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Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Nusa Cendana Jl. Adi Sucipto, Penfui P.O. Box 104, Kupang 85001 Nusa Tenggara Timur
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Jurna Beta Kimia
Published by Universitas Nusa Cendana
ISSN : 28077962     EISSN : 28077938     DOI : https://doi.org/10.201185/jbk.v3i1
Core Subject : Science, Education, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Education
Jurnal Beta Kimia (JBK) dengan e-ISSN: 2807-7938 (online) dan p-ISSN: 2807-7962 (print) adalah Jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Nusa Cendana. Jurnal ini dengan frekuensi terbitan 2 (dua) kali setahun yaitu pada bulan Mei dan November. Jurnal ini berfokus pada bidang Pendidikan dan Sains Kimia. Naskah artikel yang diterbitkan dalam Jurnal ini adalah Original Article, Short Communication dan review article yang bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi dalam diskusi penelitian, pengalaman, pengembangan, pengajaran dan diseminasi terkait bidang pendidikan kimia dan sains kimia. Fokus dan ruang lingkup Jurnal Beta Kimia adalah: Pendidikan dan pengajaran Kimia Pendidikan Sains Media pembelajaran kimia Kimia sekolah Kimia organik Kimia anorganik Kimia fisika Biokimia dan bioteknologi Kimia material Kimia lingkungan Redaksi menerima artikel-artikel dari para pendidik (dosen dan guru), pemerhati Pendidikan kimia, Peneliti Pendidikan Kimia untuk diterbitkan dan Artikel yang diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini merupakan artikel yang belum dan tidak akan diterbitkan di tempat lain.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 102 Documents
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XRD Characterization and Structural Insights of Activated Carbon-ZnO Composite for Potential Photocatalytic Applications Lestari, Devi; Masriah, Imas; Hasibuan, Adelia Yesya Putri; Pratiwi, Pina Budiarti
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Volume 5 Issue 2, November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v5i2.25811

Abstract

This study presents a structural characterization of an activated carbon-ZnO (AC/ZnO) composite synthesized via a simple sol-gel route using activated carbon derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), introducing a sustainable biomass based carbon source as a functional photocatalytic support. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed sharp diffraction peaks corresponding to the wurtzite ZnO phase, together with a broad amorphous carbon halo, confirming the successful incorporation of crystalline ZnO within the carbon matrix. Microstructural parameters, including crystallite size, lattice strain, and dislocation density, indicate nanoscale structural ordering accompanied by beneficial defect sites that promote charge trapping. Structural interpretation was further validated through Rietveld refinement, which confirmed a single-phase ZnO structure with good fitting quality, demonstrating the structural stability and compatibility of ZnO within the carbon framework. Photocatalytic evaluation using methylene blue showed a higher removal efficiency under natural sunlight (95%) compared to dark adsorption (85%), evidencing a synergistic adsorption-photocatalysis mechanism. The novelty of this work lies in integrating low temperature sol–gel synthesis, waste derived activated carbon, and XRD based microstrain and refinement analyses to establish a clear structure–function relationship in AC/ZnO composites. These findings highlight the practical potential of this material as a low cost, scalable, and solar responsive photocatalyst for sustainable wastewater treatment applications, particularly in resource limited and tropical regions.
Effectiveness of Essential Oils as Natural Bioinsecticides for Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Causing Dengue Fever (DHF): A Systematic Literature Review ulum, Mifahul; Ruswandi, M Zahran; Kadarohman, Asep
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.26950

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the endemic diseases in Indonesia caused by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Excessive use of synthetic insecticides in mosquito control efforts can have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, more environmentally friendly alternatives are needed, such as natural bioinsecticides from essential oils. This article is a literature review that aims to examine the effectiveness of various essential oils, including those from clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum), lime (Citrus aurantifolia), betel leaf (Piper betle Linn), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), and young areca nut (Areca catechu) as bioinsecticides against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The method used was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a PRISMA approach to literature published between 2010 and 2025. Of the 4,916 articles found, five experimental articles were selected for in-depth analysis. The results showed that all essential oils had potential as bioinsecticides, with clove oil showing the highest effectiveness (LC₅₀ value = 3.434%) and young areca nut oil showing the fastest action (LT₅₀ = 56.967 minutes). The content of active compounds such as eugenol, linalool, tannin, and terpenoids in essential oils plays an important role in the mechanism of toxicity and repellency against mosquitoes. Clove oil is the most effective, safe, and environmentally friendly alternative in controlling mosquitoes that cause dengue fever.
The Use of Zep Quiz as a Digital Quiz-Based Learning Tool in Teaching Basic Chemical Laws on Student Learning Motivation Nurfajriah, Mufliha; Rahman, Nurul Athiah; Meylani, Karina; Kaffila, Aufa Rahmani; Bahriah, Evi Sapinatul
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27462

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the use of digital learning media Zep Quiz on student learning motivation in the material of Basic Chemical Laws at SMA Ciputat. This study used a quantitative descriptive method. The research sample was 71 grade X students determined by purposive sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire consisting of 25 question items with two main aspects, namely internal and external motivation using a four-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, agree, strongly agree). The data obtained by calculating the average percentage and explained descriptively. The results showed that student learning motivation was in the high category, with an average score of 82.65. This indicates that the use of Zep Quiz is related to high student learning motivation.
Effect of Variations in Acetic Acid Concentration on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Sweet Potato Starch Isolation Results Aristha, Marcel; Saraswati, Ni Luh Putu Ananda
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27499

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in acetic acid concentration (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2%) on the physicochemical characteristics of starch. The parameters analyzed included moisture content, water absorption, swelling power, and solubility, as well as structural characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Data analysis was carried out with one-way ANOVA at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the variation in acetic acid concentration had a significant effect on water content and swelling power (p < 0.05). The value of swelling power increases at certain concentrations and decreases at higher concentrations, indicating a change in the granules. Conversely, water absorption and solubility were not significantly different (p > 0.05). FTIR analysis showed that the addition of acetic acid did not cause covalent chemical modifications, but rather only affected the physical interactions and hydrogen bonds of starch granules.
Kinetics of Ammonia Biodegradation Using EM4 with Palm Sugar as an External Carbon Source Puteri, Denanda Clarasati; Arvianto, Rizky Ibnufaatih; Suhirman, Suhirman; Ardian, Adna Ivan; Putra, Muhamad Iqbal; Luthfi, Muhammad Zulfikar; Wiratama, Ihsan; Jerry, Jerry; Nury, Dennis Farina
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27517

Abstract

Biological treatment of ammonia requires sufficient carbon availability to maintain stable microbial activity and sustain optimal degradation rates. This study evaluates the kinetics of ammonia biodegradation using an EM4 microbial consortium supplemented with palm sugar as an external carbon source in aerobic batch reactors. Initial ammonia concentrations of 10, 30, and 50 ppm were evaluated over six days of operation. Monitored parameters included ammonia concentration, pH, and biomass (MLSS), while kinetic evaluation applied a pseudo–first‑order model via the ln(St/S0)–time relationship. The results showed removal efficiencies of 79.0–83.4%, accompanied by MLSS increases from ~2,000 to ~4,600 mg/L with higher initial concentrations. The pH range of 5.8–8.5 remained conducive to microbial activity. The ln(St/S0) curves exhibited strong linearity, confirming the suitability of the pseudo–first‑order model, and the reaction rate constants increased under higher substrate and biomass conditions. These findings indicate that palm sugar is effective as an external carbon source for sustaining process stability and accelerating ammonia removal. The integration of EM4 with a natural carbon source demonstrates potential as an efficient, economical, and readily implementable biological approach for ammonia treatment in wastewater.
The Effect of Papain Enzyme Concentration on Protein Content and Antioxidant Activity of Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) Protein Hydrolysate Moleong, Rahel Syallomita; Fatimah, Feti; Kumajas, Jenny
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27560

Abstract

Protein deficiency is one of the most common nutritional problems found in Indonesia. Skipjack tuna is a source of high-quality protein; however, it is highly perishable and therefore requires processing to extend its shelf life. One alternative processing method is the production of protein hydrolysates, which also possess antioxidant activity; nevertheless, optimization of enzyme concentration is required to obtain protein hydrolysates with optimal characteristics. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in papain enzyme concentration on protein content and antioxidant activity of skipjack tuna protein hydrolysates, where the hydrolysis process was carried out using papain enzyme concentrations of 4%, 5%, and 6% at a temperature of 55°C for 2 hours, and the research data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine differences among treatments. Protein content was determined using the Kjeldahl method, while antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The results of protein content analysis showed the best value at an enzyme concentration of 6% at 1.22%, and the results of the antioxidant activity test showed the highest value of 66.04% at an enzyme concentration of 6%; in conclusion, an increase in enzyme concentration affects the increase in protein content and antioxidant activity of the hydrolysate, and these findings indicate that optimizing papain enzyme concentration is important in producing skipjack tuna protein hydrolysates with better functional characteristics, thus having the potential to be developed as a functional food ingredient.
Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon Dots (C-Dots) Derived from Tofu Dregs using Solvothermal Method Nurhalimah, Siti; Hasibuan, Anggi Khairina Hanum; Apriliyanto, Yusuf Bramastya; Heriyandi, Heriyandi; Arfyansyah, Bagas Putra
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27573

Abstract

Tofu dregs are an agroindustrial organic byproduct generated in large quantities and still contain carbon-rich compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. This carbon content makes tofu dregs a promising alternative precursor for the synthesis of value-added carbon-based materials, one of which is carbon dots (C-Dots). This study aims to synthesize C-Dots derived from tofu dregs using a solvothermal method and to characterize the optical properties, functional groups, morphology, and elemental composition of the resulting material. The synthesis of C-Dots was carried out using a solvothermal process involving heating in a closed system using tofu dregs and 96% ethanol as the solvent. Characterization was performed using UV–Visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry, Fourier Transform Infrared–Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR–ATR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX). The UV–Vis analysis revealed an absorption band at approximately 451 nm, which is associated with π→π* electronic transitions in conjugated carbon structures, as well as a shoulder around 524 nm that can be attributed to n→π* transitions originating from lone pair electrons in oxygen-containing functional groups. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of O–H/N–H, C–H, C=C, C–O/C–O–C, and C–N functional groups on the surface of the C-Dots. Meanwhile, SEM analysis showed agglomerated particle morphology, and EDX results confirmed that the main constituent elements of the material are carbon (C), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N). The results of this study demonstrate that tofu dregs have strong potential to be utilized as a biomass-derived precursor in the solvothermal synthesis of C-Dots.
Ethyl Lactate as a Green Solvent in Terms of Sustainability and Economic Perspectives in Organic Synthesis Esterification: A Review Hidayat, Abian Hilmi; Laksana, Mochamad Brian; Zakariya, Zulfa
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27652

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of ethyl lactate as a sustainable green solvent in organic synthesis, with a focus on feedstock evaluation and economic feasibility. A systematic literature-based approach was employed, covering publications from 2020 to 2025, and assessing two key aspects: (i) the source and cost of feedstocks, including whey, sugarcane molasses, rice straw, and starch, and (ii) the performance of ethyl lactate in various organic transformations. Techno-economic analysis estimates the cost of production (CoP) of ethyl lactate from sugarcane molasses in the range of USD 1,300-1,500/ton, while production from rice straw is estimated at around USD 5,600/ton, highlighting the economic advantage of molasses-based routes. Ethyl lactate has also demonstrated high effectiveness, achieving yields of 90-95% in various reactions such as coupling, metathesis, and ester synthesis. These findings reinforce the potential of ethyl lactate to support the chemical industry's transition toward more environmentally friendly processes, offering a compelling combination of technical performance and economic viability.
Analysis of the Antioxidant Activity of Strawberry Kombucha using the UV–Vis Spectrophotometric Method Esati, Ni Ketut; Lestari, Gusti Ayu Dewi; Griadnyana, Ida Bagus Nanda
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Volume 5 Issue 2, November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v5i2.24419

Abstract

The development of modern lifestyles, which tend to favor instant foods and beverages, has increased the risk of degenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress. This condition has driven the demand for foods and beverages rich in antioxidants. Kombucha is a fermented beverage recognized for its probiotic and antioxidant properties, while strawberries are rich in natural antioxidant compounds. The combination of these two components has the potential to produce a functional beverage beneficial to health, particularly as a source of antioxidants. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of fermentation duration on the antioxidant activity of strawberry kombucha and to identify the optimal fermentation duration for achieving the highest antioxidant activity. This study employed a quantitative research design using a laboratory experimental method. Strawberry kombucha was prepared from a mixture of fresh strawberries, water, granulated sugar, SCOBY starter solution, and SCOBY, followed by fermentation for 7, 10, and 13 days. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method with DPPH reagent. The results demonstrated that fermentation duration significantly affected the antioxidant activity of strawberry kombucha. The highest antioxidant activity was achieved on day 10, with an IC50​ value of 24.69 ppm, which was categorized as very strong antioxidant activity. Fermentation on day 13 resulted in an IC50​ value of 30.69 ppm, which also fell within the very strong category, whereas fermentation on day 7 produced an IC50​ value of 74.38 ppm, categorized as strong antioxidant activity. Therefore, a fermentation duration of 10 days was identified as the optimal condition for producing the highest antioxidant activity. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of beverage formulations rich in antioxidant compounds.
In Silico Study of Reported Compounds from Togaku Oil Plants from Timor Island as Candidates for Plampesin X Inhibitors of Plasmodium Falciparum Fallo, Erwince; Bria, Patrisius Maryanto
Jurnal Beta Kimia Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Volume 6 Issue 1, May 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jbk.v6i1.27775

Abstract

Malaria is still a major health problem in Indonesia, especially caused by Plasmodium falciparum, so it is necessary to develop new drug candidates to overcome potential antimalarial resistance. This study aims to identify the potential of reported compounds from ToGaku oil-producing plants on Timor Island as candidate inhibitors of the Plasmepsin X protein using an in-silico approach. The structure of Plasmepsin X protein (PDB ID: 7TBC) was obtained from the Protein Data Bank and prepared using YASARA Structure software. Evaluation of structural quality was performed using Ramachandran plot analysis, while active-site prediction was performed using the COACH server. Molecular docking was performed on various candidate compounds using YASARA Structure, with artemisinin as a positive control. Docking results showed that oleanane and dammarane had the highest positive binding energies, (-11,879) kcal/mol and (-8,930) kcal/mol, respectively, which were higher than the positive control, artemisinin (8,428 kcal/mol), indicating stronger binding affinity and a more stable complex. Complex interactions were dominated by hydrophobic residues, including PHE311, ILE316, ILE354, PHE355, ILE358, and PHE360, as well as by polar residues, such as SER246, GLN247, SER269, and THR460, which contributed to complex stabilization. The interaction visualization showed that the selected ligands bind to the protein’s active pocket in a stable orientation. Based on these results, triterpenoid compounds, especially oleanane and dammarane, are potential candidates for Plasmepsin X inhibitors and warrant further experimental testing.

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