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Asian Journal of Agriculture
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25804537     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Aims and Scope Asian Journal of Agriculture encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects to optimizing the quality and quantity of both plant and animal yield and final products, including agricultural economics and management, agricultural engineering and mechanization, agronomy and crop science, fish breeding, poultry breeding, plants and animals breeding, biotechnology, molecular biology, genetic diversity and breeding, food science and technology, land resources, land use, and remote sensing, plant pathology and pest management, microbiology, virology and bacteriology, organic agriculture, ecology and ecophysiology, physiology and nutrition, post-harvest technology, soil sciences, soilless culture, tissue culture technology, phytoremediation, and water management.
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Articles 108 Documents
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The influence of social media marketing on Generation Z’s buying behavior of livestock products BURHANUDDIN, AISYAH NUR MAHARANI; HASTANG, HASTANG; MUNIR, ABDUL RAZAK
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090256

Abstract

Abstract. Burhanuddin ANM, Hastang, Munir AR. 2025. The influence of social media marketing on Generation Z’s buying behavior of livestock products. Asian J Agric 9: 898-905. This study aims to analyze the effect of social media marketing on the purchasing decisions of Generation Z in Makassar City, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The background of this study lies in the increasing use of social media as a primary source of information, interaction, and product evaluation among Generation Z, particularly in the context of e-commerce for processed broiler-based livestock products. The research was conducted in November 2024 using purposive sampling, targeting respondents aged 18-27 years who actively use social media and have purchased processed livestock products through online platforms. The questionnaire consisted of eight measurement items—four indicators of social media marketing and four indicators of purchase decision—evaluated using a five-point Likert scale. A descriptive and quantitative research approach was employed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method and processed with SmartPLS version 4 software. The measurement model demonstrated good reliability and validity, as reflected by Average Variance Extracted (AVE) values above 0.50, Composite Reliability exceeding 0.70, and a Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) value within the acceptable threshold. The findings indicate that social media marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchase decisions, supported by the statistical results: an original sample (path coefficient) of 0.651, a t-statistic of 10.712—which exceeds the critical value of 1.96—and a p-value of 0.000. These results suggest that the more effective and engaging social media marketing activities are—such as informative content, consistent brand presentation, interactive communication, and accessible product information—the higher the likelihood that Generation Z consumers will purchase processed livestock products through e-commerce platforms. The study emphasizes the importance of strengthening digital marketing strategies for livestock-based SMEs and agribusiness actors seeking to compete in online food markets.
SWOT-AHP analysis of youth participation in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, palm sugar agroforestry ERNAWATI, ERNAWATI; SYAHIDAH, SYAHIDAH; MUJETAHID, A.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100103

Abstract

Abstract. Ernawati, Syahidah, Mujetahid A. 2026. SWOT-AHP analysis of youth participation in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, palm sugar agroforestry. Asian J Agric 10: g100103. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100103. Youth disengagement from agroforestry-based livelihoods threatens the continuity of palm sugar production and the broader non-timber forest product economy in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study examines factors influencing youth participation in palm sugar agroforestry and prioritizes actionable strategies to strengthen youth engagement in the Universitas Hasanuddin Educational Forest (KHDTK) landscape. Data were collected through household surveys, semi-structured expert interviews, and field observations in Rompegading and Limapoccoe Villages. An integrated SWOT-AHP approach was applied to (i) identify internal and external factors shaping youth participation, (ii) formulate strategic alternatives, and (iii) rank strategies based on expert judgments and derived priority weights. The results highlight that the most influential strategic priorities focus on value-added product innovation and the expansion of digital/social-media marketing, supported by capacity building and institutional strengthening to improve product quality, coordination, and market access. Taken together, the results suggest that palm sugar agroforestry becomes more appealing to young people when it is framed as a market-oriented agribusiness, with roles beyond traditional production such as product development, branding, and online customer engagement. The prioritized strategy package provides practical guidance for local stakeholders. It highlights targeted, youth-focused interventions that upgrade palm sugar enterprises and strengthen the attractiveness and viability of agroforestry-based livelihoods.
Harvest timing and cultivar effects on phenolics and volatiles in bergamot juice and essential oil GATTUSO, ANTONIO; MAFRICA, ROCCO; MAFRICA, DAVIDE; DE BRUNO, ALESSANDRA; POIANA, MARCO
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090200

Abstract

Abstract. Gattuso A, Mafrica R, Mafrica D, De Bruno A, Poiana M. 2025. Harvest timing and cultivar effects on phenolics and volatiles in bergamot juice and essential oil. Asian J Agric 9: 889-897. Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) is traditionally cultivated for essential oil production, but increasing interest in its health-promoting properties has enhanced the relevance of juice and derived products. However, the combined influence of harvest time and cultivar on the seasonal evolution of phenolic compounds in juice and volatile constituents in essential oil remains insufficiently defined. This study investigated these changes in the two main Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) cultivars, ‘Fantastico’ and ‘Femminello’. Fruits were collected monthly from November to June, and phenolic compounds in juice and volatile constituents of essential oil were analyzed in parallel using UHPLC-DAD and GC-FID, respectively. Significant differences were observed both between cultivars and across ripening stages. Phenolic compounds in bergamot juice increased progressively during the harvest season, with higher late-season accumulation in ‘Femminello,’ reflecting both enhanced biosynthesis and dilution-concentration effects associated with fruit growth. In essential oil, ripening was characterized by a marked decrease in monoterpene alcohols and a concomitant increase in acetate esters, indicating a seasonal shift that strongly influences aromatic quality. Early harvests yielded oils richer in linalool and fresher aromatic notes, whereas mid- to late-season harvests were associated with higher ester content and smoother, more persistent fragrance profiles. These findings provide the first integrated, month-by-month characterization of phenolic and volatile dynamics in the two main bergamot cultivars. By linking biochemical evolution to harvest timing, the results offer practical guidance for defining cultivar-specific harvest windows aimed at maximizing functional phytochemicals in juice and tailoring the aromatic profile of essential oil, thereby supporting improved decision-making in bergamot production and processing.
Traditional knowledge on the use of local food crops by Togutil Ethnic in Halmahera Island, Indonesia TAMALENE, M. NASIR
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g010203

Abstract

Abstract. Tamalene MN. 2017. Traditional knowledge on the use of local food crops by Togutil Ethnic in Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 1: 66-72. Food crop is an important component in the life system of the Togutil ethnic group in Halmahera Island. The main characteristic of the group is their nomadic life, despite the existence of some sedentary groups. Generally, the group consumes wild food plants growing in their natural ecosystem. This paper presents a selected result of food crop studies conducted in Halmahera Island, Indonesia. The botanical supply of food crops of the Togutil has high usefulness in their social and cultural activities. Data was collected through in-depth interview method with key informants chosen based on purposive sampling. Plant species were identified in the Laboratory of Herbarium Botany Bogoriense of the Biological Research Center of Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI). 48 species of 23 families of food crops are used by the Togutil tribe of Halmahera Island, Indonesia. The food crops identified were wild plants with 45.83% growing in bushes habitat and primary forest, with 56.25% being cultivated crops planted in the garden and yard. Other uses of the food crops were identified as being medicinal plants (64.28%), house building (29.17%), and handicrafts and adhesive for animal (4.17%). In the cultural aspect, food crops were used for hunting rituals, medium of exchange (barter), welcoming guest rituals and traditional rituals. The value of Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI) in the very high significance category was 64.58%, high significance was 27.08%, and low significance and very low significance are 4.16%.
Physiological responses of Hiyung chili to different animal manures under acid sulfate soil conditions ABDILLAH, MUHAMMAD HELMY; LUKMANA, MILA; RAHMAWATI, LINDA; ISWAHYUDI, HERRY; INDAYATY, AMIRILIA; INDRIANI, INDRIANI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100100

Abstract

Abstract. Abdillah MH, Lukmana M, Rahmawati L, Iswahyudi H, Indayaty A, Indriani. 2026. Physiological responses of Hiyung chili to different animal manures under acid sulfate soil conditions. Asian J Agric 10 (1): g100109. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100109. Acid sulfate soils are marginal lands characterized by low pH, high saturation with Fe and Al, and poor nutrient availability. This study evaluated the effects of four types of animal manure-chicken, swiftlet, goat, and cattle-at five dosage levels (100-500 g) on Hiyung chili growth and yield, conducted from January to July 2024 at Politeknik Hasnur, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 80 experimental units. Manures were composted aerobically, and dolomite was applied to plants. The data collected included plant height, leaf number, flower number, mature fruit count, fruit weight, and dry biomass, which were analyzed using ANOVA and DMRT at a 5% significance level. Chicken manure exhibited the most consistent and significant dose-response effects on the growth and yield of Hiyung chili pepper, with the 300 g dose increasing plant height, leaf number, flower number, fruit number, and fruit weight by approximately 30-60% compared to the lowest dose and showing significant differences from other manure types (DMRT 5%). In contrast, higher doses of cattle and swiftlet manure tended to reduce yield components by about 40-65%, indicating threshold effects and declining nutrient-use efficiency, with overall treatment effectiveness ranked as chicken manure > goat manure > swiftlet manure ≈ cattle manure. Chicken manure is recommended to improve Hiyung chili productivity on acid sulfate soils. This study highlights the role of local organic resources as sustainable inputs to improve soil fertility and crop productivity on acid sulfate soils, supporting long-term soil health and sustainable farming on marginal lands.
Physiological and optical indicators of tungro severity across rice varieties with different resistance levels KHAERANA, KHAERANA; MUSA, YUNUS; PATANDJENGI, BAHARUDDIN; RIADI, MUHAMMAD
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100100

Abstract

Abstract. Khaerana, Musa Y, Patandjengi B, Riadi M. 2026. Physiological and optical indicators of tungro severity across rice varieties with different resistance levels. Asian J Agric 10 (1): g100110. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100110. Tungro disease is a serious threat to rice production, with potential yield losses reaching 99% depending on the severity. This study evaluated the physiological response of rice plants to tungro infection, focusing on chlorophyll and anthocyanin content and light interaction characteristics. The study was conducted on six rice varieties with varying resistance levels (TN1, Inpari 13, Inpari 30, Inpari 36, Inpari 37, and M70D) using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Tungro infection was established through controlled inoculation using two adult green leafhoppers (Nephotettix virescens) per plant and confirmed by PCR targeting Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV). Disease severity was assessed using a visual scale ranging from 1 (no symptoms) to 9 (severe stunting and leaf discoloration). Analysis of variance revealed a significant infection × variety interaction, indicating that physiological and optical responses to tungro differed among rice varieties according to their resistance level. The results showed that chlorophyll a content decreased by up to 42.8% in the susceptible variety (TN1), while chlorophyll b remained relatively stable (p>0.05). Anthocyanin content increased up to 2.7-fold in plants with a severity score of 9 compared to healthy plants. Tungro infestation reduced light absorption by up to 38.6% and increased reflection and transmission by 21.4% and 24.7%, respectively, indicating a response to mesophyll tissue damage. These findings suggest that a combination of physiological and spectral parameters can be used as an early indicator of tungro infection. This approach can potentially be developed as a rapid and non-destructive phenotyping method for breeding tungro-resistant rice varieties and to support precision optical sensor-based detection systems.
Competitiveness of Indonesian edible bird’s nest in global markets (2017-2021) HALKAM, HAMKA; DEMMALLINO, EYMAL BAHSAR; ALI, M. SALEH S.; SUHAB, SULTAN
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100100

Abstract

Abstract. Halkam H, Demmallino EB, Ali MSS, Suhab S. 2026. Competitiveness of Indonesian edible bird’s nest in global markets (2017-2021). Asian J Agric 10: g100106. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100106. Indonesia is the world’s largest producer and exporter of edible bird’s nest derived from Aerodramus fuciphagus. All edible bird’s nest produced in Indonesia is intended for export. During the period 2017 to 2021, Indonesia recorded an average annual export volume of 1,331 tons, with a total export value of US$398.4 million. Despite this strong performance, Indonesia faces several challenges in international trade, including stringent requirements for direct exports to China and increasing competition from other exporting countries. This study aimed to assess Indonesia’s competitiveness in the global edible bird’s nest market. A quantitative, descriptive, and analytical approach was employed using secondary data. The results indicate that Indonesian edible bird’s nest exhibits strong competitiveness and rapid growth in global markets. This is reflected by a high revealed comparative advantage value of 85.24, which is substantially higher than that of competing exporting countries, a revealed symmetric comparative advantage value close to +1, a position as a rising star in the export product dynamic matrix, and classification as an optimistic product under the X-Model potential export product framework. The findings further suggest that national competitiveness in the global edible bird’s nest trade increases with higher export values. Price disparities across export destinations are primarily driven by destination-specific regulatory requirements. China imports edible bird’s nest at relatively high prices under strict regulatory standards, whereas Hong Kong applies fewer regulatory controls and offers lower purchase prices. As a result, increased export volumes to China generate a substantial rise in export value, while exports to Hong Kong do not yield a comparable effect. The study also reports a 358% increase in the swiftlet population in 2021 compared to 1993. To further enhance exports, particularly to China, the Indonesian government should strengthen the registration of swiftlet houses, expand edible bird’s nest cleaning facilities in producing regions, and support the development of value-added edible bird’s nest products.
Monitoring of seed viability and longevity after storage in Purwodadi Botanic Garden Seed Bank, Pasuruan, Indonesia ENFAITH, FITRI BLESSFATH; OKTAVIA, GEBBY AGNESSYA ESA; LESTARI, DEWI AYU; ARIYANTI, ESTI ENDAH
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100100

Abstract

Abstract. Enfaith FB, Oktavia GAE, Lestari DA, Ariyanti EE. 2026. Monitoring of seed viability and longevity after storage in Purwodadi Botanic Garden Seed Bank, Pasuruan, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 10: g100107. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100107. Seed longevity is determinant of efficiency of storage practice. Seed viability after storage needs to be monitored to determine seed longevity. Seed viability of selected seed in the Purwodadi Botanic Garden (PBG) Seed Bank, Pasuruan, Indonesia, was monitored to predict the seed longevity after storage. The material used was selected seed species that have been stored in low temperature storage (-20°C) in hermetic storage at the Purwodadi Botanic Garden Seed Bank since 2016 (7 years storage), i.e., Aleurites moluccana, Cassia grandis, C. javanica, Colona scabra, Hura crepitans, Ixora miquelii, Pterospermum diversifolium, Sterculia foetida and Swinglea glutinosa. Seeds from each species were sown in sand as the planting medium, were then observed to perceive the germination percentage, the seed viability percentage, and the seed longevity. The results showed that all selected seeds experienced a decrease in germination percentage and even lost their ability to germinate. Seed longevity varies from very short with a decreasing rate of >30% (H. crepitans, I. miquelii, P. diversifolium, S. glutinosa and S. foetida), short with a decreasing rate of 15-30% (C. javanica and C. scabra), medium with a decreasing rate ranging from 4-15% (C. grandis), to long-lived seeds with a decreasing rate of <5% (A. moluccana). SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis was conducted to determine conservation strategies for seeds stored in the PBG Seed Bank. The result was that the appropriate conservation strategy for the PBG Seed Bank was assertive or proactive.

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