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Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Wiralodra
ISSN : 24425885     EISSN : 26223392     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health
Afiasi merupakan Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat yang memuat naskah hasil penelitian maupun naskah konsep di bidang Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat dan diterbitkan setiap 4 (empat) bulan.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 249 Documents
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What are The Clinical and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Different Management Strategies for Recurrent Tonsillitis in Adolescents? : A Comprehensive Systematic Review Sidqa H; Tiya A
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v9i3.440

Abstract

Introduction: Recurrent tonsillitis imposes a substantial burden on adolescent health, leading to frequent school absences, reduced quality of life (QoL), and significant healthcare resource utilization. A spectrum of management strategies exists, including tonsillectomy (total or partial), various antibiotic regimens, and watchful waiting. However, a critical evidence gap persists regarding the age-specific efficacy, safety, and impact on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for adolescents, as most research aggregates data across broader pediatric or adult populations without dedicated subgroup analysis. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Springer, Wiley Online Library. Inclusion criteria targeted studies (meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials) focusing on recurrent tonsillitis management, with relevant populations (including or overlapping with adolescents aged 10-19), a minimum 6-month follow-up, and reporting of clinical outcomes and/or PROs. From 306 screened sources, data were extracted from the 40 highest-scoring studies. A structured extraction template captured details on management strategies, participant demographics, clinical outcomes (e.g., sore throat frequency, infection rates), PROs (QoL, pain, satisfaction), safety profiles, and comparative effectiveness. Results: Tonsillectomy significantly reduces the frequency of sore throat episodes compared to medical management or watchful waiting, with incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of 0.70 in the first year and 0.54 in the second year post-intervention (Lock et al., 2010). The benefit is maximized with prompt surgery; intervention within 10 weeks of consultation prevented up to 8 sore throats over two years, whereas a 12-month delay reduced this benefit to preventing only 3.5 episodes (Paradise et al., 1984). Tonsillotomy (partial tonsillectomy) demonstrated non-inferiority to total tonsillectomy in controlling infections over a 5-year follow-up but was associated with a significantly lower risk of postoperative haemorrhage (1.6% vs. 5.4%) (Kisser et al., 2024). For medical management, antibiotic prophylaxis with clindamycin and amoxicillin/clavulanate proved superior to penicillin in eradicating Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) and preventing recurrence, attributable to their stability against beta-lactamase-producing tonsillar flora (Brook, 1989; Asensi et al., 1999). Azithromycin prophylaxis showed comparable long-term (5-year) outcomes to tonsillectomy in moderately affected patients (Diaa El Din El Hennawi & Ahmed, 2016). PROs, measured using validated instruments like the PedsQL and Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI), consistently showed improvement following both effective surgical and medical interventions (Kisser et al., 2024; Diaa El Din El Hennawi & Ahmed, 2016). Surgical morbidity, primarily haemorrhage, occurs in 2-7% of cases, with rare mortality (Morad et al., 2017). Discussion: The synthesis indicates that management efficacy is context-dependent. Tonsillectomy is most beneficial for severely affected patients meeting stringent criteria (e.g., Paradise criteria) and when performed expediently. The apparent equivalence between surgery and medical management in some studies can be explained by spontaneous symptom resolution over time in control groups, variable baseline disease severity among study populations, and differences in follow-up duration. For adolescents with contraindications to surgery or moderate disease, medical prophylaxis with beta-lactamase-stable antibiotics or azithromycin is a viable alternative. Surgical technique selection involves trade-offs: tonsillotomy minimizes bleeding risk, intracapsular cobaltion reduces late postoperative pain, and laser/cobaltion techniques improve operative efficiency. A significant limitation is the paucity of studies performing dedicated adolescent subgroup analysis, necessitating extrapolation from broader pediatric data. Conclusion: Tonsillectomy remains a highly effective intervention for severe, recurrent tonsillitis in adolescents, especially when performed without undue delay. Tonsillotomy offers a safer surgical alternative with equivalent long-term infection control. Medical management, particularly with clindamycin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, or azithromycin prophylaxis, represents a valid non-surgical strategy for appropriate candidates. Future research must prioritize prospective studies with age-stratified analyses, longer-term follow-up comparing modern techniques, and standardized assessment of PROs specifically in the adolescent demographic to optimize age-tailored clinical guidelines.
Hubungan Perilaku dengan Kecelakaan Kerja Pada Petani di Kecamatan Kotamobagu Barat Akbar, Hairil; Rumaf, Fachry; Mokodompit, Putra Jufriyandi; Rismayani, Besse; Tutu, Christien Gloria
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.541

Abstract

Occupational accidents are unintended and unforeseen events, not caused by deliberate actions, which may result in losses in terms of time, property, and even human life. Behaviors associated with occupational accidents among farmers include inadequate use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), non-compliance with safety procedures, errors in operating tools and machinery, lack of concentration, and negligence in following safety instructions for products such as pesticides. This study aims to examine the relationship between behavior (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) and occupational accidents among farmers in West Kotamobagu District. This research employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in West Kotamobagu District with a total population of 946 farmers. A sample of 90 farmers was selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-Square test. The findings revealed that knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.017), and practice (p = 0.007) were significantly associated with occupational accidents among farmers in West Kotamobagu District. Poor knowledge regarding occupational health and safety (OHS) and agricultural hazards, negative attitudes toward PPE usage, and undisciplined practices in its application were closely linked to the high incidence of occupational accidents among farmers. Adequate knowledge and awareness positively influence the adoption of safe behaviors, such as the proper and consistent use of complete PPE, thereby reducing the risk of occupational accidents.
Faktor Organisasi dengan Kinerja Penyuluh Keluarga Berencana di Kabupaten Jember Arta, Magdalena Yuni; Hermawati, Ema; Sandra, Christyana; Witcahyo, Eri
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.543

Abstract

The coverage of active KB participants has a target based on the Estimated Community Demand (PPM), so each year it is expected that the achievements will meet or exceed the target. The problem lies in the significant disparity in the coverage rates of new family planning participants, based on the 2023 data on the achievements of new participants from government and private sectors, the districts with the lowest achievements of new KB participants were Patrang (7.22%), Sukorambi (8.41%), Balung (9.98%), Arjasa (12.87%), Mayang (20.20%), Jelbuk (27.87%), Silo (28.87%), and Umbul Sari District (29.58%). The districts with the highest achievements were Sukowono (719.27%), Wuluhan (694.80%), Tempurejo (644.23%), and Rambipuji (596.35%). The purpose of this study was to analyze organizational factors associated with the performance of KB Counselor. This study employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The independent variables were age, years of service, perception of rewards, work motivation, and leadership, while the dependent variable was the performance of KB Counselor. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses using logistic regression. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between work motivation (p-value = 0.045) and leadership (p-value = 0.000) with the performance of KB Counselor, while no significant relationship was found between age (p-value = 0.405), years of service (p-value = 0.513), and perception of rewards (p-value = 1.000) with performance. The most dominant variable associated with KB Counselor performance was leadership, with an OR = 11.2 (95% CI = 2.2–56.2).
Pengaruh Keyakinan Perilaku, Normatif, dan Kontrol serta Niat terhadap Perilaku Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Puskesmas Bonto Bangun, Bulukumba Idris, Fairus Prihatin; Hariandini, Elsa Amalia; Ahmad, Ahmad; Abbas, Hasriwiani Habo; Sumiaty, Sumiaty
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.544

Abstract

Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan, kekebalan, dan perlindungan bayi dari infeksi, namun cakupannya di beberapa wilayah Indonesia, termasuk Puskesmas Bonto Bangun, Kabupaten Bulukumba, masih belum optimal karena pengaruh faktor sosial dan budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) dan Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) dalam perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu bayi tahun 2025. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional pada 159 ibu, menggunakan kuesioner berbasis konstruk TPB dan TRA, serta dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas ibu memiliki sikap, keyakinan, persepsi kontrol, dan niat positif terhadap ASI eksklusif; dukungan suami menjadi faktor utama (71,1%), sementara tradisi budaya menjadi hambatan bagi sebagian kecil (11,3%). Analisis statistik menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara semua konstruk TPB dan TRA dengan perilaku ASI eksklusif (p < 0,05). Kesimpulannya, TPB dan TRA efektif menjelaskan perilaku ASI eksklusif, dan intervensi promotif yang sensitif terhadap budaya serta memperkuat dukungan sosial dan keyakinan ibu diperlukan untuk meningkatkan cakupan ASI eksklusif. Kata kunci: ASI eksklusif, Theory of Planned Behavior, Theory of Reasoned Action, Faktor sosial budaya, Perilaku ibu, Indonesia
Dampak Continuity Of Care Yang Diberikan Oleh Mahasiswa Kebidanan Terhadap Kepercayaan Perempuan Terhadap Pelayanan Kesehatan Fitrayeni, Fitrayeni; Iffah, Uliy; Ridwan, Laila Hijradesy
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.545

Abstract

Background: Continuity of Care (CoC) is a midwifery care approach emphasizing continuous and interpersonal relationships between health providers and women throughout pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum, and family planning periods. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the impact of CoC implementation by midwifery students on women’s trust in health services. Methods: The research involved 30 women who received CoC care from students of the Midwifery Professional Program, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University. Data were collected through observation of CoC implementation and a validated trust questionnaire covering four dimensions: students’ competence, interaction comfort, confidentiality, and readiness to receive care. Results: Statistical analysis using a paired t-test showed a significant increase in women’s trust scores after receiving CoC (mean score increased from 3.2 to 4.4; p < 0.05). Linear regression analysis indicated that the quality of CoC implementation significantly influenced women’s trust levels (R² = 0.52). Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that CoC provided by midwifery students not only enhances the quality of care but also strengthens the trust relationship between women and health providers. The results are expected to contribute to the development of midwifery education curricula emphasizing continuity of care and empathy in clinical practice.
Preventif Darurat Kekerasan Seksual Dengan Metode Viomaze Nisa, Roifatun; Wardani, Siti Pangarsi Dyah Kusuma
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.546

Abstract

Globalisasi memunculkan excess mengenai pola perilaku remaja yang berkaitan dengan perilaku penyimpangan seksual, hal tersebut membuat Negara Indonesia menetapkan kondisi darurat kekerasan seksual. Penyebab terjadinya kekerasan seksual disebabkan faktor individu, faktor lingkungan dan sosial, serta faktor enabling berupa hubungan internal keluarga maupun hubungan eksternal keluarga. Berdasarkan data dari Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak (PPPA) tahun 2022 kasus kekerasan seksual sebanyak 11,686 korban dimana pelaku kekerasan berasal dari teman ataupun pacar sebanyak 4.558 korban. Tahun 2023 bulan Maret sebanyak 2.109 korban mengalami kekerasan seksual. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis preventif kekerasan seksual pada remaja dengan menggunakan metode viomaze di SMP Negeri 1 Karangampel Indramayu. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest design. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara non probability sampling dengan cara purposive sampling dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian pada 55 siswa/siswi dapat diketahui dari setiap siswa mendapat nilai yang berbeda-beda sebelum (pre test) dan sesudah (pos test). Hasil pre test setiap siswa menunjukkan nilai yang kurang yaitu berkisar 20 – 50 sedangkan hasil post test menunjukkan kenaikan nilai dari setiap siswa yaitu 70 – 90 dan hasil analisis data menggunakan uji wilcoxon diperoleh p value (0,001) < p (0,05), sehingga (H0) ditolak, dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa preventif kekerasan seksual menggunakan metode Viomaze efektif terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa tentang kekerasan seksual. Edukasi pada siswa/siswi sangat penting guna memberikan pengetahuan kekerasaan seksual dengan harapan agar tidak melakukan kekerasan seksual dan terhindar dari kekerasan seksual.
Hubungan Perilaku Merokok Dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru Di Kecamatan Juntinyuat Kabupaten Indramayu Setiawan, Dede
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.550

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease that remains a serious public health challenge in Indonesia, including in the Juntinyuat Community Health Center (UPTD) in Indramayu Regency. Smoking is a risk factor for pulmonary TB. Exposure to cigarette smoke can disrupt respiratory function and weaken lung immunity, making it easier for Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria to enter and grow. This study is a quantitative study with an observational analytical design using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was total sampling with 56 respondents. Based on an analysis of 56 respondents, a statistically significant relationship was found between smoking behavior and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Statistically, it can be concluded that smoking has a significant relationship to incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Health workers are expected to provide ongoing education about the dangers of smoking, particularly regarding its impact on increasing the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in the community.
Perasan Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) dan Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura) pada Berbagai Konsentrasi terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti K., Sarinah Basri; Nurfadillah, Ayu Rofia
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.551

Abstract

Demam berdarah dengue merupakan penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global, dengan Aedes aegypti sebagai vektor utamanya. Penggunaan insektisida kimia secara terus-menerus menimbulkan resistensi dan dampak lingkungan, sehingga diperlukan alternatif pengendalian vektor yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas perasan daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum) dan daun kersen (Muntingia calabura) pada berbagai konsentrasi terhadap mortalitas larva Aedes aegypti. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan eksperimental laboratorik dengan empat perlakuan (25%, 50%, 75%, dan kontrol negatif) yang diulang tiga kali, masing-masing terdiri atas 20 larva instar III. Pengamatan dilakukan pada jam ke-6, 12, 18, dan 24, kemudian data dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dan uji lanjut Tukey HSD pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perasan daun kemangi lebih efektif dibandingkan daun kersen dalam menyebabkan kematian larva Aedes aegypti. Pada konsentrasi 75%, kemangi mencapai tingkat mortalitas sebesar 85% (kategori efektif), sedangkan kersen hanya mencapai 73% (kategori cukup efektif). Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan konsentrasi perasan daun kemangi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap mortalitas larva (ρ=0,350; p>0,05), sementara pada daun kersen terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan (ρ=0,046; p<0,05), terutama antara konsentrasi 25% dan 75%. Disimpulkan bahwa perasan daun kemangi memiliki efektivitas larvasida yang lebih tinggi, namun pengaruh konsentrasi lebih nyata pada daun kersen. Disarankan bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk menggunakan metode ekstraksi yang lebih optimal, menambah variasi waktu paparan, serta menguji dampak terhadap organisme non-target sebelum diterapkan di lapangan.
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Pemilahan Sampah Rumah Tangga Di Kelurahan Margadadi Kecamatan Indramayu Tahun 2024 Sulistiani, Novi Rizki; Nurbaeti, Tayong Siti; Wardani, Siti Pangarsi Dyah Kusuma
Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Afiasi
Publisher : Universitas Wiralodra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v10i3.554

Abstract

Pemilahan sampah rumah tangga merupakan kegiatan mengelompokan dan memisahkan sampah sesuai dengan jenis, jumlah maupun sifat sampah. Dari total produksi sampah nasional tersebut, 65.71% (13.9 juta ton) dapat terkelola, sedangkan sisanya 34,29% (7,2 juta ton) belum terkelola dengan baik. Peran masyarakat sangat diperlukan dalam penanganan sampah dalam rumah tangga. Bentuk bentuk perilaku masyarakat dalam memilah sampah dapat dipengaruhi beberapa faktor diantaranya pengetahuan, keterpaparan informasi dan status ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku pemilahan sampah rumah tangga di Kelurahan Margadadi Kecamatan Indramayu Tahun 2024. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analitik dan desain penelitian cross-sectional yang mempelajari dinamika antara korelasi faktor dengan efek pada 99 sampel. Pengambilan sampel secara random sampling menggunakan slovin. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebagian besar masyarakat kelurahan Margadadi tahun 2024 mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan tentang pemilahan sampah yang baik sebanyak 67.7%. Status ekonomi masyarakat kelurahan Margadadi tahun 2024 sebagian besar diatas UMK sebanyak 69.7%. Masyarakat kelurahan Margadadi tahun 2024 sebagian besar terpapar informasi terkait pemilahan sampah, yaitu sebanyak 65.7%. Sebagian besar masyarakat kelurahan Margadadi tahun 2024 mempunyai tingkat pemilahan sampah sebanyak 72.7% . Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan, status ekonomi dan keterpaparan informasi terhadap perilaku pemilahan sampah rumah tangga. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk mengkaji secara lebih mendalam faktor-faktor lain yang mungkin berpengaruh, seperti aspek sosial-ekonomi dan budaya.

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