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Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 14125269     EISSN : 23546700     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia (JAI) merupakan salah satu sarana penyebarluasan informasi hasil-hasil penelitian serta kemajuan iptek dalam bidang akuakultur yang dikelola oleh Departemen Budidaya Perairan, FPIK–IPB. Sejak tahun 2005 penerbitan jurnal dilakukan 2 kali per tahun setiap bulan Januari dan Juli. Jumlah naskah yang diterbitkan per tahun relatif konsisten yaitu 23–30 naskah per tahun atau minimal 200 halaman.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 569 Documents
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Inhibition of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in whiteleg shrimp reared in a biofloc system with different volumes Bako, Surandha; Widanarni, Widanarni; Ekasari, Julie; Yuhana, Munti
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.212-223

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the inhibition of V. parahaemolyticus infection in the whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) reared in different volumes of biofloc system. Post-larval shrimp with an average body weight of 0.28 ± 0.01 g were reared in 15 aquariums with working volume of 33.3 L and stocking density of 3 shrimp per liter. The shrimp were reared for 21 days in a biofloc system (C:N ratio of 10) with biofloc volume of 5, 10, and 15 mL/L, and challenged with V. parahaemolyticus at a density of 103 CFU/mL initially. The positive control treatment involved shrimp reared without biofloc and challenged, while the negative control treatment involved shrimp reared without biofloc and without challenged. The shrimp was fed with commercial feed while the protein content of 39-40% four times a day. The results showed that the presumptive Vibrio count (PVC) and the population of V. parahaemolyticus in the biofloc treatments were significantly lower than the positive control (p<0.05). Furthermore, the biofloc treatment with a volume of 15 mL/L demonstrated the best results compared to other treatments in decreasing PVC and V. parahaemolyticus population as evidenced by the immune response, survival rate, and growth performance of whiteleg shrimp. Keywords: biofloc, immune response, Penaeus vannamei, Vibrio parahaemolyticus ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penghambatan infeksi V. parahaemolyticus pada udang vaname (Penaeus vannamei) yang dipelihara dalam sistem bioflok dengan volume yang berbeda. Post-larvae udang dengan bobot tubuh rata-rata 0,28 ± 0,01 g dipelihara dalam 15 akuarium dengan volume kerja 33.3 L dan padat tebar 3 udang per liter. Udang dipelihara selama 21 hari dalam sistem bioflok (rasio C:N 10) dengan volume bioflok 5, 10, dan 15 mL/L, dan diuji tantang dengan V. parahaemolyticus pada kepadatan awal 103 CFU/mL. Perlakuan kontrol positif melibatkan udang yang dipelihara tanpa bioflok dan diuji tantang, sementara perlakuan kontrol negatif melibatkan udang yang dipelihara tanpa bioflok dan tanpa diuji tantang. Udang diberi pakan komersial dengan kandungan protein 39-40% empat kali sehari. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa presumptive Vibrio count (PVC) dan populasi V. parahaemolyticus dalam perlakuan bioflok signifikan lebih rendah daripada kontrol positif (p<0,05). Selain itu, perlakuan bioflok dengan volume 15 mL/L menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lain dalam menurunkan PVC dan populasi V. parahaemolyticus sebagaimana dibuktikan oleh respons imun, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, dan kinerja pertumbuhan udang vaname. Kata kunci: bioflok, Penaeus vanname, respons imun, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Dietary evaluation of cinnamaldehyde supplementation with different protein energy levels and ratios in Pacific whitleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Hendriana, Andri; Setiawati, Mia; Jusadi, Dedi; Suprayudi, Muhammad Agus; Ekasari, Julie; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.1.79-91

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance and carbohydrate metabolism of Pacific whiteleg shrimp after feeding with different cinnamaldehyde concentrations and protein-energy ratios. The study used a completely randomized design with six treatments in triplicates. The treatments were S003213; treatment S053213; treatment S052814; treatment S102814; treatment S052815; and treatment S102815. The study was conducted for 56 days in a 76 L volume aquarium using shrimps with 1.38 ± 0.01 g at 200 individuals/m3. The results showed that the S053213 treatment was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to other treatments for the specific growth rate (SGR). Hexokinase (hk) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) produced by the S053213 treatment were significantly different (P<0.05) from the S003213 treatment. The S052815 and S102815 treatments produced higher protein retention (PR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) compared to other treatments (P<0.05) and also produced the same final average weight (FW) as the S003213 treatment. This research shows that vannamei fed by 0.10% supplementation dose of cinnamaldehyde with a decreased feed protein up to 28% and C/P ratio 14 and 15 are able to utilize feed as well as protein 32% without cinnamaldehyde. The addition of cinnamaldehyde with a higher C/P ratio requires a higher dose of cinnamaldehyde than the optimal dose. Keywords: Carbohydrate metabolism, cinnamaldehyde, growth, feed energy ratio, Pacific whiteleg shrimp ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja pertumbuhan dan metabolisme karbohidrat udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei yang diberikan kadar sinamaldehid pada protein dan rasio energi pakan berbeda. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Adapun perlakuan terdiri dari perlakuan kontrol S003213; perlakuan S053213; perlakuan S052814; perlakuan S102814; perlakuan S052815; dan perlakuan S102815. Penelitian dilakukan selama 56 hari pemeliharaan pada akuarium volume 76 L menggunakan udang vaname berukuran 1,38 ± 0,01 g dengan kepadatan 200 individuals/m3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan S053213 berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya untuk parameter laju pertumbuhan spesifik (SGR). Parameter heksokinase (hk) dan phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) yang tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan S053213 dan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dengan perlakuan S003213. Pada perlakuan S052815 dan S102815 menghasilkan retensi protein (PR) dan rasio efisiensi protein (PER) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya (P<0,05) serta menghasilkan bobot rata-rata akhir (FW) sama dengan perlakuan S003213. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa udang vaname yang diberikan suplementasi sinamaldehid sebesar 0,10% dengan protein pakan 28% dan rasio C/P menjadi 14 dan 15 mampu pemanfaatan protein pakan yang sama dengan protein pakan 32% tanpa suplementasi sinamaldehid. Penambahan sinamaldehid dengan rasio C/P yang lebih tinggi membutuhkan dosis sinamaldehid yang lebih tinggi dari dosis optimal. Kata kunci: metabolisme karbohidrat, pertumbuhan, rasio energi pakan, sinamaldehid, udang vaname
Application of probiotic microcapsules Bacillus cereus BR2 with different doses for the prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1 infection in catfish Clarias sp. Faoziyatunnisa, Nurul; Yuhana, Munti; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Nuryati, Sri; Afiff, Usamah
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.134-146

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the administration of microencapsulated probiotic Bacillus cereus BR2 through feed atdifferent doses on the survival, immune response, and digestive enzyme activity of catfish Clarias sp. infected with Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1. The research design consisted of five treatments and three replications: (K-) feeding without the supplementation of probiotics fish injected with Phosphate-buffered saline solution; (K+) feeding without the supplementation of probiotics, fish injected with A. hydrophila NFC1 cell suspension (106 CFU/mL); (P1) feeding with supplementation of B. cereus BR2 microcapsules at a dose of 0.5% (w/w); (P2) feeding with the supplementation of B. cereus BR2 microcapsules at a dose of 1% (w/w; (P3) feeding with the supplementation of B. cereus BR2 microcapsules at a dose of 2% (w/w). All treatments of P1, P2, and P3 were intramuscularly injected with A. hydrophila NFC1 cell suspension. Catfish in average body weight of 3.73 ± 0.22 g were reared in tanks filled with 30 liters of water, at a density of 15 fish per container. A feed supplementation trial was performed for 40 days with feeding times three times a day; and a 5% feeding rate reevaluated based on biomass. Fish rearing was continued after the challenge test with A. hydrophila NFC1 for 10 days. The results showed that the application of supplemented feed containing B. cereus BR2 probiotic microcapsules increased the survival rate, immune response, and digestive enzyme activities of catfish which was infected with A. hydrophila NFC1, 2% microcapsule supplementation demonstrated the best result. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1, Bacillus cereus BR2, catfish, microcapsule, probiotics ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemberian mikrokapsul probiotik Bacillus cereus BR2 melalui pakan dengan dosis berbeda terhadap sintasan, respons imun, dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan ikan lele Clarias sp. yang diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu (K-) pemberian pakan tanpa suplementasi probiotik dan diinjeksi PBS; (K+) pemberian pakan tanpa suplementasi probiotik dan diinfeksi A. hydrophila NFC1; (P1) pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul B. cereus BR2 dosis 0,5% (b/b); (P2) pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul B. cereus BR2 dosis 1%; (P3) pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul B. cereus BR2 dosis 2%, masing-masing diinfeksi A. hydrophila NFC1. Benih lele dengan ukuran bobot rata-rata sekitar 3.73 ± 0.22 g dipelihara di dalam akuarium bervolume 30 L dengan kepadatan 15 ekor per wadah selama 40 hari, dengan pemberian pakan bersuplemen sebanyak tiga kali sehari, dengan 5% pemberian pakan yang dievaluasi berdasarkan bobot biomassa. Pemeliharaan ikan dilanjutkan setelah uji tantang dengan A. hydrophila NFC1 (106 CFU/mL) yang dilakukan hingga 10 hari pasca injeksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi mikrokapsul probiotik B. cereus BR2 melalui pakan mampu meningkatkan sintasan, respons imun, dan aktivitas enzim pencernaan ikan lele yang diinfeksi A. hydrophila NFC1, dengan suplementasi mikrokapsul 2% sebagai hasil terbaik. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila NFC1, Bacillus cereus BR2, ikan lele, mikrokapsul, probiotik
Production performance and water quality of Caulerpa lentillifera with fermented fruit vegetable fertilizer Supriyono, Eddy; Chrisliana, Chrisliana; Puji Hastuti, Yuni; Lila Antara, Kadek; Ee Ling, Yong; Nurussalam, Wildan
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.224-236

Abstract

The use of fermented vegetable and fruit waste (FVF) based fertilizers as an effort to reduce waste has the potential to be used to support aquaculture activities. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Caulerpa lentillifera cultivation with the addition of fertilizer based on fruit and vegetable waste fermentation on water quality parameters and production performance. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with three replications for four different doses of FVF fertilizer treatments, namely 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 µl/L. This study used an initial weight of 500 g which was reared in a concrete tank with a capacity of 1000 L for 30 days growth period. The results showed that the use of FVF of 0.1 µl/L gave a better net harvest weight (p<0.05), namely 0.08 ± 0.06 kg. Keywords: Caulerpa lentillifera, fermentation, fertilizer, seaweed, waste ABSTRAK Penggunaan pupuk berbasis fermentasi limbah sayur dan buah (FVF) sebagai salah satu upaya pengurangan limbah memberikan potensi sebagai larutan pendukung kegiatan budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas budidaya Caulerpa lentillifera dengan penambahan pupuk berbasis fermentasi limbah buah dan sayur terhadap parameter kualitas air dan kinerja produksi. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga kali ulangan pada empat perlakuan pupuk, yaitu 0, 0.05, 0.1, dan 0.2 µl/L. Penelitian ini menggunakan bobot awal 500 g yang dipelihara dalam bak beton berkapasitas 1000 L. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan FVF sebesar 0.1 µl/L memberikan bobot panen bersih yang lebih baik (p<0.05) yaitu 0.08 ± 0.06 kg. Kata kunci: Caulerpa lentillifera, fermentasi, limbah, pupuk, rumput laut
Effect of different extenders and cryoprotectants on sperm viability of mud crab, Scylla tranquebarica for short term storage Zakaria, Siti Nor Fatihah; Hazwani, Nur; Chen, Cheng-Ann
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.168-175

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the extenders such as calcium-free saline, Ringer’s solution and phosphate buffer and to determine the effect of different concentrations of cryoprotectants with different duration of exposure for short term storage of mud crab, Scylla tranquebarica sperm cells. A total of 30 mud crabs were used in the present study. In the present study, three treatments with three replicates were tested to determine the suitable extender. Besides, three treatments (dimethyl sulfoxide, glycine and glycerol) were tested to determine the suitable cryoprotectants. Eight treatments (25, 20, 16, 4, 2, -4, -20 and -80 °C) were assessed to determine the optimal cooling rate. The result showed the phosphate buffer solution produced the highest sperm viability (82.36 ± 5.84 %) after 60 min compared the Calcium free saline and Ringer’s solution. The results for sperm viability at -4 °C, -20 C and -80 °C after 24 hours were 95.63 0.13 % (5 % glycine), 91.51 ± 1.91 % (5 % DMSO) and 93.97 ± 0.43 % (5 % glycine). By using the 5 % glycine as the best cryoprotectant, the results for the sperm viability in 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, day 7, day 14 and day 21 at 80 °C were 95.17 ± 0.92 %, 94.11 ± 0.64 %, 93.31 ± 0.51 %, 90.84 ± 2.05 % and 82.82 ± 0.41 %. In a nutshell, the phosphate buffer and 5 % glycine were the best extender and cryoprotectant in the present study.
Evaluation of corn steep liquor on the digestibility and growth performance of juvenile common carp strain Sinyonya Hermawan, Dodi; Anugrah Agung, Lukman; Juwita Sari, Indah; Wahyudin, Haeru; Tarigan, Immanuel
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.189-200

Abstract

This study aimed to observe the digestibility performance, digestive enzyme activity, and growth performance of the common carp using corn-steep liquor (CSL). The reference diet used commercial feed with 30% protein, and the test diet used CSL at 0% (CSL0), 10% (CSL10), 20% (CSL20), and 30% (CSL30). Common carp (9.38 ± 0.73 g) were stocked at 10 fish per aquarium. Feeding was performed until apparent satiation thrice daily for the 45-day maintenance period. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. The results showed that CSL contained 44.04% protein and an essential amino acid index of 0.80. The additional dose of CSL reduced feed pH and stomach pH compared to the control due to the lactic acid content. In addition, CSL elevated the activity of protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes in the digestive tract of common carp. By applying 20% dose in formulated diet, CSL could increase the total digestibility, ingredient digestibility, protein digestibility, lipid digestibility, and energy digestibility. The high feed digestibility value in the CSL20 treatment was due to the fish ability to utilize carbohydrates and fats as non-protein energy sources, thus producing higher final weight, daily growth rate, and feed conversion ratio. The results of this study indicate that CSL can be used as a source of plant protein for the common carp diet, whereas an administration of CSL at 20% in diet improves the digestibility performance, digestive enzyme activity, and growth performance of common carp. Keywords: common carp, corn steep liquor, digestibility, enzyme, growth ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat kinerja kecernaan, aktivitas enzim pencernaan dan pertumbuhan ikan mas Sinyonya (Cyprinus carpio) menggunakan bahan baku corn steep liquor (CSL) sebagai sumber protein nabati. Pakan acuan menggunakan pakan komersial dengan protein 30% dan pakan uji menggunakan CSL sebanyak 0% (CSL0), 10% (CSL10), 20% (CSL20) dan 30% (CSL30). Pengukuran kecernaan menggunakan indikator Cr2O3 0,5 %. Ikan mas Sinyonya dengan bobot tubuh rata-rata 9,38 ± 0,73 g dipelihara dalam akuarium 60×50×40 cm3 dengan kepadatan 10 ekor per akuarium. Pakan diberikan secara at satiation sebanyak 3 kali sehari selama 45 hari masa pemeliharaan. Penelitian menggunakan desain rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan masing-masing empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CSL mengandung protein sebesar 44,04%, dan indeks asam amino essensial 0,80. Penambahan dosis CSL secara signifikan menurunkan pH pakan dan pH lambung dibandingkan dengan kontrol karena kandungan asam laktat. Sampai dengan dosis CSL 20%, dapat meningkatkan aktivitas enzim protease, amilase dan lipase pada saluran pencernaan ikan mas Sinyonya. Di samping itu, penambahan CSL 20% meningkatkan nilai kecernaan total, kecernaan bahan, kecernaan lemak dan kecernaan energi. Nilai kecernaan pakan yang tinggi pada perlakuan CSL20 disebabkan karena kemampuan ikan dalam memanfaatkan karbohidrat dan lemak sebagai sumber energi non-protein. Disamping itu penambahan CSL sampai dengan dosis 20% meningkatkan bobot akhir, laju pertumbuhan harian dan rasio konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CSL dapat digunakan sebagai sumber protein nabati untuk pakan ikan mas Sinyonya dan pemberian CSL pada level 20% dapat meningkatkan kinerja kecernaan, aktivitas enzim pencernaan dan pertumbuhan ikan. Kata kunci: corn steep liquor, enzim, ikan mas Sinyonya, kecernaan, pertumbuhan
Distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei through immersion as a natural infection model Sari Anggraeni, Sukma; Sukenda; Nuryati, Sri; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.176-188

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a pathogenic bacterium that indusces mortality is pacific white shrimp. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of V. parahaeomyticus in shrimp through immersion and evaluate, polymerase chain reaction, histopathology, and immune response. The study employed two treatments with four replicates each. Shrimp were infected through immersion with V. parahaemolyticus at a concentration of 107 CFU/mL for 30 minutes, followed by transferring the shrimp to a rearing container. Gill, hepatopancreas, gut, and hemolymph samples were collected at 6, 12, and 24 hours post-infection. Infected shrimp exhibited clinical symptoms such as a pale body and hepatopancreas, along with empty gut. Shrimp mortality reached 97.08%, while no mortality occurred in the control grouph. The abundance of V. parahaemolyticus in organs exceeded 105 CFU/mL. Histopathological examination revealed mild, moderate, and severe damage. PCR confirmation tests at 12 and 24 hours yielded positive results, with a DNA band at 230 bp. Immune responses, including total hemocytes, phagocytic activity, phenoloxidase, and respiratory burst, demonstrated significantly different results (P<0.05). It was concluded that the distribution of V. parahaemolyticus in the shrimp body, specifically in the gills, hepatopancreas, and gut, exceed 105 CFU/mL, as confirmed by a 230 bp DNA band in the PCR test. Tissue damage, manifested as lesions and necrosis, occurred in the gills, hepatopancreas, and gut. Additionally, the imun response of Vibrio-infected shrimp was found to be lower than that of uninfected shrimp (negative control). Keywords: distribution, immersion, Litopenaeus vannamei, Vibrio parahaemolyticus ABSTRAK Vibrio parahaemolyticus adalah bakteri patogen yang menyebabkan kematian pada udang vaname. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis distribusi V. parahaemolyticus pada udang melalui perendaman serta kerusakan yang ditimbulkan melalui pengamatan gejala klinis, angka lempeng total bakteri, polymerase chain reaction, histopatologi dan respons imun. Penelitian menggunakan dua perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Udang diinfeksi melalui perendaman menggunakan V. parahaemolyticus 107 CFU/mL selama 30 menit, kemudian udang dipindah pada wadah pemeliharaan. Pengambilan organ insang, hepatopankreas, usus dan hemolim dilakukan pada jam ke-6, 12, dan 24 pascainfeksi. Udang terinfeksi memiliki gejala klinis seperti tubuh dan hepatopankreas pucat, usus kosong. Mortalitas udang mencapai 97.08% dan tidak ada kematian pada udang kontrol. Kelimpahan V. parahaemolyticus pada organ lebih dari 105 CFU/mL. Pengamatan histopatologi menunjukkan kerusakan ringan, sedang, hingga parah. Uji konfirmasi PCR jam ke-12 dan ke-24 menunjukkan hasil positif pada 230 bp. Respons imun seperti total hemosit, aktivitas fagositik, phenoloxidase, respiratory burst menujukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P<0.05). Disimpulkan bahwa distribusi V. parahaemolyticus di dalam tubuh udang pada terdapat pada insang, hepatopankreas dan usus lebih dari 105 CFU/mL dan terkonfirmasi uji PCR pada pita DNA 230 bp. Kerusakan jaringan seperti lesi dan nekrosis terjadi pada insang, hepatopankreas, dan usus. Respons imun udang yang terinfeksi Vibrio lebih rendah dibandingkan udang yang tidak terinfeksi (kontrol negatif). Kata kunci: distribusi, Litopenaeus vannamei, perendaman, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
The potential of bacteriophage for controlling Vibrio parahaemolyticus as in-vitro Ansani Takwin, Bagus; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Widanarni, Widanarni; Nasrullah, Hasan
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.122-133

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection is a major threat to Pacific white shrimp aquaculture, causing significant shrimp mortality. Bacteriophages (phages) provide a promising antibiotic alternative due to their specificity towards specific bacteria. This research includes essential steps isolating phages from shrimp pond water and characterizing them, including plaque morphology, spot tests, phage density evaluations, host range assessments, and in vitro studies targeting V. parahaemolyticus. In-vitro tests encompassed six treatments, each with three replicates: negative control (K-), positive control (K+), antibiotic control, phage density of 107 (FB7), phage density of 108 (FB8), and phage density of FB109 (FB9). Phages were successfully isolated from shrimp pond water in Banyuwangi, indicated by plaque formation on double-layer agar media. These phages exhibited morphological characteristics, featuring small, round plaques (d= 0.02-0.5 ± 0.08 cm) with flat, wavy edges and clear plaque. Phage plaques were amplified with an average density of 3.5×109 PFU/mL. Host range tests revealed that only V. parahaemolyticus Situbondo was susceptible to the isolated phages, while five other bacterial strains were not. In bacterial inhibition tests, treatments with different phage densities significantly outperformed the negative control, media control, and antibiotic control. However, the antibiotic control performed better than phage density treatments (0.61 ± 0.01). All phage density treatments effectively reduced V. parahaemolyticus density compared to the negative control, with the most favorable results observed in the FB9 treatment at a density of 109 PFU/mL. Keywords: Aquaculture, antibiotic, bacteriophage, vannamei shrimp, Vibrio parahaemolyticus ABSTRAK Penyakit akibat infeksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus menjadi perhatian utama dalam budidaya udang vaname saat ini karena dapat menyebabkan kematian massal pada udang. Penggunaan bakteriofage (fage) dapat menjadi alternatif solusi untuk menggantikan antibiotik, karena fage bersifat spesifik pada bakteri tertentu. Penelitian ini meliputi beberapa tahapan, yaitu isolasi fage dari beberapa sumber air tambak, karakterisasi fage meliputi morfologi plak fage, spot test, dan uji kisaran inang, serta uji in vitro penghambatan V. parahaemolyticus oleh fage. Uji in vitro dilakukan dengan enam perlakuan dan masing masing tiga ulangan yaitu kontrol negatif (K-), kontrol positif (K+), kontrol antibiotik, kepadatan fage 107 (FB7), kepadatan fage 108 (FB8), dan kepadatan fage 109 (FB9). Penelitian ini berhasil mengisolasi fage yang bersumber dari air tambak udang di Banyuwangi ditandai dengan terbentuknya plak pada media double layer agar, dengan ciri morfologisnya berbentuk titik-titik dan bulat besar (d= 0,02 ± 0,08 cm), tepian rata dan bergelombang serta memiliki warna plak yang bening. Plak fage dapat diperbanyak dengan densitas fage rata-rata 3,5×109 PFU/mL. Untuk uji kisaran inang menggunakan 6 jenis bakteri dengan sumber dan strain yang berbeda, menunjukkan bahwa hanya bakteri V. parahaemolyticus Situbondo yang dapat lisis oleh fage hasil isolasi, sedangkan lima jenis bakteri lainnya tidak. Pada daya hambat bakteri, perlakuan dengan penambahan pada setiap densitas fage berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif, kontrol media dan kontrol antibiotik, walaupun kontrol antibiotik lebih baik dari perlakuan densitas fage (0,61 ± 0,01). Semua perlakuan kepadatan fage mampu mengurangi kepadatan V. parahaemolyticus dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol negatif. Hasil terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan FB9 yaitu 109 PFU/mL. Kata kunci: akuakultur, antibiotik, bakteriofage, udang vaname, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Characterization of CO1 and 18S rDNA genes from Indonesian native ornamental shrimp Caridina boehmei cultured in Jakarta Romadhona, Ekky Ilham; Megawati, Novi; Widantara, Handang; Sutanti, Sutanti; Rahman Ardiansyah, Arif; Mariya Dewi, Kiki; Fitri Larassagita, Annisa; Firman, Aditia; Risky, Moh; Rahmat, Rahmat; Ayub, Ayub
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.147-156

Abstract

Caridina boehmei is an ornamental shrimp native to Sulawesi that has been successfully cultured and marketed in Indonesia. However, molecular information about this shrimp is not yet available. This study aimed to characterize cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) and small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rDNA) genes. Shrimp samples were extracted, and DNA was amplified using CO1 and 18S rDNA primers. The sequencing results were then analyzed by the neighbor-joining method. The 654 bp partial coding sequence (cds) of the CO1 and 380 bp partial cds of 18S rDNA have been successfully amplified from genomic DNA. The CO1 sequencing produced fragments consisting of 25.84% adenine, 20.95% cytosine, 19.11% guanine, and 34.10% thymine. The 18S rDNA sequencing produced fragments consisting of 24.47% adenine, 26.05% cytosine, 28.16% guanine, and 21.32% thymine. Phylogenetic analysis based on the CO1 gene revealed that C. boehmei was grouped with C. variabilis (MK190014), C. brachydactyla (MK190011), and Caridina sp. (MK190012). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 18S rDNA gene revealed that C. boehmei was identical to Caridina sp. Suphan Buri-1 MF622000, C. serratirostris KP725708, C. multidentata JF346236, C. formosae GQ131924, and Caridina sp. Suphan Buri-2 MF622001. The lowest-highest pairwise distance based on CO1 and 18S rDNA was consecutively 0.0017-0.2247 (0.17-22.47%) and 0.0000-0.1218 (0-12.18%). Keywords: 18S rDNA, Caridina boehmei, CO1, DNA barcoding, ornamental shrimp ABSTRAK Caridina boehmei merupakan udang hias asli Sulawesi yang telah berhasil dibudidayakan dan dipasarkan di Indonesia. Kendati demikian, informasi molekuler mengenai udang ini belum tersedia. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu melakukan karakterisasi menggunakan gen sitokrom c oksidase subunit I (CO1) dan RNA ribosomal subunit kecil (18S rDNA). Sampel udang diekstraksi kemudian DNA diamplifikasi dengan menggunakan primer CO1 dan 18S rDNA. Hasil sekuensing kemudian dianalisis dengan metode neighbor-joining. Sekuen koding (coding sequence, cds) parsial 654 bp dari CO1 dan cds parsial 380 bp dari gen 18S rDNA) telah berhasil diamplifikasi dari DNA genom. Sekuensing CO1 menghasilkan fragmen yang terdiri dari 25,84% adenin, 20,95% sitosin, 19,11% guanin, dan 34,10% timin, sedangkan 18S rDNA menghasilkan fragmen yang terdiri dari 24,47% adenin, 26,05% sitosin, 28,16% guanin, dan 21,32% timin. Analisis filogenetik berdasarkan gen CO1 menunjukkan bahwa C. boehmei sekelompok dengan C. variabilis (MK190014), C. brachydactyla (MK190011), dan Caridina sp. (MK190012). Analisis filogenetik berdasarkan gen 18S rDNA menunjukkan bahwa C. boehmei identik dengan Caridina sp. Suphan Buri-1 MF622000, C. serratirostris KP725708, C. multidentata JF346236, C. formosae GQ131924, and Caridina sp. Suphan Buri-2 MF622001. Jarak berpasangan terendah hingga tertinggi berdasarkan CO1 dan 18S rDNA berturut-turut adalah 0,0017-0,2247 (0,17-22,47%) dan 0,0000-0,1218 (0-12,18%). Kata kunci: 18S rDNA, Caridina boehmei, CO1, DNA barcode, udang hias
Sex determination and acclimation response of dwarf snakehead fish Channa limbata from West Java Tri Soelistyowati, Dinar; Oman Sudrajat, Agus; Arfah, Harton; Alimuddin, Alimuddin; Hafidah, Riva; Hanggara, Yudha; Edison, Thomas
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.23.2.201-211

Abstract

The Channa limbata fish is a type of tropical freshwater fish of the Channidae family which is relatively small as an aquarium ornamental fish with a distinctive color at the tip of its dorsal fin and has a snake-like head (dwarf snakehead). Natural snakehead fishing activities have threatened its sustainability. Breeding C. limbata fish through cultivation can increase its potential for sustainable use. This study aims to evaluate the acclimation response of wild-type dwarf snakehead fish in captivity and its sexual characteristics as a basis for domestication and hatchery technology. The fish samples used were natural catches from rivers in West Java measuring <100 mm to >150 mm of body length then individually acclimated indoors in an aquarium (35×20×20 cm) for 14 days. Snakehead fish live in shallow, slow-flowing river waters with a temperature of 20.2-21.3°C, TDS 16-24 mg/L at neutral pH, while the rearing water temperature and TDS are higher (temperature: 24.9-27.6°C; TDS: 88-110 mg/L). The fish mortality rate during acclimation reached 25% in fish measuring >150 mm of length on tenth day, while fish measuring <150 mm more adaptive with 100% survival. The male fish measuring 100-150 mm have 13-15 pectoral fin rays while female fish have fewer (13-14). The gonad development level of male C. limbata in nature is slower than female fish measuring 100-150 mm with a gonadosomatic index of ovaries reached 10 times higher than testicular. Keywords: acclimation, C. limbata, gonadosomatic index, ovaries ABSTRAK Ikan Channa limbata merupakan jenis ikan air tawar tropis dari famili Channidae yang berukuran relatif kecil sebagai ikan hias akuarium dengan warna yang khas pada ujung sirip punggungnya dan bentuk kepala mirip ular (dwarf snakehead). Aktivitas penangkapan ikan gabus alam telah mengancam kelestariannya. Pembibitan ikan C.limbata melalui budidaya dapat meningkatkan potensi pemanfaatannya secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respons aklimatisasi ikan gabus alam di dalam penangkaran dan karakterisasi seksualnya sebagai landasan teknologi pembenihan ikan gabus C. limbata yang tepat. Sampel ikan yang digunakan merupakan hasil tangkapan alam dari sungai di Jawa Barat berukuran <100 mm hingga >150 mm kemudian diaklimasi indoor di akuarium (35×20×20 cm) selama 14 hari. Ikan gabus hidup di perairan sungai yang dangkal berarus lambat dengan suhu 20,2-21,3°C, TDS 16-24 mg/L dan pH netral, sedangkan suhu air pemeliharaan dan TDS lebih tinggi (suhu: 24,9-27,6°C; TDS: 88-110 mg/L). Angka kematian ikan selama aklimatisasi mencapai 25% pada ikan berukuran >150 mm hari ke 10, sedangkan ikan berukuran <150 mm lebih adaptif dengan sintasan 100%. Ikan jantan C.limbata berukuran 100-150 mm memiliki jari-jari sirip pektoral berjumlah 13-15, sedangkan ikan betina lebih sedikit (13-14). Tingkat perkembangan gonad ikan jantan lebih lambat dari pada ikan betina dengan indeks gonadosomatik ovarium mencapai 10 kali lipat lebih tinggi dibandingkan testis. Kata kunci: aklimatisasi, Channa limbata, indeks gonadosomatik, ovarium

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