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Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon
ISSN : 25482114     EISSN : 25412027     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37874/ms
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
The Medical Sains journal is a scientific publication media published by the Muhammadiyah Cirebon College of Pharmacy which is published 4 (four) times in 1 (one) year, namely January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The journal contains research in the field of pharmacy covering the fields of formulation, pharmacology, communication pharmacy, A natural chemical chemistry, pharmacognomy and other health sciences which is a means for lecturers and researchers in the health sector to share knowledge and establish cooperation in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. Purpose and Scope The objective of the publication of the Medical Science journal is to publish articles in the field of pharmacy and other health as well as application of pharmaceutical . Based on this, the editorial board of Medical Sains invites lecturers and researchers to contribute to submit research articles related to the following themes: 1. Pharmaceutical formulation technology 2. Pharmacology 3. Community pharmacy 4. Clinical Pharmacy 5. Natural material chemistry 6. Pharmacognosy 7. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry . All papers submitted to medical science journals will be examined by peer review partners who are tailored to their respective fields.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 523 Documents
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FORMULATION AND EFFICACY TEST OF STICK-HEEL MOISTURIZER MADE FROM 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.) LEAVES Marangyana, I Gede Bagus Indra; Listiani, Putu Ayu Ratih
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1649

Abstract

Papaya leaves contain phytochemicals including alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids, which can function as natural moisturizers to maintain healthy heels. Papaya leaves were extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent and evaporated on a rotary evaporator to obtain a thick extract. The yield was 10.2%. It was subsequently combined at concentrations of 5 %, 10 %, and 15% to create a moisturizing heel stick preparation. The physical quality of the stick heel moisturizer preparations was assessed using tests for homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, pH, organoleptic properties, and moisturizing properties. The mixture produces a brownish-green stick, a semi-solid texture, a distinctive odor of papaya leaves, a pH of 6, good homogeneity, good adherence, and qualified spreadability. The moisturizing test results for FI 5%, FII 10%, and FIII 15% had average values of 2.23%, 1.56%, and 1.15%, respectively. The results of SPSS testing also showed various average values that were significant (p<0.05). From the obtained data, FIII was determined to be the most effective moisturizing formula. Keywords: Papaya leaf, stick heel, moisturizer.
COST MINIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG USE IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS Utami, Indah Kurnia; Rakanita, Yasinta; Dewi, Niluh Puspita
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1655

Abstract

Hypertension is the primary cause of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), as it damages blood vessels in the kidneys. The most commonly used management for hypertension as monotherapy includes Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB) such as Amlodipine and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) such as candesartan. Patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis depend on dialysis machines, which impacts their economic burden. Therefore, a cost analysis review of drugs with the same therapeutic goals is necessary. This was a non-experimental study with a descriptive design. Data were collected through retrospective purposive sampling from January to December 2023 using medical records and payment data for inpatient treatments with hemodialysis that met the inclusion criteria. Direct medical costs included antihypertensive, other medication, service and facility fees, and medical support costs. Of the 100 samples that met the inclusion criteria from January to December 2023, amlodipine was the most commonly used antihypertensive (56%), followed by candesartan (38%). The average direct medical costs were IDR 184.350 for Amlodipine and IDR 561,339 for candesartan. The patient characteristics by gender showed a higher percentage of males (52%) than of females (48%). By age, the majority were in the late adult group (67%), whereas the elderly accounted for (33%). The Amlodipine group achieved more significant cost minimization than the candesartan group. Future studies should examine the potential of amlodipine in reducing the economic burden of limited resources.  Keywords: antihypertensive, CMA, CKD
ARTICLE REVIEW: POTENTIAL PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF LOBI-LOBI FRUIT (Flacourtia inermis, Roxb) Adiwinata, Much Cheril Wicaksono; Vitamia, Cszahreyloren
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1665

Abstract

The Lobi-lobi fruit is a tropical plant that is rich in secondary metabolites. Many studies have discussed the usefulness of secondary metabolites in this fruit. This study aimed to explore the secondary metabolites and pharmacological activities of lobi-lobi fruit (Flacourtia inermis, Roxb). The methods used included a literature review of various scientific journals discussing the health potential of fruits. The results showed that the lobi-lobi fruit extract had significant antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 104.223 ?g/mL, and showed potential as an antidiabetic and antibacterial agent. This discussion highlights the importance of bioactive components, such as phenolics, for providing therapeutic effects. The conclusion shows that this fruit has potential as a source of natural medicine and requires further research. Keywords: secondary metabolites, flacourtia inermis, pharmacological activity
DRUG DOSE ADJUSTMENT IN CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE PATIENTS AT HOSPITAL X Nurdiansyah, Iid; Susilo, Rinto; Setyaningsih, Indah; Putri, Anisa
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1669

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a significant global health issue, with increasing incidence rates, high treatment costs, and poor prognosis. Adjusting drug dosages in patients with CKD is essential to prevent worsening conditions and ensure proper therapy. This study examines the drug adjustment practices at Hospital X. This research method uses a descriptive research uses secondary data from medical records (Jan-Dec 2021) of CKD patients at Hospital X. Data include patient demographics, comorbidities, medications, and dosage adjustments according to the Renal Pharmacotherapy Handbook. Results: Among the 52 patients, the majority were female (60%) and aged 46-65 years (57%). Ranitidine was the most prescribed drug (47.37%) for CKD patients, with 56.76% dosages aligning with renal dosing guidelines. This study concluded that ranitidine was the most common medication, and over half of the prescriptions were aligned with the renal dosing guidelines. Keywords: drug dose adjustment, chronic kidney failure,  renal pharmacotherapy
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CARICA PAPAYA LEAF EXTRACT-LOADED ACNE PATCHES AGAINST Propionibacterium acnes Indriaty, Sulistiorini; Rizikiyan, Yayan; Gianto, Vinie Regina Putri; Karlina, Nina; Hidayati, Nur Rahmi; Sulastri, Lela; Firmansyah, Deni
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1673

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent skin condition that is characterized by inflammatory lesions. Propionibacterium acnes is a key bacterium implicated in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial potential of Carica papaya leaf extract against P. acnes and its efficacy when formulated into acne patches. Ethanolic extracts of C. papaya leaves were prepared at concentrations of 20%, 25%, and 30%. These extracts were incorporated into acne patch formulations and evaluated for antibacterial activity using the paper disc diffusion method. Clindamycin 1% was used as a positive control and 70% ethanol was used as a negative control. The results demonstrated that all concentrations of the C. papaya leaf extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against P. acnes. The 30% concentration demonstrated the largest zone of inhibition, which was comparable to that of the positive control. These findings suggest that C. papaya leaf extract-based acne patches are promising natural alternatives for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Keywords: Papaya leaves (Carica papaya L), Propionibacterium acne, Acne patch, Inhibitory power
MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION IN MIXED SYRUP CONTAINING ERDOSTEIN AND CETIRIZIN STORED AT DIFFERENT STORAGE TEMPERATURE Cahyanti, Naomi Dwi; Purwaningsih, Hesti; Angelia, Inez; Deki, Yohanes Damasus Natanael; Ramadhan, Gilang
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1677

Abstract

Pharmaceutical services include drug dispensing activities, including drug compounding. Drug compounding is the process of mixing or changing ingredients to produce drugs that suit patient needs. Unmonitored storage conditions for compounded drugs in the community can affect the evaluation of the physical, chemical, and microbial contamination stability. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of storage temperature on the results of the evaluation of microbial contamination in compounding syrup pharmaceuticals, so it can provide education to the public about the storage patterns that have been carried out so far. Evaluation of microbial contamination in this study included contamination of the Total Yeast and  Mold Count (TYMC) and Total Plate Count (TPC). The objective of this study was a mixture of Erdostein syrup and cetirizine tablets. The research materials used for the microbial contamination test were mineral water, sterile water, Plate Count Agar (PCA) media, and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). The results of the study in the form of TYMC and TPC on day 0 were 0 cfu/mL. After 7 days of storage, microorganisms, namely TYMC, grew at room temperature (<30°C) 4.98x102 cfu/mL and cold temperature (2-8°C) 2.2x102 cfu/mL. The TPC results at room temperature storage (<30°C) were 8.33x102 cfu/mL and at cold temperatures (2-8°C) were 3.67x102 cfu/mL ...
THE OPTIMATION OF FERMENTATION FOR METABOLITE PRODUCTION BY SYMBIONT Penicillium nalgiovense FROM THE SPONGE Gelliodes fibulata Rusmalina, Siska; Mahfur, Mahfur; Ermawati, Nur; Maliah, Nabilatun; Ananda, Luthfiah; Bintang Pratama, Kevin; Evi Ulfiani , Riska; Abdul Aziz, Danang; Husain, Khafidz; Ilma Faza, Febi; Hidayatullah, Adib
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1682

Abstract

The fungi are sponge symbionts.  The fungus Penicillium nalgiovense acc MK087096  is a symbiont of the sponge Gelliodes fibulata. This symbiont has antibacterial activity, which supports the development of sponge-based drugs that are as effective as antibiotics. However, the primary challenge in developing marine resource-based medicine is the availability and sustainability of sponge raw materials. Fermentation biotechnology using sponge symbiont fumgi is an effective solution to address these challenges, as it allows the production of bioactive secondary metabolite compounds in large quantities, which can be used as raw materials for pharmaceutical preparation. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal medium and fermentation duration for producing secondary metabolites with antibiotic properties from the symbiotic fungus Penicillium nalgiovense, isolated from the sponge Gelliodes fibulata. This study was conducted naturally. The symbiotic fungus from the sponge Gelliodes fibulata was cultivated to facilitate growth. Fermentation was conducted with variations in secondary metabolite harvesting times of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 days.  Secondary metabolites were obstained using liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The optimal medium and fermentation time were determined based on the yield percentage for each medium across the six time variations. The fermentation biotechnology of the symbiotic fungus Penicillium nalgiovense acc MK087096 from the spone Gelliodes fibulata was carried out on SDB, PDB, also coconut flake-enriched PDB media.  The results showed the growth of the fungus and the production of bioactive secondary metabolites with antibiotic properties ...
FORMULATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FACE TONER BUTTERFLY PEA FLOWER KOMBUCHA (Clitoria ternatea L.) WITH DPPH METHOD Rizikiyan, Yayan; Hidayat, Salsabila Aulia; Suharyani, Ine; Sulastri, Lela; Indriaty, Sulistiorini; Karlina, Nina
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1686

Abstract

Antioxidants can be given to the skin through cosmetics such as face toners. One source of antioxidants is obtained through the fermentation of butterfly pea flower kombucha (Clitoria ternatea L.), which has been proven to have better antioxidant activity than butterfly pea flower extract alone. This study aimed to determine the metabolite compounds in butterfly pea flower kombucha and create a facial toner formulation with good antioxidant activity. The butterfly pea flower kombucha was fermented for 6 days at room temperature. Facial toners were made with concentrations of 5%, 7,5% and 10%. Evaluation of the face toner includes organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, specific gravity, and viscosity tests. The antioxidant activity test used the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil) method, with vitamin C as a positive control. The results showed that there were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoid compounds in butterfly pea flower kombucha. Face toners with concentrations of 5%, 7.5%, and 10% could be prepared and met all evaluations (organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, specific gravity, and viscosity). Antioxidant test results on formula 1 IC50 50,21±SD 0,01 (strong), formula 2 IC50 44,32±SD 0,02 (very strong) and formula 3 IC50 38,62±SD 0,03 (very strong). The higher the concentration of butterfly pea flower kombucha, the higher the antioxidant activity. Butterfly pea flower kombucha (Clitoria ternatea L.) which is formulated as a face toner preparation has strong to very strong antioxidants, and the increasing concentration of active ingredients had an effect on antioxidant activity.  Keywords: face toner, butterfly pea flower kombucha, DPPH method, antioxidant activity
IMPROVED SOLUBILITY NOVEL MULTICOMPONENT CRYSTALS OF FENOFIBRIC ACID-ACETYLSALISYLIC ACID Anggraini, Deni; Novita, Gressy; Wulandari, Intan
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1690

Abstract

Solubility is an important physicochemical property of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Poor water solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients leads to low bioavailability; therefore, efforts are needed to improve the solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The goal of this study was to prepare and characterize novel multicomponent crystals of fenofibric acid (FA) using acid acetylsalicylic (ACE) as a coformer and to evaluate the solubility enhancement when prepared for multicomponent crystal formation.  Solid characterization of the novel multicomponent crystals was performed using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning diffraction (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarized microscopy, and solubility tests. Multicomponent crystals were prepared by the solvent drop grinding method using a few drops of an ethanol pro analyzer. The results showed that the solubility of multicomponent crystalline fenofibric acid was 4.7 times greater than that of pure fenofibric acid. Differential Scanning Calorimetry characterization results show the novel multicomponent crystals  with a sharp endothermic peak at 136,65 oC. The PXRD diffractograms show no new diffraction peaks and a decrease  in intensity. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis showed no new functional groups, and most of the transmittance peaks of the multicomponent crystals were superimposed between the peaks of fenofibric acid and acetylsalicylic acid. The novel multicomponent crystals fenofibric acid with acetylsalicylic acid as a coformer can improve the solubility of fenofibric acid  Keywords: Acetylsalicylic acid ; Fenofibric acid ; Multicomponent crystals ; Solubility  
THE POTENTIAL OF BLACK CUMIN SEED OIL (Nigella sativa L.) AS A HALAL ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT AGAINST EXTENDED SPECTRUM ?-LACTAMASE (ESBL)-PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI Tomi; Nurrosyidah, Iif Hanifa; Muzzayinah
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v10i1.1706

Abstract

Infectious diseases remain a major issue in tropical countries such as Indonesia. Infectious diseases can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. Development of antibacterial agents from natural sources is essential to combat the growing issue of antibiotic resistance. One potential plant is black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) contains thymoquinone, a compound known for its antibacterial properties. In addition to thymoquinone, the essential oil of black cumin contains thymol, carvacrol, and p-cymene, along with metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of black cumin seed oil (Nigella sativa L.) against Extended Spectrum ?-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli ESBL). The antibacterial test in this study used the disc diffusion method at various concentrations, including 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%. The extract was obtained by distillation, using pure water as the solvent. The test groups included a negative control, positive control using chloramphenicol, and negative control using pure water. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the positive control produced an average inhibition zone of 25 mm, classified as susceptible, whereas the negative control showed no inhibition zone (0 mm). At 100% concentration, the inhibition zone averaged 18,67 mm, at 75% it averaged 16 mm, at 50% it averaged 11,67 mm, and at 25%, the inhibition zone averaged 6,67 mm. The three lower concentrations were categorized as resistant.  

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