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Jurnal Respirasi (JR)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 24070831     EISSN : 26218372     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Respirasi is a National journal in accreditation process managed by Department of Pulmonology & Respiratory Medicine Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University - Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Publish every January, May, September every year with each of 5 (five) complete texts in Indonesian.
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Articles 321 Documents
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Back Matter Vol 11 No 1, 2025 Matter, Back
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-Infection Comorbidities Nanlohy, Shelda Friuley; Latif, Rahmi Rifany; Ursula, Yanita Novalina; Latuconsina, Vina Zakiah; Tentua, Vebiyanti; Anggriyani, Rina
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.101-106

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of mortality in Indonesia. The presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection comorbidities is a double burden. In TB patients, the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory marker and may indicate disease progression and immune system status. This study aimed to describe the NLR in pulmonary TB patients with and without DM and HIV co-infection comorbidities. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional approach. A total sampling technique was used, resulting in a sample of 159 participants. Data were collected from medical records. Results: Among 108 newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients in this study, 42 patients (38.9%) had a normal NLR (0.78-3.53), while 66 patients (61.1%) had an increased NLR (>3.53). Of the 28 TB patients with DM comorbidity, 12 patients (42.9%) had a normal NLR, while 16 patients (57.1%) had an increased NLR. Among the 23 TB patients with HIV co-infection comorbidity, four patients (17.4%) had a normal NLR, while 19 patients (82.6%) had an increased NLR. Conclusion: The results showed that pulmonary TB patients with and without DM and HIV co-infection comorbidities had a high NLR.
Bronchial Artery Embolization in Hemoptysis Audina, Dea Putri; Isbaniah, Fathiyah; Soehardiman, Dicky; Darwis, Andi; Amien, Bagus Radityo
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.174-182

Abstract

Hemoptysis, characterized by bleeding from the lower airways, is classified as mild, moderate, or massive, with massive hemoptysis carrying a mortality rate of 6.5–38%. Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most common cause globally. Management strategies include invasive and noninvasive options, with bronchial artery embolization (BAE) emerging as a cornerstone of noninvasive treatment since its introduction in the 1970s. Bronchial artery embolization provides rapid bleeding control and high success rates for both short- and long-term outcomes. Despite these advantages, recurrence rates range widely from 10–55%, often due to incomplete embolization, vessel recanalization, and collateral vessel development. The procedure employs embolic agents such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles, gelatin sponges, and tris-acryl gelatin microspheres, with minimal complications such as spinal cord infarction or broncho-esophageal fistulas. Diagnostic tools like computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy complement BAE by localizing the bleeding sites, stabilizing the airway, and aiding in definitive management. Bronchoscopy serves diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, employing techniques such as vasoconstrictor instillation, laser therapy, and balloon tamponade to control bleeding. Bronchial artery embolization is particularly effective for patients with life-threatening or recurrent hemoptysis who are unsuitable for surgery, often acting as a bridge to elective interventions. This literature review highlighted the pathophysiology, diagnostic modalities, BAE techniques, outcomes, and challenges involved in managing hemoptysis, emphasizing the role of BAE as a vital, minimally invasive therapeutic option.
Monitoring and Evaluation of Therapy Response in Advanced-Stage Lung Cancer Treated with Systemic Therapy Syamsuri, Ibrahim; Febriani, Anna; Wulandari, Laksmi; Wati, Farah Fatma
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.183-190

Abstract

Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy, with the highest mortality rate in the world. In Indonesia, lung cancer ranks third with 34,783 cases, contributing to the highest number of deaths due to cancer. Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, requiring systemic therapy. Therapeutic modalities for lung cancer patients can include surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy, with the choice of therapy determined by the histological type, disease stage, laboratory results, performance status (PS), and comorbidities. This situation requires regular monitoring and evaluation to reduce the symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life (QoL). Therapy response in systemic therapy patients can be evaluated through subjective, semi-subjective, and objective evaluations. Subjective evaluation involves monitoring QoL, focusing on cancer outcomes, and patients’ well-being. Semi-subjective evaluation consists of monitoring the patient’s weight and PS. Objective evaluation uses imaging equipment, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, fluoroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) scans to monitor tumor progression.
Improving Pulmonary Function and Functional Ability through Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients with Pleural Effusion: A Literature Review Nazir, Arnengsih; Anggraini, Gabriella; Clementius, Brandon; Nurhalizah, Hana Athaya; Sutiono, Agung Budi
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.191-200

Abstract

Introduction: Pleural effusion (PE) is characterized by reduced lung distensibility and expansion, resulting in decreased lung volume. Pleural effusion patients often experience respiratory symptoms that impair quality of life (QoL) and daily activities. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has been developed to enhance functional capacity, alleviate symptoms, improve exercise tolerance, and reduce health service utilization. However, data on the specific implementation and benefits of PR in PE patients are limited. Methods: This literature review synthesized data from a search using Public Medline (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Google Scholar databases. The search was based on keywords relevant to study objectives and comprised various article types, ranging from review papers to original research. Articles with titles and abstracts relevant to the study objectives proceeded to a full-text evaluation. Results: A narrative review discussing PE from pathology to rehabilitation management was formulated from 12 articles that elucidated various aspects of functional impairment in PE patients and 24 sources that discussed rehabilitation management. Conclusion: Rehabilitation interventions, especially mobilization programs and lung expansion techniques, have shown effectiveness in improving pulmonary function and functional activities. Data regarding the role of inspiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise specific to PE remain limited. Given the functional impairments associated with PE, both before and after the removal of pleural fluid, PR programs are crucial in improving symptoms, pulmonary function, and overall functional ability in these patients.
Differentiation of Malignant Pleural Effusions from Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma through FTIR Spectroscopy: A Prognostic Approach Madargerong, Vincentius Adrian; Suhartono, Eko; Oktaviyanti, Ika Kustiyah; Haryati, Haryati; Isa, Mohamad; Assagaf, Ali; Kusumawardhani, Erna; Nurrasyidah, Ira; Syafa’ah, Irmi
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.114-122

Abstract

Introduction: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is common in cancer patients and is often caused by neoplastic involvement of the pleural surface. This study aimed to determine the utility of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectral analysis and anatomical pathological differentiation in MPE, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and lung adenocarcinoma as prognostic predictors. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design at Ulin General Hospital, Banjarmasin, involving advanced lung cancer patients with MPE. A non-probability sampling technique was used to recruit 30 patients. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was analyzed to evaluate anatomical pathology differentiation. Results: Differences were observed in the FTIR spectral ratios A1080/A1243 and A1080/A1170 between SCC and adenocarcinoma, with p-values of 0.026 and 0.022, respectively. Significant differences were also found in the A2959/A1545 ratio between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, with a p-value of 0.023. The receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) indicated good predictive value for poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma at a cut-off value of 0.944, with a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 100%. However, no significant correlation was found between FTIR absorbance and anatomical pathology differentiation in MPE due to SCC and lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: The FTIR spectral ratios A1080/A1243 and A1080/A1170 differentiate SCC from adenocarcinoma. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy may be an adjunct to cytology, offering a more rapid and cost-effective method for differentiating MPE.
The Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Interleukin-6 and PRESS Score in Children with Pneumonia and Vitamin D Deficiency Setyoningrum, Retno Asih; Kristianto, Wigit; Chafid, Arda Pratama Putra; Hapsari, Rika; Syafa'ah, Irmi
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.107-113

Abstract

Introduction: Pneumonia is a significant health issue in children under 5 years old. Vitamin D may help to reduce childhood mortality, morbidity, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in children with pneumonia, but the evidence is still limited and controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on IL-6 levels and clinical manifestations in children with pneumonia and vitamin D inadequacy. Methods: This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blinded trial study. Twenty-eight children diagnosed with pneumonia and vitamin D deficiency were enrolled and divided into a supplementation (n=15) or placebo group (n=13). Children were given a single dose (100,000 international units/IU) of vitamin D3 or placebo on the first day of hospitalization. Clinical manifestations were assessed by the Pediatric Respiratory Severity Score (PRESS). Results: The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D3), IL-6, and PRESS score at baseline showed no significant difference between groups. Seven days post-supplementation, only the PRESS score showed a significant difference between groups (p=0.025). Analysis of the vitamin D3 group showed a significantly increased 25-OH D3 level and a reduced PRESS score (p=0.039 and p=0.02, respectively). Conclusion: A single high dose of vitamin D3 supplementation in children with pneumonia and inadequate vitamin D levels helps elevate 25-OH D3 levels and reduce clinical manifestations, as indicated by the PRESS score.
A Fatal Case of Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis as a Result of Treatment Delay in Odontogenic Infection: Various Bacterial Infections and Coexisting Lung Tuberculosis Husen, Theresia Feline; Sari, Grace Natalia; Gunawan, Putri Amadea; Vidya, Ananda Pipphali; Wardoyo, Suprayitno
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.153-158

Abstract

Introduction: Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a rare but life-threatening complication of oropharyngeal and odontogenic infections. This case report highlighted that DNM is very complex because it causes infection with various types of bacteria, and the presence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in the patient. Case: A patient with untreated pulp gangrene for three months underwent drainage and tooth extraction surgery. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with DNM and underwent cervicotomy and sternotomy for debridement. Postoperative cultures revealed polymicrobial infections. Additionally, a follow-up chest X-ray confirmed active pulmonary TB. The simultaneous presence of multiple bacterial infections and TB necessitated aggressive treatment, including broad-spectrum antibiotics, anti-TB drugs per standard regimens, and close intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring. Over a month of ICU care, the patient’s vital signs and postoperative wounds improved. This case was classified as Endo-Hasegawa IIC DNM caused by odontogenic infection with pulp gangrene, progressing from the submandibular space to the mediastinum. The coexisting pulmonary TB further complicated management. Drainage via cervicotomy and sternotomy allowed for extensive mediastinal exploration. However, delayed diagnosis led to complications, including sepsis and altered consciousness due to uncontrolled bacterial spread. This underscores the importance of early diagnosis and intensive, multidisciplinary management to improve outcomes. Conclusion: Physicians need to be more aware of DNM as a potential complication of odontogenic infections and the possibility of a wide variety of bacterial and coexisting infections that may complicate treatment.
Successful Treatment of Cor Pulmonale in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis-Related ARDS: A Case Report Sutoyo, Amalia
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.159-165

Abstract

Introduction: One of the biggest challenges in global tuberculosis (TB) control is the spread of drug-resistant TB. Chronic cor pulmonale is confirmed in a pulmonary TB patient through the mechanism of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Tuberculosis is one of the causes of respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. However, cases of TB requiring mechanical ventilation as the primary cause of respiratory failure are rare. Tuberculous acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is rare, but it has a very poor prognosis when it does occur. Case: A 48-year-old female arrived with chronic cor pulmonale decompensated symptoms with drug-resistant pulmonary TB diagnosed by echocardiography. The patient developed ARDS during treatment. Initially, the patient was treated with loop diuretics, oxygen treatment, vasodilators, digitalis, anticoagulant medication, bronchodilators, and empirical antibiotics. As her condition deteriorated, the patient was put on mechanical ventilation and anti-TB medication. The patient’s health improved, and she was allowed to return home. Conclusion: Acute respiratory distress syndrome patients associated with drug-resistant TB may experience decompensated chronic cor pulmonale. In this instance, the main diagnostic method for cor pulmonale is echocardiography. Seldom is drug-resistant pulmonary TB associated with ARDS that results in cor pulmonale being documented. Positive results are linked to early diagnosis and treatment. Following therapy, the patient’s health improved, and the patient was permitted to return home with the prescribed drugs.
The Changes of Immunohistochemistry in Lung Tissues, Surfactant Protein-D, eNOS, and NO in Mice Exposed to Essential Oil Vapor Veterini, Anna Surgean; Putri, Herdiani Sulistyo; Dwiyatna, Archie Arman; Rahmah, Ainur; Satuman, Satuman; Rachmawati, Heni; Meirawan, Rizky Fajar; Sulistiawan, Soni Sunarso
Jurnal Respirasi Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jr.v11-I.2.2025.123-130

Abstract

Introduction: The use of essential oils in aromatherapy is widespread. However, few studies have explored the effects of smoke from the evaporation of commonly used essential oils. While essential oils are promoted for various benefits, prolonged exposure to inhaled particles from essential oil smoke may pose potential health risks. This study aimed to examine the effects of essential oil vapors on mice. Methods: This was an experimental study investigating the effects of different treatments on lung immunohistopathology, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression, serum nitric oxide (NO) levels, and serum surfactant protein-D (SP-D) as an inflammation marker in mice. A total of 40 adult male Mus musculus mice (25–30 g) were randomly divided into four groups. Inflammation models were established by exposing the mice to a gas mixture containing vegetable glycerin, propylene glycol, and vitamin E acetate solution. Following inflammation induction, the mice received seven-day interventions with 0.9% NaCl solution, Eucalyptus globulus essential oil (EgEO), and citronella essential oil (CtEO), alongside an untreated inflammatory group. Results: The CtEO group intervention showed significant increases in eNOS expression (P=0.001) but no significant increase in NO compared to the other groups. The correlation analysis of eNOS expression in lung cells, serum NO, and SP-D levels was not significant, P>0.05 (p=0.160; p=0.115; p=0.234). Conclusion: Gas intervention containing 100% oxygen (O2) and CtEO steam increased eNOS expression on the immunohistochemistry (IHC) examination of mice.

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