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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
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Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Bullet Tuna (Auxis rochei) from Bali and Its Adjacent Waters Maya Agustina; Bram Setyadji; Made Pharmawati; I ketut Junitha
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 4 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.4.507-514

Abstract

Bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) dominates the neritic tuna catch, especially from the purse seine fleet within the western and southern Indonesian waters. However, high catches can lead to stock depletion and lower genetic diversity due to possible inbreeding. Therefore, population genetic information is important in monitoring the sustainability of fish stocks and proposing an appropriate species-specific conservation strategy. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity, population structure, and kinship relationship of bullet tuna in Bali and its adjacent waters. Sampling was carried out in September 2020 at landing sites/ports representing the north, east, south, and west region, whereas at least 30 samples were acquired at each location. The result showed that the DNA concentration obtained could produce DNA bands with allele length ranged from 94-260 bp. Observed heterozygosity (Ho) was around 0.440-0.627. While the expected heterozygosity (He) was between 0.932-0.945. The genetic variation among population, within-population, and individuals was 0.36%, 41.04%, and 58.60%, respectively. The results of the analysis of genetic diversity between individuals in the population showed very high genetic diversity. The population structure of the bullet tuna landed in West Bali, East Bali, South Bali and North Bali is the same population stock. The kinship relationship indicates that the four populations are closely related genetically.
Decolorization of Synthetic Dyes by Tropical Fungi Isolated from Taman Eden 100, Toba Samosir, North Sumatra, Indonesia Sita Heris Anita; Fenny Clara Ardiati; Kharisma Panji Ramadhan; Raden Permana Budi Laksana; Fahriya Puspita Sari; Oktan Dwi Nurhayat; Dede Heri Yuli Yanto
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 4 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.4.417-427

Abstract

Taman Eden 100 is one of the tourist parks located in Toba Samosir, North Sumatra, Indonesia that provides a wide range of biodiversity. The objective of this research was to obtain the potential fungal isolate with high laccase activity to decolorize synthetic dyes. The results show that six isolates of Perenniporia subtephropora EDN 050, Trametes hirsuta EDN 082, T. hirsuta EDN 084, T. hirsuta EDN 085, Deconica coprophila EDN 114, and T. pavonia EDN 134, which were confirmed by molecular identification using 5.8 rDNA/ITS analysis, exhibited decolorization activity. Six potential isolates showed the ability to decolorize textile dyes of Acid Blue 129, RBBR,Orange II, and Reactive Black 5. The highest decolorization rate of 100 ppm Acid Blue 129, RBBR, Orange II, and Reactive Black 5 dyes by using T. pavonia EDN 134 were 98.87%, 98.26%, 100%, and 98.11%, respectively after 96 h incubation. Almost all positive isolates also decolorized dyes at higher concentrations (1,000 ppm). This study offers the potential of Indonesian tropical fungal isolates for synthetic dyes waste treatment.
Genetic Background of β-Lactamase Genes in Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli ST131 in Indonesia Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS) Sequences Noor Andryan Ilsan; Sipriyadi Sipriyadi; Melda Yunita; Siti Nurfajriah; Maulin Inggraini
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 4 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.4.540-548

Abstract

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a group of pathogens that can colonize the outside of the intestine, such as the kidney, urinary tract, or bloodstream. This study analyzed more about the genetic background of β-lactamase genes among Indonesian ExPEC ST131. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) sequences from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) of Indonesian ExPEC ST131 were taken, then analyzed. Circular genomic mapping and genomic comparison of surrounding genes of β-lactamase in these isolates were generated. blaOXA-1 and blaDHA-1 were analyzed deeply due to their presence in a relatively long contig, making them available for analysis. Indonesian ExPEC ST131 isolates had blaOXA-1 with an identical genetic background of E. coli originating from China and Austria with aac (6’)-1b-cr5 in the downstream and cab83 in the upstream. The blaOXA-1 was also detected in other species, including Klebsiella pneumoniae INF142 originating from Australia and Salmonella enterica S146 from China. While, blaDHA-1 in EC_0406 had an identical genetic background to E. coli 142 and other species such as Shigella sonei FC1428 from India and S. flexneri M2901 from Australia, with Globulin-encoded gene in the upstream and lysR in the downstream. Our findings demonstrate the global spread of β-lactamase genes detected in Indonesian ExPEC ST131. These genes were identical to those isolated from some countries around the world.
Correlation of Heavy Metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn with Intestinal Bacteria in Anas platyrhynchos L. Duck R Susanti; Ari Yuniastuti; Muchamad Dafip; Fidia Fibriana
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 4 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.4.459-467

Abstract

Intestinal bacterial species play an essential role in the duck body metabolism and productivity. They are affected by various factors, such as heavy metal contamination. This research aims to study metal emission levels and their correlation with the composition of intestinal bacteria. A total of twenty-five duck samples (Anas platyrhynchos L.) were obtained from Semarang, Temanggung, Magelang, Pati, and Salatiga. Five g of intestinal substances were employed in the isolation 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region. Data sequence in fastqc format was then analyzed using QIIME. Also, the heavy metals in water, feed, and meat samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasm-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The highest heavy metal contaminant was Hg, with a total concentration reaching 5.55±1.79 ppm of input and 4.42±0.80 ppm in meat. The bacterial composition comprises the four highest phyla, sequentially including Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteriodetes. The relationship between heavy metals and intestinal bacteria shows a significant value with a coefficient of >0.90. Therefore, there was a correlation between heavy metals and intestinal bacteria composition, suggesting that bacteria are likely to protect ducks from the adverse effects of heavy metals in water and feed.
Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia Bio Oil-based Pyrolysis Extraction Have Prominence Antimicrobial Potential Compared to Ethanol Heat Reflux Extraction (EHRE) Andri Pramesyanti Pramono; Basra Ahmad Amru; Halimah Anggi Rahmani; Sheila Azelya Fernanda; Yudhi Nugraha; Muhammad Yusuf Arya Ramadhan; Andre Fahriz Perdana Harahap; Ahmad Fauzantoro; Nasihin Saud Irsyad; Meiskha Bahar; Oktania Sandra Puspita; Fajriati Zulfa; Kori Yati; Mahdi Jufri; Misri Gozan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 4 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.4.515-525

Abstract

Tobacco leaf contains antibacterial secondary metabolite compounds, such as phenol, alkaloids, and essential oils. This study compares the potential antibacterial effects of Indonesian tobacco leaf extracted using the heat reflux method (producing an extract) and pyrolysis method (providing a bio-oil). The tobacco leaf extract was challenged against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The bio-oil from the pyrolysis method showed inhibitory Kirby Bauer zones higher than those of the extract from heat reflux method, with the maximum results in the pyrolysis method indicating zones of 6.35 mm (S. aureus), 5.90 mm (E. faecalis), 3.97 mm (E. coli), and 5.025 mm (P. aeruginosa). Further study analyzed the effectiveness of the disc and well diffusion antibacterial test methods for measuring the antibacterial effect of bio-oils against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The bio-oil used in the well diffusion test method showed the most significant antibacterial effectiveness. It showed the biggest inhibition zone, with a maximum of 11.65 mm and 8.90 mm for E. coli and P. aeruginosa. Our results showed Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia Bio Oil from Ponorogo (Indonesia) is a strong potential antimicrobial, especially using well diffusion test.
Production, Characterization, and Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Phytase from Aspergillus niger Isolates of an Indonesia Origin Baraka Stewart Mkumbe; Sajidan Sajidan; Artini Pangastuti; Ari Susilowati; Ralf Greiner
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 4 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.4.468-478

Abstract

This research aimed at analyzing the phytase from fungal isolates SB1, SB2, BS, and WF produced in cornstarch with glucose medium (CS+Glu) as carbon sources and Potatoes dextrose broth (PDB). The activity of phytase from isolates SB1, SB2, BS, and WF produced in CS+Glu medium was 2.97 UmL-1, 2.87 UmL-1, 3.18 UmL-1, and 4.37 UmL-1, respectively, while the activity of phytases was 2.07 UmL-1, 2.17 UmL-1, 2.22 UmL-1, and 2.78 UmL-1 respectively in PDB medium. The optimal temperature of SB1 and WF phytase was 40°C, while SB2 and BS were 50°C and 60°C, respectively. The optimal pH of SB1 and WF phytase was 5.0, while SB2 and BS phytase were 6.0, and 4.0 respectively. 18S rRNA gene analysis revealed that SB1 was 99% identical to Aspergillus niger ANTS (KY825168.1), SB2, BS, and WF were 99% identical to A. niger Moriga leaf (MG889596.1). Multiple sequences and phylogenetic analysis of phytase gene showed that phyA_SB1 and phyA_SB2 were 98% homology with A. ficuum (AAB26466), 97% with A. niger (ADP05107) while phyA_WF was 99% with A. ochraceoroseus (PLB29348), 98% with A. niger (ADP05105). The deduced proteins contain conserved motifs RHGARYPTD at N-terminal while lacking HD motif at C-terminal. These phytases were in the same cluster with Aspergillus sp. phytase A indicating that they belong to Histidine Acid Phosphatases (HAP) family.
Diversity and Potential Carbon Services of In-Situ Conservation Reserve in Gunung Sepuluh Timur Forest at Balikpapan, East Kalimantan Adonis Muzanni; Tri Edhi Budhi Soesilo; Dwi Nowo Martono; Udi Syahnoedi Hamzah; Andri Wibowo; David Febraldo; Fatma Lestari
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 5 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.5.632-642

Abstract

Establishing an in-situ conservation reserve is one of the strategic approaches to conserving an ecosystem and protecting it from immediate threats, including deforestation and land-use conversion. Kalimantan is one of the islands in Indonesia that is currently threatened by deforestation. To protect East Kalimantan diversity, mainly in Balikpapan, an in-situ conservation reserve has been established in Gunung Sepuluh Timur (GST) forest. In contrast, the information on tree diversity and how the presence of tree community within the forest can benefit the ecosystem are still limited. This research aims to assess the potential benefits and carbon storage of the GST conservation forest. The assessment method applied tree, pole, and sapling surveys combined with forest cover analysis using GIS and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) approaches. The GST contained 56 tree species, 25 pole species, and 16 sapling species. Diversity (H’) at tree stages was the highest (H’ = 0.759; 95%CI: 0.64-0.88) and H’ at sapling stages was the lowest (H’ = 0.719; 95%CI: 0.51-0.92). The carbon service potential of GST forest was 87.04 t C/ha on average. It was estimated that the economic benefits of GST in sequestering carbon based on the compliance market rate were equal to US$ 189,758/year.
Molecular Characterization and Pathogenesis of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Brontok Eagle in West Java, Indonesia Liza Angeliya; Yuli Purwandari Kristianingrum; Widya Asmara; Michael Haryadi Wibowo
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 5 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.5.648-657

Abstract

Newcastle disease (ND) is a contagious disease in poultry and numerous birds of various ages. Eagle is considered a potential reservoir for ND transmission as a wild bird. This research was conducted to molecularly characterize Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from ND cases in Brontok Eagle and analyze the pathogenesis in chicken embryos. qRT-PCR was conducted as confirmation of NDV without mixing Avian Influenza (AI). Sequencing the fusion (F) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes from the three NDVs was performed with a specific primer. Amino acid sequence compared with other NDV from Genbank. Pathogenicity, genetic variation, distance, and phylogenetic studies were analyzed using bioinformatics software (MEGA-X). This study analyzed pathogenesis based on lesions and distribution of viral antigens in chicken embryos infected with NDV. Observations were based on tissue lesions with HE and IHC staining. NDV isolated from three Brontok Eagles is classified as velogenic strain, virulent NDV (KRQKRF), and belonging to Genotype VII subgenotype VII.2. The NDV was detected in various organ lesions, more severe in the pulmo, trachea, proventriculus, and intestine of chicken embryos. That is still similar to the previous case reports in the field. These results show that NDV, which infected Brontok Eagle, has similar molecular characteristics and pathogenesis in chickens. These cases could be a threat to the poultry industry. Further research, surveillance, and monitoring of wild birds are needed to obtain more NDV epidemiological information in wild birds.
Performance of Transgenic Chrysanthemum Harbouring Wasabi Defensin Gene for White Rust Disease Resistance
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 5 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.5.621-631

Abstract

This study was intended to obtain white rust (Puccinia horiana) disease resistance Chrysanthemum transformed with wasabi defensin gene through mediation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens from three explant sources, i.e., leaf, lateral shoot bud, and internode. Observations were made on transformation efficiency, PCR analysis, in vitro and ex vitro disease resistance tests. Results showed that efficiency of transgenic callus and shoot regeneration was found both highest from lateral shoot buds (57.5% and 50.0%, respectively). PCR analysis showed that three putative transgenic plantlets from lateral shoot buds and one from leaf explant were putative transgenic carrying the wasabi, hpt, and nptII genes. Rooting test showed that the highest number of rooted plants was found in treatment of hygromycin (Hg) 25 mg L-1 (81%) and lowest was in treatment combination of kanamycin (Km) 50 mg L-1 + Hg 25 mg L-1 (25%). In vitro disease resistance test with sorus inoculation of P. horiana, directly on the leaves, resulted in 20 resistant plants out of 30 putative transgenic plants (66.67%). Ex vitro testing on adult plants of the same samples in a confined closed greenhouse (CGH) resulted in average of 80% transgenic Chrysanthemum plants were resistant, whereas in control plants caused white rust disease symptom.
Effect of Chronic Toxicity Studies of Sappan Wood Extract on The Kupffer Cells Number in Rats (Rattus novergicus) Erick Khristian; Ratu Safitri; Mohammad Ghozali; Muhammad Hasan Bashari
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 5 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.5.695-700

Abstract

Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is a plant used by the community to mix drinking. The antioxidant index of Sappan wood extract has a higher value than commercial antioxidants to counteract oxidative free radicals and improve the body's defense system. The use of Sappan wood drinking in society is often used in daily so it is necessary to do a chronic toxicity test to observe the response to prolonged use of the system in the body. Kupffer cells are an important part of the innate immune system, acting as “scavengers” and phagocytes. A study that aims to see the chronic toxicity studies of the ethanolic extract of Sappan wood on the number of Kuffer cells in the liver has been carried out on 60 Wistar rats divided into 12 groups. The group was the negative control group, doses 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, 400 mg/kgBW and 500 mg/kgBW of extract Sappan wood which were divided into male and female groups. Each group was given ethanol extract of Sappan wood for one year orally. The results showed a significant increase in Kupffer cells in the female group at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW and the male group at 200 mg/kgBW with significant values, respectively, p<0.001 p = 0.004.

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