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Trias Mahmudiono, SKM., MPH (Nutr), GCAS., PhD
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INDONESIA
Amerta Nutrition
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 25801163     EISSN : 25809776     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Education,
Amerta Nutrition (p-ISSN:2580-1163; e-ISSN: 2580-9776) is a peer reviewed open access scientific journal published by Universitas Airlangga. The scope for Amerta Nutrition include: public health nutrition, community nutrition, clinical nutrition, dietetics, food science and food service management. Each volume of Amerta Nutrition is counted in each calendar year that consist of 4 issues. Amerta Nutrition is published four times per year every March, June, September, and December.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 879 Documents
Analisis Prediksi Body Roundness Index untuk Prediabetes pada Orang Dewasa di Indonesia: Assessing the Predictive Accuracy of the Body Roundness Index for Prediabetes in Indonesian Adults Pramono, Adriyan; Nursari, Elia Nawang; Dieny, Fillah Fithra; Kurniawati, Dewi Marfu'ah; Rahadiyanti, Ayu
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.689-697

Abstract

Background: Anthropometric measurements for identifying body fat could be used to screen individuals with prediabetic risk. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of body roundness index (BRI), conicity index (C-index), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as predictors of prediabetes in the adult population of Indonesia. Methods: This study employs a cross-sectional design and uses secondary data from the Baseline Health Research (Ind: Riskesdas) 2018. As many as 12.327 samples were subjected to descriptive analysis, and the area under the curve (AUC) was utilised to assess the diagnostic potential of anthropometric measures in predicting prediabetes. Results: The five anthropometric parameters have a very weak ability as a prediabetic predictor. The WHtR and BRI (AUCmen=0.571; AUCwomen=0.573) were significantly better than the other anthropometric parameters. In contrast, the C-index values for women (AUCwomen=0.548) were considerably lower than other anthropometric parameters. However, there was no significant difference between the C-index for men (AUCmen=0.560) and the waist circumference (AUC=0.564) and BMI (AUC=0.559) values. Conclusions: The body roundness index has the same ability to predict prediabetes with WHtR, while the C-index in women is weaker than waist circumference and BMI.
Hubungan Tingkat Kepatuhan Konsumsi Formula 100 dengan Kenaikan Berat Badan Balita Gizi Buruk di Rumah Gizi Kota Semarang: The Relationship of Formula 100 Consumption Compliance Level to Weight Gain of Malnutrition Toddlers at the Rumah Gizi Semarang City Anggita, Reni Dwi; Fatimah, Siti; Asna, Alfi Fairuz
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.651-656

Abstract

Background: In 2023, 49 cases of toddler malnutrition were reported in Semarang City. Malnutrition management is an approach to enhance the nutritional status of infants and toddlers under five. The administration of Formula 100 is a strategy implemented by the Semarang City Health Office to promote weight gain among malnourished toddlers in order to catch up on their weight and achieve normal weight relative to their length or height. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between compliance with Formula 100 consumption and weight gain in malnourished toddlers at Rumah Gizi in Semarang City. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 26 toddlers or the total population of malnourished toddlers at Rumah Gizi. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, and the chi-squared test. Results: Univariate analysis demonstrated that 88.5% of toddlers consumed Formula 100 as prescribed for 35 days. Adequacy levels for energy (7.7%), protein (3.8%), fat (3.8%) and carbohydrate (26.9%) were categorized as good, and 57.7% of toddlers did not experience infectious diseases. No relationship was found between compliance with Formula 100 consumption (p-value=0.075) as well as adequacy levels for energy (p-value=0.869), protein (p-value=0.609), fat (p-value=0.691), and carbohydrate (p-value=0.787) and weight gain in malnourished toddlers at Rumah Gizi in Semarang City (p-value>0.05). However, a relationship was found between infectious diseases and weight gain (p-value=0.047). Conclusions: Compliance with Formula 100 consumption was not associated with weight gain in malnourished toddlers at Rumah Gizi in Semarang City.
Pengaruh Kefir Susu Kambing Terfortifikasi Vitamin D3 terhadap Kadar hs-CRP Tikus Rattus Norvegicus DM Tipe 2: Studi Eksperimental: The Effect of Vitamin D3-Fortified Goat Milk Kefir on hs-CRP Levels of Type 2 Diabetic Rattus Norvegicus Rats: An Experimental Study Zulfa, Fairuz; Utomo, Astika Widy; Ardiaria, Martha; Syauqy, Ahmad; Purwanti, Rachma; Ernalia, Yanti; Masha, Tania; Maharani, Mutiara Irma; Faradina, Amelia; Panunggal, Binar
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.667-678

Abstract

Background: Insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes are linked to the synthesis of the inflammatory biomarker hs-CRP. Goat milk kefir and vitamin D have anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Objectives: Aimed to evaluate the impact of goat milk kefir fortified with vitamin D3 on hs-CRP levels of diabetic rats. Methods: Twenty-one male Rattus norvegicus rats were randomly divided into four groups for a 35-day study: Control (C), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), unfortified goat milk kefir treatment (P1), and vitamin D3-enriched goat milk kefir treatment (P2). Diabetes was induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at 65 mg/kg BW and nicotinamide (NA) at 230 mg/kg BW. Goat milk kefir was administered orally at 2 mL/200 g BW/day, with the fortified version containing 600 IU of vitamin D3 per 100 mL. Fasting blood glucose levels and serum hs-CRP were measured pre- and post-intervention using the GOD-PAP and ELISA methods, respectively. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate methods in GraphPad Prism 8. Results: There was a statistically insignificant decrease in hs-CRP levels in the P2 group (p-value=0.21) and in the P1 group (p-value=0.63), suggesting limited impact on inflammation. However, there was a statistically significant drop in blood glucose levels in the P2 group (∆FBG -65.50±35.44 mg/dL, p-value=0.03) and in the P1 group (∆FBG -81.63±50.07 mg/dL, p-value=0.05). Conclusions: The reduction in hs-CRP levels indicates that vitamin D3-fortified kefir may help modulate low-grade inflammation and shows promise in managing diabetes. Future research should examine dose, duration, and sample size for better efficacy assessment.
Korelasi Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Pengetahuan Gizi terhadap Performa Kerja Guru Sekolah Dasar : Body Mass Index (BMI) and Nutritional Knowledge as well as the Correlation of Job Performance on Elementary School Teachers Lestantyo, Daru; Denny, Hanifa Maher; Suroto, Suroto; Jayanti, Siswi; Cahyaningrum, Dwi
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.557-566

Abstract

Background: Nutritional knowledge and BMI have a significant impact on the health level of an individual. Elementary school teachers are part of the professional workforce with a relatively high administrative and academic workload. Teachers are expected to have good nutritional knowledge about eating habits and healthy lifestyle choices. Research conducted in Bogor found that 57.0% of teachers were indicated to have obesity. The better the level of knowledge, it is expected to have an impact on BMI, enabling teachers to be more productive and always in optimum health condition at work. Objectives: This research aimed to analyze the Body Mass Index (BMI) and nutritional knowledge correlation with job performance Methods: Approximately 40 teachers of private elementary schools were used with a cross-sectional method. All Participants were teachers of private elementary school. We interviewed and measured participants for age, and nutritional awareness. Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) adapted for Indonesians was used. Statistical analysis was carried out using statistics application with Rank-Spearman method. Meanwhile, BMI data were collected through the measurement of the height and weight of participants. Results: This research showed the correlation between BMI and Job Performance. A correlation between nutritional knowledge and job performance was also reported. Good nutritional knowledge of school teachers should be delivered to students to change eating habits. This variable could also affect healthy life and achievement levels. Conclusions: BMI and nutritional knowledge were correlated with job performance. Furthermore, teachers were expected to provide healthy lifestyle education subjects to the students.
Kombinasi Susu Skim dan Minyak Kelapa yang Dimodifikasi (Modisco) dan Pijat Nafsu Makan dalam Mengoptimalkan Status Gizi Balita Stunting: Combination of Modified Dietetic Skimmed Milk and Coconut Oil (Modisco) and Appetite Massage in Optimizing the Nutritional Status of Stunting Toddlers Ersila, Wahyu; Fitriyani, Fitriyani; Chabibah, Nur
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.608-619

Abstract

Background: Improper feeding and appetite disorders are chronically the causes of stunting. Efforts to improve the nutrition of toddlers can be carried out through the provision of additional sources of nutrition. Modified Dietetic Skimmed Milk and Coconut Oil (Modisco) combined with appetite massage is one of the alternatives that need to be tested for effectiveness in optimizing the nutritional status of stunted toddlers. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the combination of modisco and appetite massage on the nutritional status of stunted toddlers. Methods: The design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and posttest control design approach. The large sample of 30 stunted children aged 1-5 years was divided into two groups using a simple random sampling technique. The intervention group was given modisco for 15 days and appetite massage 3x/week, and the control group was given only modisco for 15 days. Measurements of weight, height, and nutritional intake before and after the intervention. Data analysis used paired t-tests and independent t-tests. Results: There was a difference in body weight between the intervention and control groups (p-value=0.02; 95%CI=0.28-0.40). There was a difference in nutritional intake in the intervention group and control groups, namely in carbohydrate nutrients (p-value = 0.02; 95%CI=5.67-81.62), Vitamin B1 (p-value≤0.001; 95%CI=-3.97 – (-2, 02)), Vitamin B6 (p-value=0.008; 95%CI=0.17-1.01), Vitamin C (p-value≤0.001; 95%CI=16.01-34.72). There was no significant difference in height/body length of the intervention and control groups (p-value=0.38; 95%CI=-0.03 – (-0.07). Conclusions: The combination of Modisco and appetite massage was more effective in increasing weight and nutritional intake than Modisco alone. Midwives are expected to educate mothers of toddlers to provide Modisco and appetite massage.
Pengaruh dari Faktor Sosiodemografi, Pola Makan, dan Klinis terhadap Risiko Retinopati Diabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Tipe 2: Influence of Sociodemographic, Dietary and Clinical Factors on The Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Dhandapani, Shanthi; Yuvaraj, V.; Narendran, Siddarth; Sharma, Aakriti; Vincy, Catherine Lily; Afshan, Kamar; Premagowri, B.; M, Aruna
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.657-666

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequently occurring metabolic disorders, and is associated with Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), which damages the retina and can lead to vision loss. Objectives: The study investigated the relationship between sociodemographic, dietary, and clinical factors on the risk of DR in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). Methods: The study was conducted from November 2023 to April 2024 in Coimbatore, South India. Anthropometric measurements, Demographic, clinical, and dietary details were gathered by interviewing patients. Descriptive and binomial logistic regression were used to find out the relationship between the predictors and DR. Results: A total of 216 patients were diagnosed with T2DM for at least a year, including 41.66% of study participants with retinopathy and 58.33% without retinopathy; the majority (58%) were male, aged 40 to 59. Based on the Multivariable binomial logistic regression, indicated that Occupation (OR: 112.23, 95% CI=6.91,1820), Education (OR: 0.0753,95% CI=0.01,0.53), Monthly income (OR: 0.01,95% CI=0.01,8.27x10-04,0.25), Hypertension  (OR: 1.15,95% CI=0.02,1.89), dry fruits consumption (OR: 11.41, 95% CI=1.009,128.98), sugar and jaggery (OR: 1.10, 95%CI = 0.020,1.521), the monounsaturated oils (Peanut oil, Mustard oil, Sesame oil) (OR: 0.028, 95% CI = 0.037,0.0.22) had significant associations with DR.  Conclusions: Sociodemographic, dietary, and clinical factors appear to have significant associations with the presence and severity of DR. It is important to monitor people with Type II diabetes on a healthy diet, as well as maintaining blood pressure and glycaemic status within the normal range is likely to delay the progression of the disease.
Perbedaan Status Gizi dan Malnutrisi Mikronutrien pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Usia 8–13 Tahun di Bogor, Indonesia: Differences in the Nutritional and Micronutrient Malnutrition Status Among Primary School Children Aged 8–13 Years in Bogor, Indonesia Al Khairiyah, Hanifah; Hardinsyah, Hardinsyah; Dewi, Mira; Alamsyah, Putri Rahmah; Riawan, Agus
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.586-595

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is experiencing a triple burden of malnutrition, defined as the coexistence of undernutrition, overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies. The majority of previous research has focused on the first 1000 days of life, while studies on school-age children remain limited, despite this developmental period being crucial for determining future health and well-being. Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the prevalence of undernutrition, overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies among primary school children in Bogor, Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 915 fourth- and fifth-grade students who were selected for inclusion. The collected data encompassed individual characteristics, family socioeconomic status, anthropometric measurements (actual body weight, height, and skinfold thickness), and blood biomarkers. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI-for-age (BMI/A), body fat percentage (Slaughter equation), hemoglobin levels (non-cyanide method), and serum concentrations of vitamin A and B12 (Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, LCMS). Results: The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency was 2.4%, overnutrition (overweight and obesity) was 12.4%, and high body fat was 12.8%. Micronutrient deficiencies were prevalent, with 40.1% of subjects experiencing anemia, 18.6% exhibiting vitamin A deficiency, and 52.2% demonstrating vitamin B12 deficiency. No statistically significant differences were found in nutritional status between boys and girls, as measured by BMI/A and blood biomarkers. However, girls had significantly higher body fat percentages (p-value<0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies was found to exceed that of both undernutrition and overnutrition. Further research is needed to explore the underlying factors contributing to these nutritional issues, considering various covariates. Targeted and specific interventions are critical in order to prevent and address the triple burden of malnutrition among primary school children in Bogor, Indonesia.
Hubungan Asupan Makan dan Kebugaran Fisik dengan Anemia pada Mahasiswi Gizi Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia: Dietary Intakes and Physical Fitness in Relation to Anaemia among Female Students Studying Nutrition at Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia Sholihah, Lini Anisfatus; Rohmah, Noor; Syamsudi, Nur Anindya
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.620-628

Abstract

Background: Anaemia affects approximately 31.2% of Indonesian women of reproductive age and has been linked to inadequate dietary intake and lifestyle behaviours. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the proportion of anaemia among female undergraduates in the Nutrition programme and to investigate its associations with dietary intake, anthropometric measures and physical activity levels. Methods: In this cross‐sectional study, 113 first- and second-year female Nutrition students completed three non-consecutive 24-hour food records to estimate daily intakes of energy, iron, folate, vitamin B₁₂ and vitamin C. Dietary diversity was quantified using the Dietary Diversity Score (DDS). Physical fitness was assessed via the Harvard Step Test, and anthropometric measurements body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference and body-fat percentage were recorded. Capillary haemoglobin concentrations determined anaemia status. Independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests compared anaemic and non-anaemic groups, and logistic regression models estimated odds ratios for associations with anaemia. Results: 39% of participants were classified as anaemic. Fitness scores differed significantly between groups (anaemic: 43.7±2.1 vs non-anaemic: 51.4±2.5; p-value=0.03). In unadjusted analyses, higher folate intake corresponded to reduced odds of anaemia (p-value=0.02), but the association was no longer significant after adjustment for covariates. Conclusions: A high proportion of female Nutrition undergraduates remain anaemic. Public health initiatives should promote diets rich in iron and folate, encourage greater dietary diversity, and support regular physical activity to mitigate anaemia risk. Further research should evaluate targeted nutritional interventions and fitness programmes for this demographic.
Gizi Ibu: Fondasi Menyusui dan Masa Depan Anak: Maternal Nutrition: The Foundation of Breastfeeding and Beyond Basrowi, Ray Wagiu; Darus, Febriansyah; Sundjaya, Tonny; Arumndari, Runi
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.735-746

Abstract

Background: Breastmilk from a healthy and well-nourished mother serves as the optimal source of nutrition for infant growth and development. The composition of breastmilk is affected by maternal dietary patterns. Beyond its nutritional value, breastfeeding fosters emotional bonding between the mother and infant. Objectives: This study aims to explore the role of maternal nutrition in breastfeeding success and infant’s well-being through scientific and philosophical lenses. Methods: Literature search was conducted via PubMed (Medline Database), including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and original research articles published within the last decade (2014-2024). The following keywords were utilised: ("maternal nutrition" OR "maternal health" OR "breastfeeding practice" OR "breastmilk") AND ("neurodevelopment" OR "intellectual development" OR "child development"). Inclusion criteria comprised open-access articles, while studies were available only in abstract form were excluded. Discussions: Breastmilk production requires an adequate intake of macronutrients, including protein, carbohydrates, and fats; thus, maternal dietary intake significantly affects breastmilk composition. The nutritional and bioactive components in breastmilk support the infant’s immune function, neurodevelopment, and physical growth, while simultaneously  providing necessary energy for the lactating mother. Breastfeeding should be understood as a holistic practice that extends beyond nutrient transfer, necessitating multisectoral collaboration involving government, non-governmental organizations, healthcare providers, and the population at large. Conclusions: Maternal well-being is intrinsically linked to child health, as well-nourished mothers provide a vital foundation for optimal infant development. A compassionate, community-based approach to maternal nutrition is an essential view that respects individual choices while emphasizing the importance of collective support to enhance the health and well-being of both mother and child.
Membangun Kekebalan Tubuh: Pengetahuan tentang Peran Prebiotik dan Probiotik dalam Kesehatan Anak: Crafting Paediatric Immunity: The Science of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Synbiotic Roles in Child Health Sutanto, Luciana Budiati; Dilantika, Charisma; Pratiwi, Dessy; Latarissa, Irma Rahayu
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i4.2025.747-766

Abstract

Background: The gut microbiota affects Children's immune system, which interacts with the immune system to support a healthy body. Prebiotics and probiotics, alongside their combination in the form of synbiotics, have demonstrated significant potential for enhancing immune health in children. Objectives: This article aims to review the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in supporting pediatric immune health by discusses their mechanisms of action, clinical evidence of benefits, and their impact on infection risk reduction, gut health enhancement, and improved vaccine effectiveness. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted by utilizing recent studies and clinical trials on the effects of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on paediatric immune health. Discussions: Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics play a crucial role in supporting paediatric immune health by optimizing gut microbiota balance and facilitating the production of beneficial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which subsequently strengthen gut barrier function and modulate immune responses.  Prebiotics provide essential nutrients for beneficial bacteria, probiotics directly interact with immune cells, and synbiotics synergistically combine these benefits, demonstrating effectiveness in reducing infections, enhancing vaccine responses, and preventing allergies. Clinical studies highlight their potential to improve gastrointestinal health, reduce inflammation, and strengthen immunity, emphasizing their importance as safe and effective interventions for children's health. Conclusions: Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics demonstrate significant potential in supporting children's immune health through mechanisms that improve gut microbiota balance and enhance immune function. Despite encouraging findings, additional research is essential to determine optimal dosages, long-term safety, and individualized strategies for their clinical application.

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