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Journal of Fisheries & Marine
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 20855842     EISSN : 25280759     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v16i1.44436
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan (JIPK; English: Scientific Journal of Fisheries and Marine) ISSN International Centre | ISSN:2528-0759 (Online) | ISSN: 2085-5842 (Print) JIPK is a peer-reviewed and open access biannually (April and November) that published by the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga. The aim of JIPK is to publish exciting, empirical research, recent science development, and high-quality science that addresses fundamental questions in fisheries and marine. JIPK only accepts manuscripts written in full English and processes submitted original script related of scope to fisheries and marine science and not being published by other publishers. We publish four categories of papers; 1) Original research papers, 2) Critical review articles, 3) Short communications, and, 4) Special Issue on applied or scientific research relevant to freshwater, brackish and marine environments. This journal gives readers the state of art of the theory and its applications of all aspects of fisheries and marine science. The scope of this journal includes, but is not limited to the research results of: Aquaculture, Fish Diseases, Marine science, Oceanography, Aquatic resources management, Fisheries product technology, Fish capture, technology, Fishery agribusiness, Fishery biotechnology/molecular genetics, Fish health management. JIPK has been indexed in Scopus, DOAJ, Sinta 1, Dimensions, Crossref, and others indexing. This journal has been accredited as a 1st Grade Scientific Journal (Sinta 1) by the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education of Indonesia since 8 December 2020.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia
Articles 572 Documents
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A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning Approaches in Fish Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks From 2015 to October 2025 Nur Muhammad Afiq Anang; Awalludin, Ezmahamrul Afreen
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 2026: IN PRESS ISSUE (JUST ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT, 2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.79656

Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research 1. Provide insights into the development, methodologies and significant advancements in fish classification research utilizing CNNs. 2. The review discusses the progression of CNN architectures, beginning with earlier models such as AlexNet and advancing to more sophisticated frameworks like ResNet and GoogLeNet. 3. Examines the extensive use of benchmark datasets across many studies and discusses collaborative research efforts that refine models and enhance reproducibility. 4. Guide future research by underscoring best practices, acknowledging less explored areas and encouraging interdisciplinary approaches to monitoring fish biodiversity and managing aquatic ecosystems through deep learning.   Abstract Recent advancements in deep learning have substantially improved the classification of fish species. These innovations present a contemporary and dependable alternative to conventional methodologies, such as image processing and manual identification. Implementing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) has significantly enhanced accuracy, flexibility and scalability within aquatic ecosystems. This comprehensive review evaluates 81 scholarly articles published from January 2015 to October 2025. The analyses were guided by the VICO framework, supported by defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction and synthesis and the PRISMA process to ensure systematic selection of relevant studies. It aims to provide insights into the development, methodologies, and significant advancements in fish classification research utilizing CNNs. The review discusses the progression of CNN architectures, beginning with earlier models such as AlexNet and advancing to more sophisticated frameworks like ResNet and GoogLeNet, as well as transformer and hybrid CNN model such as the Vision Transformer (ViT) and the Convolutional Vision Transformer (ConViT). It highlights the adoption rates, training performance and contexts of use. Additionally, it examines the extensive use of benchmark datasets across many studies and discusses collaborative research efforts that refine models and enhance reproducibility. A thorough comparison of classification accuracy, dataset composition and trends in model choice offers a clearer picture of the current impact of deep learning in this area. Furthermore, this review identifies crucial challenges, including the lack of data for rare species, issues related to low-resolution image recognition and the need for standardization in model evaluation. The insights offered aim to guide future research by underscoring best practices, acknowledging less explored areas and encouraging interdisciplinary approaches to monitoring fish biodiversity and managing aquatic ecosystems through deep learning.
Novel Para-Probiotic – MOS Synbiotic Strategy to Improve Growth and Immune in Pacific Whiteleg Shrimp Dian Eka Ramadhani; Erni Sulistiawati; Wida Lesmanawati; Ima Kusumanti; Cecilia Eny Indriastuti; Andri Iskandar; Wiyoto Wiyoto; Imam Tri Wahyudi; Rizky Fadilla Agustin Rangkuti
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.79704

Abstract

Graphical Abstract  Highlight Research Paraprobiotic for intestinal health of shrimp. Growth performance and immune system increase during administration of paraprobiotics. Microencapsulation for making paraprobiotics. Pathogen inhibition by paraprobiotics.   Abstract Vibriosis, caused by Vibrio spp., is a major threat in shrimp aquaculture, leading to high mortality and economic losses. Probiotics and prebiotics are promising preventive strategies to enhance host immunity and feed efficiency. This study aimed to determine the optimal dose of para-probiotic Pseudoalteromonas piscicida (1Ub) microcapsules and their combination with the prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) to improve growth performance and immune responses of Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). The experiment was conducted at the College of Vocational Studies, IPB University, using mysis 2 (M2) larvae reared in 60 × 30 × 35 cm³ aquarium for two weeks until post-larvae stage 10 (PL10). Shrimp were fed synbiotic microcapsules (1% para-probiotic and 12 mg/L MOS) via bioencapsulated Artemia sp. Five groups were tested: K− (control, PBS immersion), K+ (challenged with Vibrio harveyi), A (0.5% synbiotic), B (1.0%), and C (2.0%). After 14 days, groups K+, A, B, and C were challenged with 10⁶ CFU/mL V. harveyi for seven days. Although differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05), group A consistently showed better outcomes, including higher survival rate, final body length, total haemocyte count, respiratory burst, and phenoloxidase activity, along with lower Vibrio counts compared to K+. These trends indicate that synbiotic application, particularly at 0.5%, can enhance shrimp health and resilience. This study highlights synbiotics as a practical strategy to improve survival, growth, and disease resistance in larviculture.
Modeling the Contribution of Traditional Sero Fisheries to Blue Economy Goals: Evidence from Rural Indonesia Patangngari, Fijwal; Musbir, Musbir; Najamuddin
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.80389

Abstract

Graphical Abstract  Highlight Research 1. Artisanal sero fisheries in Bone Regency were assessed within the context of sustainable fisheries governance and the blue economy framework. 2. Six latent variables, economic characteristics, perceptions of fishing techniques, social factors, institutional dynamics, policy understanding, and regulatory compliance, were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). 3. Socioeconomic status, institutional trust, and policy knowledge were found to be the strongest predictors of fishers’ compliance with fisheries regulations. 4. Strengthening fisher participation, promoting sustainable fishing education, and integrating sero fisheries into coastal zoning are key strategies to enhance compliance and support blue economy resilience.   Abstract This study examines the integration of traditional sero (staked weir) fisheries in Bone Regency, Indonesia, into the sustainable governance and blue economy frameworks. Despite their socio-cultural importance, these small-scale fisheries remain undervalued in policy discourse and local management plans. This research utilizes Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to assess fishers' perspectives and the factors driving regulatory compliance across six latent variables: economic characteristics, fishing techniques, social aspects, institutional dynamics, policy knowledge, and compliance behavior. The measurement model was empirically distinct, with all Heterotrait-Monotrait Ratio (HTMT) values below the 0.85 threshold. Key findings indicate that Policy Knowledge (C) has the most potent positive effect on compliance, with β = 0.902. Additionally, Livelihood Resilience (B) significantly affects compliance (β = 0.760), whereas Socioeconomic Characteristics (X) have a substantial adverse direct effect (β =- 1.003). Together, these variables explain a significant proportion of the variance in compliance behavior, with an R2 of 0.915. The results indicate that higher income, institutional trust, and strong community ties enhance compliance by enabling fishers to adopt sustainable practices. Conversely, economic instability hinders the application of policy knowledge. The study concludes that involving fishers in organizations and strengthening institutional support are vital for aligning artisanal practices with the blue economy. Implementing coastal spatial planning and adaptive interventions will help balance ecological preservation with the economic well-being of coastal communities.
Distribution of Microplastics in Sediments of The Northern Natuna Sea Siregar, Dodi Fanhalen; Agus Saleh Atmadipoera; Ario Damar; Yulianto Suteja; Nabil
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.80621

Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research 1. A total of 258 MP in the sediments of the Northern Natuna Sea were identified from eight observation stations with abundances ranging from 400 to 1020 pieces/kg (average 645 ± 199.64 pieces/kg) (dry weight: dw). 2. Fiber and fragment MP were the most commonly found (58% and 40%, respectively), followed by pellets (2%). 3. In terms of color, transparent MP were the most abundant (48%), followed by black (27%), orange (14%), blue (8%), turquoise green (2%), and white (1%). 4. MP in the Northern Natuna Sea range in size from 70 to 6400 μm with an average size of 845.31 μm, where the most abundant size is found in the 500 – 1000 µm range (30%), followed by sizes > 1000 µm (26%); while sizes of 300 – 500 µm and < 300 µm were each found at 22%. 5. MP fibers based on depth show an increase in percentage with increasing depth in the Northern Natuna Sea. 6. The average size of MP decreases with increasing depth in the Northern Natuna Sea, where at a depth of < 110 m the average reaches 1156.57 µm, at a depth of 110 – 120 m it reaches 830.17 µm at a depth of 120 – 130 m, and 754.77 µm at a depth of > 130 m. 7. The diversity of MP types in the sediments of the Northern Natuna Sea according to observation stations shows that Station 1 is the location with the highest number of MP types (4 types: 7 fragment particles, 29 fiber particles, 1 foam particle, and 2 pellet particles); then according to depth, the highest number of MP types was found at a depth of 110 – 120 m (4 types: 13 fragment particles, 43 fiber particles, 1 foam particle, and 2 pellet particles). 8. The diversity of MP sizes according to observation stations showed that the highest number of sizes < 300 µm was found at Station 2 (13 particles) and the highest number of sizes > 1000 µm was found at Station 4 (13 particles); then according to depth, the highest number of sizes < 300 µm and > 1000 µm was found at a depth > 130 m (21 particles each). 9. The diversity of MP colors according to observation stations showed that the highest number of colors was found at Station 2 (7 colors: white 2 particles, black 13 particles, green 1 particle, blue 3 particles, orange 6 particles, turquoise 1 particle, and transparent 25 particles); while according to depth, the highest number of colors was found at a depth of 120 – 130 m (6 colors: white 2 particles, black 21 particles, green 1 particle, blue 5 particles, orange 7 particles, turquoise green 1 particle, and transparent 35 particles).   Abstract Many studies on microplastics have been conducted by experts. However, little is known about microplastics in the sediments of the Northern Natuna Sea. For a comprehensive understanding of global microplastic pollution, the quantity of microplastics in the sediments of the North Natuna Sea is crucial to study. This study was conducted at 8 stations with the aim of determining the presence of microplastics in sediments in the Northern Natuna Sea. A total of 50 gr of sediment samples that had been dried, homogenized, and sieved were subjected to density separation and then allowed to settle for 12 hours, after which the microplastics floated and were collected using a vacuum pump or filter paper. Sediment samples were analyzed for microplastic abundance, type, size, and color distribution using ANOVA, Spearman's correlation, cluster analysis, non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (nMDS), and PERMANOVA. The average microplastic abundance was found to be 645 ± 199.64 pieces/kg and the diversity index was classified as high, with no significant difference in the diversity index between depths, indicating diversity in microplastics and that their input also came from many sources. At a depth of 110 – 120 m, fiber microplastics were found to be very high; then at a depth of > 130 m, microplastics measuring < 300 and > 1000 µm were found to be very high; while at a depth of 120 – 130 m, a high number of colored microplastics were found. Microplastic distribution in the North Natuna Sea is primarily influenced by human activities, with their abundance showing a strong correlation with the distance from the coastline. Microplastic size decreases with increasing depth, while microplastic fibers increase with increasing depth. This study found that complex sources of microplastics have polluted the Northern Natuna Sea, with human activity being the biggest influence, thus requiring serious attention.
The Mediating Role of Financial Behavior on Financial Well-being Among Small-scale Fishers in Trenggalek Regency, East Java, Indonesia Utami, Tiwi Nurjannati; Susilo, Edi; Indrayani, Erlinda; Abidin, Zainal; Illahi, Rhochmad Wahyu
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 2026: IN PRESS ISSUE (JUST ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT, 2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research Financial Well-being is the result of the interaction between cognitive factors (literacy), psychological factors (attitude, self-efficacy), and behavior, but, it is closely associated with the psychological domain. Strengthening financial literacy programs by combining practical (skills and behavior) and attitudinal (attitude toward money) components to improve FSE, which in turn enhances the FWB of fishermen in Karanggongso Coast. This research expands the financial adaptation paradox to coastal fishing communities, highlighting the unique determinants, such as cognitive, psychological, and behavioral factors that shape their financial outcomes in their pursuit of FWB. Future studies should incorporate non-financial behavior mediating variables and use financial well-being measurements that consider psychological and financial aspects to test direct and indirect pathways.   Abstract Karanggongso Coast is one of the significant hubs for capture fisheries, which serves as a buffer zone in Trenggalek, Indonesia. There is more small-scale fishing, focusing on a dual livelihood system created by its location as a favorite tourist destination. Nevertheless, the community contends with persistent financial instability, characterized by income-expenditure imbalances and vulnerability to external shocks. The study aims to analyze the relationships between financial literacy, financial self-efficacy, and financial attitude on financial well-being, with financial behavior as a mediating variable among fishers in Trenggalek Regency, East Java, Indonesia. This study used Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) – Partialy Least Square (PLS) to test the relationships between financial literacy, financial self-efficacy, and financial attitude on financial well-being, with financial behavior as a mediating variable. This research was conducted from August to December 2024. The results indicate that directly the variables FL and FSE have a significant positive effect on FWB; but FSE and FA have a significant negative effect on FB, and FL has no effect on FB. Meanwhile, the variable FB has a significant negative effect on FWB. Then it is known that FB does not mediate the relationship between these factors on FWB. Thus, this study recommends strengthening financial literacy programs by combining practical and attitudinal (attitude toward financial) components to improve financial self-efficacy, which in turn enhances financial well-being. Future research should include non-financial behavioral intervening variables, such as socio-cultural, and use of financial well-being measures that consider both psychological and financial aspects.  
Developing a Performance Improvement Model for Fish Processing Units of Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia Suseno, Heru; Suadi; Jamhari; Rustadi; Kristiningrum, Ellia; Agus Susanto, Danar
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.80956

Abstract

Graphical Abstract   Highlight Research 1. Develops an ecosystem-based model to enhance SME fish processing performance. 2. Applies the Delphi method with multi-sectoral expert consensus. 3. Identifies ten strategic priorities, with certification as the key enabler. 4. Provides a systemic framework aligning institutions, markets, and regulation to improve sustainability and innovation in Indonesia’s fish processing sector.   Abstract This study examines how institutional, market, technological, regulatory, and human capital issues impact the performance of Small and Medium Enterprise Fish Processing Units (SME-FPUs), specifically in Indonesia. The study's goal is to provide an ecosystem-based model for improving the performance of SME-FPUs by combining essential institutional, market, and technology components. Thirteen multi-sectoral experts from government, business, academia, and certification organizations were consulted for the study using the Delphi technique. Strategic variables for model building were identified and prioritized using the expert's insights. Ten strategic priorities were determined by the analysis. These priorities included business licensing facilitation, raw material supply assurance, cold chain infrastructure development, managerial and technical competency capacity building, quality certification promotion, and consumer awareness campaigns. These goals were incorporated into a systemic model that places certification as the primary facilitator in a framework that is favorable to consumers, organizations, and regulations. Study adds to the theoretical conversation by presenting a comprehensive and adaptive ecosystem model that goes beyond reductionist or linear frameworks. In practice, it provides a practical blueprint for governments, development agencies, and industry players to create coherent and sustainable solutions. More study is needed to experimentally evaluate the model's applicability across various geographic settings and sectors of the blue economy.
Sustainability-Based Mangrove Ecotourism Management Strategy Using ADO-ODTWA and MDS Approaches: A Case Study of Ngusulenge Mangrove Area, Maitara Island, Indonesia Abubakar, Salim; Rina; Tahir, Irmalita; C. Kepel, Rene; Sapsuha, Yusri; Kurniawan, Andy; Subur, Riyadi; Rumagia, Faizal
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 2026: IN PRESS ISSUE (JUST ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT, 2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research The mangrove ecosystem on a small island is the object of this research. The Ngusulenge mangrove area in Maitara Tengah Village is worthy of development as a sustainable ecotourism destination with a medium to high attractiveness value based on ecological and accessibility aspects. Dimensionally, the social dimension has the highest sustainability value compared to the other dimensions. However, all dimensions require more serious improvement efforts to meet the needs of developing a mangrove ecotourism area on Maitara Island. Collaboration between stakeholders, supported by clear regulations regarding the management of mangrove ecotourism areas, will accelerate regional development and improve the welfare of communities involved in the management and utilization of coastal ecosystems and small islands.   Abstract Sustainable mangrove ecotourism requires a balanced focus across ecological, economic, and social dimensions to ensure long-term conservation and community benefits. In line with the concept of sustainability, the development of mangrove ecotourism must prioritize tourist attractions, local community involvement, and environmental conservation. This study aims to analyze the potential for ecotourism development based on tourist attractions and determine the sustainability status of mangrove ecotourism management in the Ngusulenge ecotourism area in Maitara Tengah Village, Tidore Islands City using interdisciplinary approach for sustainable mangrove ecotourism managenet. This study employs an interdisciplinary approach to sustainable ecotourism management, utilizing ADO-ODTWA analysis to assess tourist attractions and the feasibility of ecotourism development, and to identify potential tourist attraction resources. Additionally, it employs Rap-Mforest analysis to measure the sustainability status of ecotourism in ecological, social, economic, and institutional aspects. The results of the study indicate that the Ngusulenge mangrove area in Maitara Tengah Village is worthy of being developed as a sustainable ecotourism destination with medium to high attraction values ​​based on ecological and accessibility aspects with an ADO-ODTWA index value (82.44%) indicating suitability for development, while the multidimensional sustainability index value (41.60%) falls into the less sustainable category, but requires major interventions in several factors, such as cleanliness, accommodation, and socio-economic management, to overcome the challenges of mangrove ecosystem degradation. The lowest feasibility factor value was found in the Accommodation criterion (58.33%), and the lowest value for the sustainability dimension was found in the Institutional dimension (37.07%). The collaboration between the government, the community, and regulations is strong, enabling the potential of the Ngusulenge mangrove area to become a tourism-based conservation model that supports coastal biodiversity, local empowerment, and inclusive economic growth in North Maluku Province.
Chlorella vulgaris-supplemented Diet Enhances Growth, Immunity, and Survival in Red Hybrid Tilapia Aslah Mohamad; Syafiq-Aizat Hamid; Mohamad Azzam-Sayuti; Khozirah Shaari; Annas Salleh; Muhammad Farhan Nazarudin; Woro Hastuti Satyantini; Md Yasin, Ina Salwany
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.81592

Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research 1. Dietary supplementation with Chlorella vulgaris at 2.5% significantly enhanced tilapia growth rate, final body weight, and feed conversion ratio. 2. Tilapia fed with the C. vulgaris-enriched diet showed higher survival rates following bacterial challenges with Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila. 3. C. vulgaris-enriched diet upregulated the expression of key immune-related genes (MHC-I, MHC-II, C-type lysozyme, TNF-α, and IL-1β), indicating activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. 4. Microalgae, C. vulgaris, functions as both a growth promoter and immunostimulant in tilapia, offering a sustainable, antibiotic-free strategy to enhance fish health and productivity in aquaculture.   Abstract Microalgae are increasingly explored as feed additives in aquaculture due to their potential benefits for fish health.  This study evaluated the effects of a microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris-supplemented diet on the growth performance, immune-related gene expression, histopathology, and protective efficacy of red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) following intraperitoneal injection with Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 330 red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis sp. were assigned to two groups: a control group fed a commercial diet (Group 1) and a treatment group receiving a diet supplemented with 2.5% C. vulgaris (Group 2) for seven weeks. Fish in the treatment group exhibited significantly higher growth rates than those in the control group. Moreover, the relative percentage survival (RPS) post-infection with S. agalactiae and A. hydrophila was 68.89 ± 1.52% and 88.89 ± 3.00%, respectively, significantly higher than in the control group (28.89 ± 0.57% and 40.00 ± 1.00%, respectively). Notably, fish fed the microalgae-supplemented diet displayed a higher expression of immune-related genes and exhibited reduced lesion severity across examined organs, indicating enhanced resistance to infection. These findings show that dietary C. vulgaris improves growth, boosts immune function, and enhances disease resistance in red hybrid tilapia, supporting its use as a sustainable functional feed ingredient. This highlights strong potential for commercial adoption, and future research should refine optimal inclusion levels and evaluate performance under real farm conditions.
Identification of Physical Process of RoFI (Region of Freshwater Influenced) at Banyuasin Estuary, South Sumatera of Indonesia Muh. Adhim Adrian; I Wayan Nurjaya; Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen; Jonson Lumban Gaol; Heron Surbakti
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v18i1.81693

Abstract

Graphical Abstract   Highlight Research The large river discharge from several tributaries causes strong stratification in the Banyuasin Estuary. RoFI in the Banyuasin Estuary does not only occur seasonally, but can also occur in daily cycles. Tidal dynamics control RoFI dynamics in the Banyuasin Estuary. Estuarine plumes formed on the surface based on synoptic imagery prove that RoFI can also extend seasonally.   Abstract The Region of Freshwater Influence (RoFI) is the river-sea transition zone where freshwater, suspended materials, and associated properties are exchanged and redistributed by estuarine dynamics. This study is the first to identify RoFI and contributes to increasing primary productivity in aquatic environments. This research aims to identify physical processes such as tides and currents in the RoFI based on observational CTD data. CTD measurements (14 stations) collected data salinity, temperature, density, and turbidity, visualized using ODV. Tidal and current data identified RoFI dynamic controls. Sentinel-2A imagery mapped the surface plume. RoFI dynamics exhibit significant seasonal and daily changes. Low salinity 10–15 PSU, indicating freshwater intrusion, dominates, with residual currents typically ranging from 0.1 m/s to 0.2 m/s. PCA analysis 91.32% variability demonstrates that the RoFI expands during ebb tide and narrows during flood tide due to estuarine intrusion of high-salinity oceanic currents. RoFI in the Banyuasin estuary introduce freshwater, nutrients, suspended particulates, and even pollutants that can cause large-scale detriment. Therefore, the recommendations given are that the protection of spawning and nursery areas, as well as the control of aquaculture waste, should be prioritized to minimize pressure on fishery resources.
Organ-specific Microplastic Accumulation and Associated Oxidative Stress and Immune Responses in Barbonymus gonionotus from Downstream Bengawan Solo River, Indonesia Ma'rufah, Asmaul Lutfi; Setiyowati, Putri Ayu Ika; Ramadani, Aisyah Hadi; Bukhori, Fika Nur Fitriana Putri; Iqbal, Muhammad
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 2026: IN PRESS ISSUE (JUST ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT, 2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research 1. Comperhensive assessment of microplastic accumulation and oxidative stress-mediated immune responses in Barbonymus gonionotus from the Bengawan Solo River. 2. Gills showed the highest microplastic loads, with evidence of systemic translocation to muscle tissue. 3. Elevated leukocyte counts, MDA, and TNF-α indicate immune activation and oxidative stress from microplastic. 4. Combining particle characteristics with biological endpoints provides a sensitive biomonitoring framework.   Abstract Microplastics (MPs) contamination is an emerging threat in freshwater ecosystems; however, field-basesd evidence of organ-specific accumulation and physiological stress in wild Barbonymus gonionotus remains limited. This study investigated MPs accumulation, oxidative stress, and immune responses in B. gonionotus collected from three downstream sites (BD, DD, UPD) of the Bengawan Solo River, East Java, Indonesia (July–August 2024). Thirty adult fish (n = 10 per site) were analyzed for MPs in gill, intestine, and muscle tissues using KOH digestion, visual classification of particle type, color, and size, and hot-needle testing, without chemical polymer confirmation. Total leukocyte counts, TNF-α, and MDA were measured to assess immune and oxidative stress responses. MPs were most abundant in gills and surface water, dominated by fragments and pellets sized 100–300 µm, with black and brown particles prevailing. The highest MPs concentrations in water and fish tissues were observed at UPD, where muscle tissues also showed MPs accumulation, suggesting systemic translocation of smaller particles. Fish from this site exhibited elevated leukocyte counts, increased TNF-α, and higher MDA levels, reflecting immune activation and oxidative stress associated with MPs exposure. These findings indicate chronic MPs exposure in downstream fish populations, evidenced by hematological and oxidative responses. Integrating organ-specific MPs assessment with leukocyte, TNF-α, and MDA profiling provides a sensitive biomonitoring approach for tropical freshwater ecosystems.

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