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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Published by Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Klinik Indonesia
ISSN : 08544263     EISSN : 24774685     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.24293
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML) is a journal published by “Association of Clinical Pathologist” professional association. This journal displays articles in the Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory scope. Clinical Pathology has a couple of subdivisions, namely: Clinical Chemistry, Hematology, Immunology and Serology, Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Hepatology, Cardiovascular, Endocrinology, Blood Transfusion, Nephrology, and Molecular Biology. Scientific articles of these topics, mainly emphasize on the laboratory examinations, pathophysiology, and pathogenesis in a disease.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,328 Documents
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The Predominance of the Synthesis Phase in Cell Cycles in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Hernaningsih, Yetti; Aryati, Aryati; Ugrasena, I Dewa Gede; Nunki, Nastasya
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2360

Abstract

Uncontrolled proliferation and resistance to apoptosis should be controlled to kill the cancer cells, as the goal of treatment in acute leukemia. It is therefore important to know, which characteristic dominates the proliferative phase because, to be more effective, new drugs that will be developed should be targeted at that phase. This study aimed to find the dominant phase in the proliferative phase of the cell cycle in childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). This study was conducted on 63 patients, comprising 33 patients with specimens of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells (BMMC), 30 patients with specimens of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC), and 10 children as controls with specimens of PBMC. Cell cycle examinations were performed with PI/RNase, run on BD FACS Calibur, and analyzed with modfit LT 4.1 software to determine the phases of G0/G1, synthesis (S), and mitosis (G2/M). Regarded the S and G2/M phases as the proliferation phase. Statistical analyses used one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis to compare S and G2/M phases within groups,and an Independent T-test and Mann-Whitney to compare the same phases between groups. Among the proliferation phases, the synthesis phase had significantly higher domination than the mitotic phase in both the BMMC (10.18±7.81% vs. 5.41±3.77%; p = 0.010) and PBMC (4.33±2.15% vs 2.30±1.56%; p=0.000) groups. A similar result was found in the control group (1.01±0.51% vs 0.36±0.38%; p=0.011). The synthesis phase in BMMC had significantly higher domination than PBMC groups (p=0.024) and control (p 0.002). The synthesis phase predominates among the proliferation phases of the cell cycle in childhood ALL.
Enterobius in Acute Appendicitis – An Unheralded Guest- A Case Report Baskaran, Birundha; Kumaran, Senthil; Shambavi, Jeya
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2367

Abstract

Enterobius vermicularis infestation is a global public health concern. The exact pathogenesis of Enterobius species causing acute appendicitis is debatable and only a few cases have been reported in India and different countries of the world. Recognition of worms inside the appendix is important as it affects the definitive management of the patients depending on the stage of the disease. Here, intend to present such a rare case of acute appendicitis in association with Enterobius vermicularis parasite. A 46-year-old male patient presented to the Emergency Department with complaints of right lower abdominal pain and nausea. Investigations were done and the patient was clinically suspected of acute appendicitis. Appendicectomy was performed and grossing of the specimen was done according to the protocol. Histopathological examination revealed ulcerated mucosa with evidence of transmural inflammation. Lumen of the appendix showed Enterobius vermicularis worm containing multiple eggs. High worm burden can cause appendiceal obstruction and other devastating complications. Detailed clinical-pathological evaluation is necessary to identify the etiology in a case of acute appendicitis. This helps in the definitive management of the patient and uncomplicated cases may be managed with conservative treatment.
Molecular Investigation of Nitrofurantoin Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli Isolates from Urinary Tract Infections Abbas, Zainab Baqir; Kahya, Hasan Faisal Hussein
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2380

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the mechanisms of Escherichia coli resistance to the antibiotic nitrofurantoin in clinical isolates from urinary tract infections. One hundred samples were collected from patients in hospitals in Mosul, Iraq, and isolates were diagnosed using routine laboratory tests. The minimum inhibitory concentration of nitrofurantoin was determined by micro-dilution. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the 16SrRNA, nfsA, and nfsB genes. The results showed that 13 isolates (35%) were resistant and 9 (24%) were sensitive to nitrofurantoin. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values for the sensitive isolates ranged between 83.33-166 µg/mL. Deletion mutations were found in the nfsA and nfsB genes, along with several point mutations that resulted in the production of defective enzymes, explaining the resistance to nitrofurantoin. The study concluded that mutations in the nfsA and nfsB loci are the main cause of nitrofurantoin resistance in the strains.
Cycle Threshold Value as A Death Predictor of COVID-19 Patients Oktariana, Desi; Saleh, Irsan; Banun, Syahri; Rahadiyanto, Kemas Ya’kub; Liana, Phey; Rahmawati, Eny; Hafizzanovian, Hafizzanovian; Lusiana, Evi; Tamzil, Nia Savitri; Prasasty, Gita Dwi; Aseptianova, Aseptianova
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2390

Abstract

For several years, COVID-19 has been a major problem in human health and also caused a global socio-economic crisis. However, the impact of viral load on patient mortality has not been thoroughly investigated. This study analyzes the association between CT value and the mortality of COVID-19 patients in inpatients at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital. This study used observational analysis with a longitudinal retrospective design. This study had 280 subjects. Fifty-four of the 280 patients died (19.3%) 33% had a CT <22.93; 16.7% had a CT 22.93-29.93; 31.5% had a CT 29.94-34.9, 18.5% had a CT >35 with p-value >0.05 for patient mortality. Analysis of age, comorbidities, and clinical severity of patient mortality showed a p-value <0.05. Meanwhile, gender analysis of patient mortality showed a p-value >0.05. These results indicate that the CT value cannot predict patient mortality. Patients with older age, comorbidities, and admission with severe clinical severity have a higher risk of death.
Inflammation Marker and Leukocyte Parameter Ratio on Erythropoiesis Activity of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Wande, I Nyoman; Linawati, Ni Made; Dewi, Pande Putu Ayu Patria; Ariawati, Ketut
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2395

Abstract

Acute leukemia is the most common malignancy found in children. A Complete Blood Count (CBC) examination can calculate the lymphocyte-to-leukocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-leukocyte ratio, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to monitor the progress of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). C-reactive protein is a marker of inflammation and can determine disease progression during treatment. The study's analytical design was observational, with a cross-sectional design conducted at the laboratory of the Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, University of Udayana, and Ngoerah Hospital from March to August 2020. The study included 48 subjects, divided into three phases: induction, consolidation, and maintenance, in ALL patients. Specimen collection was collected in 2 tubes. Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical analysis was used to assess normality, and homogeneity was evaluated with Levene’s test. The difference test was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. This study aimed to determine the relationship between parameters was performed with Spearman correlation. This study showed a strong correlation between hemoglobin levels and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (r= 0.358, p=0.015), hemoglobin and lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio (r= -0.287, p=0.048), hemoglobin and CRP (r= -0.493, p=0.000). Significant correlation between reticulocyte percentage and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (r= 0.505, p=0.000), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and CRP (r= -0.870, p=0.000), neutrophil/leukocyte ratio and lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio (r= 0.960, p=0.000). Significant correlations have been found between hemoglobin levels and the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which is a measure of the lymphocyte/leukocyte ratio (LLeu-ratio), along with CRP. This relationship has been connected to inflammation in ALL patients following chemotherapy. CBC is an easy-to-use test to determine whether inflammation is present in ALL patients following chemotherapy.
Analysis of Serum Uric Acid to Albumin Ratio in Acute Kidney Injury Widiantara, Ade Kurniawan; Mangarengi, Fitriani; Widaningsih, Yuyun
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2397

Abstract

Hypoalbuminemia and hyperuricemia are associated with the occurrence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), leading to increased mortality. Epidemiological studies have shown that AKI is related to disease severity, mortality, period of stay in the intensive care unit, and prolonged use of mechanical ventilation. This study aimed to analyze the uric acid-albumin ratio in AKI. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from subjects diagnosed with AKI and treated at the Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar for four and a half years from January 2019 to July 2023. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) tests. A total of 93 subjects with an average age of 56.4+15.6 were included in the study, with a higher percentage of males, 63.4% (59). The mean uric acid/albumin ratio was higher in AKI stage 3 = 3.17 compared to stages 1 and 2, with a significant value of p=0.866. The mean uric acid/albumin ratio was higher in AKI patients who died = 4.46, compared to those who recovered, with a significant value of p<0.001. There was a considerable correlation between uric acid/albumin ratio and outcome AKI (p<0.001) with strong correlation strength. Value uric acid/albumin comparison with AKI (p<0.001) strong category (r=0.842). Based on the ROC curve coordinate values uric acid/albumin ratio, a cut-off > 2.79 was obtained for the AKI who died and < 2.79 for the outcome AKI who recovered, with sensitivity of 97.7% and specificity of 91.6%. There was a significant correlation between the uric acid/albumin ratio and the outcome of AKI, with high correlation strength. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between the uric acid/albumin ratio and the AKI stage.
Serum Collagen IV and Laminin as Biomarkers for Liver Injury in Methamphetamine Addiction Sami, Shahbaa Waheed; Mahmood, Halla G.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2426

Abstract

Methamphetamine is a synthetic stimulant that affects the central nervous system. Prolonged use of methamphetamine can lead to high levels of accumulation in the liver, potentially damaging hepatocytes and inducing fibrosis. This study aims to explore the impact of methamphetamine abuse on the liver depending on concentration levels and the duration of abuse by the evaluation of liver function, collagen type IV (CIV), and laminin (LN) levels. This case-control study involved 75 males with methamphetamine addiction who had been abusing the drug for 6-120 months and at different doses. Additionally, 75 healthy controls of matching ages (18-51) were in groups at the Medical City Department, Social Rehabilitation Center for Addictions, and the Medico-legal Institute in Baghdad from February to July 2024. The study measured biomarkers, including collagen type IV and laminin by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gamma-glutamyl Transferase (GGT), and albumin by Beckman Coulter automation system and the serum concentration of methamphetamine levels by Randox Evidence MultiSTAT Immnoanalyser (Drugs of Abuse (DOA) Toxplex Blood Array). The study revealed a significant increase in serum CIV, LN, AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT. It also revealed a correlation between liver enzymes and the duration and concentration of methamphetamine use. The study also demonstrated a positive correlation between CIV and LN levels. The study showed that methamphetamine had harmful effects on liver health. Collagen type IV and LN increased levels indicate progressive fibrosis associated with ongoing liver injury, showing a positive correlation with the duration of abuse and level of concentration of methamphetamine.
The Correlation between Cardiac and Liver Function in Children with Heart Failure Utamayasa, I Ketut Alit; Wicaksono, Henry; Karyani, Enny; Nastiti, Prima Hari; Setyoboedi, Bagus; Rahman, Mahrus A.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2478

Abstract

The liver has a complex dual blood supply, which makes it more resistant to hepatocyte necrosis due to hemodynamic disturbances. Prior hemodynamic data has indicated that an elevation in right atrial pressure in patients with heart failure may result in aberrant cholestatic markers of liver function. This cross-sectional study examined the correlation between ejection fraction and liver function in 85 children (1–18 years) with congenital or acquired heart disease. Echocardiography assessed TAPSE, Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR), E/A ratio, and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF), while liver function was evaluated using total bilirubin and SGPT. Results showed a strong negative correlation between TAPSE and total bilirubin (p=0.001, r= -0.725) and a moderate positive correlation between tricuspid regurgitation and total bilirubin (p=0.001, r=0.548). The E/A ratio, LVEF, and total bilirubin showed weak correlations, while TAPSE and SGPT had a weak negative correlation (p=0.025, r= -0.243). No correlation was found between TR, E/A ratio, LVEF, and SGPT. A strong correlation existed between heart failure severity and total bilirubin (p=0.001, r=0.603), but not with SGPT. These results highlight the correlation between the severity of heart failure and liver impairment by indicating that decreasing right ventricular function correlates to elevated total bilirubin.
Antifungal Ability as an Antimicrobial of Eucalyptus Oil (Melaleuca leucadendra) in Inhibiting the Growth of Candida albicans Retnowati, Wiwin; Abdillah, Ichsan; Bayu Nugroho , Ardiansah
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2485

Abstract

The Indonesian community recognizes eucalyptus oil as one of the traditional medicines. Eucalyptus oil is known for its antimicrobial properties, which are antibacterial, antivirus, and antifungal. This study aimed to determine the antifungal effect as an antimicrobial of eucalyptus oil (Melaleuca leucadendra) produced by MSME Sendang Arum Lamongan in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans. The research used a true experimental post-test-only control group design with the antifungal diffusion test method. Sampling was done by simple random sampling with eucalyptus oil concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90%. The data obtained was inhibition zone diameter, which was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 26 software. In this study, the diameter of the inhibition zone of positive control, negative control, 40% concentration, 60% concentration, 80% concentration, and 90% concentration was 19.63 mm, 0.00 mm, 26.36 mm, 41.15 mm, 49.69 mm, 56.09 mm, 61.36 mm, respectively. Non-parametric statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test obtained p<0.05, indicating an effect between eucalyptus oil (M.leucadendra) on the ability to inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. The Post-Hoc test with Dunnet  T3 found that the concentration of eucalyptus oil 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90% had significant differences from the positive control (Nystatin 100 IU). Eucalyptus oil can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. Therefore, eucalyptus oil has great potential as an alternative or adjunctive therapy for treating candidiasis caused by Candida albicans.
The Role of Interleukin-7 in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Literature Review Primartati, Danny Meganingdyah; Hernaningsih, Yetti; Nunki, Nastasya
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2500

Abstract

This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the genetic characteristics of acute lymphoblastic leukemia that has relapsed, discuss the relationship between interleukins and the disease, and explore targeted therapy. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines were followed in the development of the current study on acute lymphoblastic leukemia and the role of interleukins in hemato-oncology. The results reveal that relapse rates remain high and the prognosis for individuals who experience a relapse is inferior. Currently, innovative targeted medicines are employed to supplement traditional cancer treatment. The novel strategies are put into practice to lessen the load of toxicity and enhance results. From these findings, it can be concluded that combating refractory T-ALL requires the discovery of innovative medicines that directly target pathways driving Leukemia-Initiating Cell (LIC) activity.

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