weight by consuming herbal tea without improving their lifestyles.Objectives: This pilot study evaluated the effects of rosella tea on reducing body weight among overweight women without improving their lifestyle.Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental design pre-post intervention was used in this study. Twenty-three overweight women aged 30-60 years were involved. The control and treatment groups consisted of twelve and eleven respondents, respectively. The treatment group consumed ± 250 ml rosella tea twice a day for 14 days. During the study, both groups were instructed to not change their lifestyles. Paired t-test and independent t-test were performed to test the effect of rosella tea consumption within and between groups, respectively.Results: After 14 days of consumption of rosella tea, the body weight was decreased by - 0.15 ± 0.24 kg (from 63.5 ± 10.35 kg to 63.35 ± 10.33 kg) for the treatment group and - 0.21 ± 0.25 (from 64.65 ± 9.54 kg to 65.65 ± 9.99 kg) for the control group but the difference did not reach significant levels (p>0.05). In both groups, dietary intake (e.g., calorie, carbohydrate, protein, and fat) and sedentary behaviour in the initial study were not different compared to at the end of the study, except for the lesser extent of dietary fibre in the control group.Conclusion: Administration of rosella tea for 14 days did not induce weight loss in overweight women without any lifestyle improvement (increase dietary fibre).

Determinants of stunting in children under five: a scoping review Widya Yanti Sihotang; Victor Trismanjaya Hulu; Frans Judea Samosir; Putri Yunita Pane; Hartono Hartono; Putranto Manalu; Masryna Siagian; Hajijah I. L. Panjaitan
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 1 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.1.9-20

Background: Inadequate diet, socioeconomic condition, and maternal and child characteristics can damage stunted children under five's mental and physical development. As a result, they have difficulty developing physically and cognitively, have low intellectual abilities, are more susceptible to disease, and have less creativity and innovation. Objective: This study seeks to investigate and summarize the determinants of stunted children under five.Materials and Methods: The study used a scoping review method. The literature search was carried out on indexed databases of Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Crossref, and Pro-Quest in English and Indonesian. There were 720 research articles, and 18 of them met the inclusion criteria. From the 18 journals, information was collected from the publication year 2015-2021. Relevant study articles related to the topic were analyzed qualitatively using NVIVO-12 Plus.Results: Our findings identify that maternal education, low birth weight (LBW), gender, exclusive breastfeeding, parental income, parental age, and child age are the dominant determinants of stunting among under-five children.Conclusion: Higher risk factors of stunting among children are parents' lack of knowledge, low family income, low nutrition, low level of mother's education, and lack of parents' supervision and parenting skills.

Anthropometric markers for fat obesity in Indonesian children aged 7 to 12 years in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia Hastuti, Janatin; Rahmawati, Neni Trilusiana
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.2.108-114

Background: Obesity must be determined precisely and accurately in order for intervention efforts to be more effective. Anthropometric measurement is accurate, simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive to perform, making it useful as a screening tool for body fat.Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of anthropometric indicators in assessing fat obesity in Indonesian children aged 7 to 12 years in Yogyakarta Province.Materials and Methods: Participants included 514 Javanese children (260 boys, 254 girls) aged 7-12 years who lived in Bantul and Kulon Progo Regencies and were healthy and willing to participate. Disabled children were excluded. Data were taken in 1998 including body weight, height, wrists, abdomen, waist and hip circumference, and skinfold thickness at biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac. Body mass index (BMI), body frame, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were further calculated. Body fat was estimated from skinfold thickness. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) tests were performed.Results: The ANOVA test results showed that age was the main factor of significant variation (p<0.001) for all variables, while gender was significant for wrist circumference (p<0.05), body frame (p<0.05), and WHR (p<0.001). Gender and age are simultaneously significant only for height (p<0.001). ROC analysis showed that abdominal circumference in boys and waist circumference in girls had the widest area under the curve (AUC), while height had the smallest AUC in both genders. BMI had the highest AUC in boys (AUC= 0.984; p<0.001) and girls (AUC= 0.972; p<0.001).Conclusion: Abdominal circumference in boys and waist circumference in girls performed better than other anthropometric indicators for assessing body fat obesity. While, BMI outperforms all other anthropometric indices in both genders.

A systematic review of iron supplementation’s effects on adolescent girls Silitonga, Hanna Tabita Hasianna; Salim, Lutfi Agus; Nurmala, Ira
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.2.60-69

Background: Anaemia is a nutritional problem that mostly affects adolescent girls around the world and has become a public health problem in many countries. Iron supplementation is one of public health intervention used to prevent adolescents from iron deficiency anaemia. Various countries have widely applied this program to reduce and prevent anaemia in adolescent and pregnant women.Objectives: Therefore, this literature review will discuss the effects of iron supplementation program on adolescent girls.Materials and Methods: This study was a systematic literature review of eight articles. These articles were found from scientific journal articles from five databases (Proquest, Science direct, EbscoHost, Pubmed, SAGE).Results: Our study showed iron supplementation in adolescent girls increased haemoglobin status, serum ferritin and decreased anaemia prevalence.Conclusion: Initiatives for iron supplementation programs among adolescent girls are necessary to reduce iron deficiency anaemia.

Psychosocial stress, food preferences, and screen time with nutritional status of women of reproductive age in Sukamulya Village, Tangerang Regency Siti Badriyah; Vitria Melani; Laras Sitoayu; Lintang Purwara Dewanti; Putri Ronitawati
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 1 (2023): December
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.1.36-43

Background: The increase in age and the pandemic conditions experienced cause Women of Reproductive Age (WRA) to encounter many environmental issues that disturb their psyche, resulting in psychosocial stress. A strategy for dealing with stress is called coping with stress. A higher screen time and high sugar, salt, or fat to deal with stress might change nutritional status.Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between psychosocial stress, food preferences, and screen time with the nutritional status of WRA in Sukamulya Village, Tangerang Regency.Materials and Methods: This research design is cross-sectional and was conducted in March 2022 in Sukamulya Village, Tangerang Regency. The research sample amounted to 55 participants with a purposive sampling technique. The questionnaires used were Psychosocial Stress Assessment Instrument, Food Frequency Questionnaires, and recall screen time. Data analysis using the Chi-Square test.Results: The majority of participants experienced psychosocial stress (61.8%), food preferences low in sugar, salt, and fat (63.6%), and most of them were in the high screen time category (52.7%). The results showed that there was no relationship between psychosocial stress and food preferences with nutritional status (p > 0.05), but there was a relationship between screen time and nutritional status (p = 0.011).Conclusion: In this study, food preferences and psychosocial stress were not factors that affected the nutritional status.

The effect of flexitarian diets on high-densit- lipoprotein (HDL) serum in obese female students Rubyanti, Septiana Dwi; Margawati, Ani; Afifah, Diana Nur; Dieny, Fillah Fithra
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.2.115-125

Background: Obesity in female students affects metabolic profiles and reproduction. Consuming a plant-based diet can inhibit the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, thereby reducing the risk of obesity. The lipid profile plays a crucial role in metabolism and includes high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which has a protective effect against cardiovascular disorders, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.Objective: To analyze the effect of flexitarian diets on changes in serum HDL levels in obese female students.Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pre-post-test control group was employed. Twenty-two female students aged 19-25 years were selected using consecutive sampling. The subjects were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received a flexitarian diet for 4 weeks consisting of three meals and two snacks totaling 1500 calories per day. Both groups were provided with educational leaflets about obesity and balanced nutrition. Food intake was assessed using a 3x24-hour food recall, while physical activity was measured using the IPAQ-SF questionnaire. Serum HDL levels were analyzed enzymatically before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 25, including the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and the Mann-Whitney test.Results: There was a significant decrease in serum HDL levels in the intervention group (2.00 ± 2.83 mg/dL), while serum HDL levels in the control group increased (3.27 ± 8.25 mg/dL), although this increase was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean change in HDL levels (p > 0.05).Conclusion: A flexitarian diet for 4 weeks can lead to a significant reduction in serum HDL levels.

The effect of soy milk on haemoglobin levels in pregnant women with anaemia Sugiarsih, Ugi; Solihah, Eneng; Budiarti, Yati
Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) Vol 12, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jgi.12.2.70-79

Background: Anaemia is one of the health problems that occur in pregnant women, often associated with a lack of iron intake. One approach to overcoming iron deficiency anaemia is through the use of functional foods, such as soy milk, because it contains high protein and iron, which can stimulate the production of red blood cells. This study aims to determine the effect of soy milk on haemoglobin levels in pregnant women with anaemia. This research method uses a quasi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest control group design. The intervention group underwent an initial haemoglobin level check (Haemoglobin 1), followed by a 15-day intervention period by consuming soy milk (250 ml/day) and Fe tablets (2x1/day). On day 16, the haemoglobin level was re-evaluated (Haemoglobin 2). Meanwhile, the control group also underwent an initial haemoglobin level check (Haemoglobin 1) and then received iron tablets (2x1/day), with a follow-up haemoglobin level check on day 16 (Haemoglobin 2). The total sample size was 130 people (65 people in the intervention group and 65 people in the control group). Sampling was purposive sampling, and the data were analysed with a dependent t-test for the intervention group, a Wilcoxon test for the control group, and a Mann-Whitney test. The majority of respondents were between 20 and 35 years old (94.6%), had junior high school education (63.15%), did not work (75.4%), had a had a parity less than 2 (76.9%), and had a had a low knowledge level (70.8%). After the intervention, haemoglobin levels increased by 0.9. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the mean haemoglobin levels before and after soy milk consumption (p = 0.001). In addition, there was a significant difference in haemoglobin levels between the intervention group and the control group (p = 0.001). Soy milk consumption showed a positive effect on haemoglobin levels in anaemic pregnant women. Soy milk consumption (2x250 ml/day) can be an alternative to increasing haemoglobin levels in pregnant women.

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