Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Penetapan kadar rutin dan uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) Ardila Nurjayastito Sulanjana Putri; Muntasir Muntasir; Matias Nataniel Kolobani; Muhajirin Dean
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): August edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i4.4004

Background: Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) is a traditional medicinal plant used by people of East Nusa Tenggara that contains flavonoid compounds, one of which is rutin, which has potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, information regarding the distribution of rutin across various organs of Faloak plant and its antioxidant activity remains limited. Purpose: To determine rutin content in ethanol extract of Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br.) leaves using HPLC and to determine antioxidant activity of extract using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. Method: This research is a descriptive study conducted in a laboratory by applying treatments to samples, including extraction using ethanol solvent and analysis of target compound using an HPLC instrument. Data generated consist of numerical values from measurement of rutin content and percentage inhibition of DPPH radicals in ethanol extract of Faloak leaves. Results: Calibration curve of rutin standard showed good linearity ( = 0.993). Ethanol extract of Faloak leaves contains rutin with an average content of 0.807 ± 0.094%. DPPH test results for Faloak leaf extract showed an value of 102.17 ppm, which is classified as a moderate antioxidant category. Conclusion: Rutin was detected in quantifiable amounts in Faloak leaves. Faloak leaf extract also exhibited moderate antioxidant activity, consistent with detected rutin content, thereby demonstrating potential for development as a natural source of rutin with antioxidant activity. Keywords: Antioxidant; DPPH; Faloak; HPLC; Rutin.

Pengaruh konsentrasi sediaan lotion tabir surya ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera lam.) dengan bleaching terhadap nilai SPF dan kelembapan kulit Farda Nur Aziziyah; Nawafila Februyani; Abdul Basith
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): August edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i4.4014

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the environmental factors that can cause various skin disorders, including erythema, hyperpigmentation, premature skin aging, and tissue damage due to the formation of free radicals. One of the most effective approaches to preventing the harmful effects of UV exposure is the use of sunscreen. Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves are known to contain flavonoids, which act as antioxidants and possess the ability to absorb UV radiation, making them a promising natural active ingredient for sunscreen formulations. Purpose: To determine the effect of varying concentrations of bleached (Moringa oleifera L.) leaf extract in a sunscreen lotion formulation on the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value and skin moisture, and to identify the optimal extract concentration. Method: This study employed a true experimental design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Moringa leaf extract was obtained via ultrasonic extraction using 96% ethanol as the solvent, followed by a bleaching process using activated charcoal. The extract was formulated into lotions at concentrations of 7.5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 12.5% (F3), alongside a lotion base without extract serving as the control (F0). Testing included physical evaluation of the formulations, determination of SPF values using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, skin moisture assessment using a skin analyzer, irritation testing, and statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA. Results: Varying concentrations of bleached (Moringa oleifera L.) leaf extract in sunscreen lotion formulations significantly influenced SPF values and skin moisture (p<0.05). The average SPF values for F0, F1, F2, and F3 were 2.66, 4.80, 6.45, and 7.18, respectively. Formula F3, containing a 12.5% extract concentration, yielded the highest SPF value falling into the extra protection category and demonstrated the greatest improvement in skin moisture compared to the other formulas. All formulas met physical evaluation requirements regarding organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and adhesiveness, and caused no skin irritation. Conclusion: The formula with a 12.5% extract concentration is the optimal formulation, as it yields the highest SPF value and offers the best skin-moisturizing capability, thereby showing potential for development into an effective and safe natural sunscreen. Keywords: Moringa Leaves; Skin Moisture; Sun Protection Factor (SPF); Sunscreen Lotion.

Formulasi krim tabir surya dari ekstrak etanol daun tapak dara (Catharanthus roseus) yang di bleaching, mikroenkapsulasi dengan metode koaservasi kompleks Zalmat Nurfahya Azali; Akhmad Al-Bari Al-Bari; Ria Indah Kusuma Pitaloka
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): August edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i4.4039

Background: Natural sunscreen development has gained increasing attention because bioactive compounds from medicinal plants possess antioxidant activity with lower irritation potential than synthetic UV filters. Catharanthus roseus leaves contain flavonoids and other phenolic compounds with potential photoprotective activity; however, these compounds are susceptible to degradation by light, heat, and oxidation. Complex coacervation microencapsulation offers an effective approach to improve the stability and performance of natural active ingredients. Purpose: To analyze the effect of different concentrations of bleached ethanol extract microcapsules of Catharanthus roseus prepared by complex coacervation on the physical characteristics and Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of sunscreen cream. Method: This true experimental study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three concentrations of microcapsules. The extract was obtained using Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction, followed by bleaching with activated charcoal and microencapsulation using gelatin and sodium alginate through the complex coacervation method. The resulting microcapsules were characterized for encapsulation efficiency and particle size before being formulated into sunscreen cream. Physical quality evaluations included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, viscosity, photostability, and SPF. SPF data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: Formula F3 showed the highest encapsulation efficiency (6.64%) with an average particle size of 1.97 µm. All formulations met the physical quality requirements for topical creams. SPF values increased with increasing microcapsule concentration, reaching 2.66 (F0), 3.41 (F1), 5.57 (F2), and 6.45 (F3). One-Way ANOVA demonstrated a significant effect of microcapsule concentration on SPF values (p = 0.000). Formula F3 also exhibited the best photostability. Conclusion: Different concentrations of bleached Catharanthus roseus ethanol extract microcapsules prepared by complex coacervation significantly improved the physical characteristics and sunscreen effectiveness of the cream formulation. Keywords: Catharanthus Roseus; Complex Coacervation; Microencapsulation; Sun Protection Factor; Sunscreen Cream.

Formulasi sediaan lotion kombinasi ekstrak wortel (Daucus carota), stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa), dan apel (Malus domestica) Bheta Sari Dewi; Sheila Meitania Utami; Ahmad Sopian; Agung Dewantoro; Ayu Werawati
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): June Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i2.3072

Background: The combination of plant extracts is known to have the potential to provide a synergistic effect that can increase the effectiveness of protection against oxidative stress and skin aging. Purpose: To formulate and evaluate a lotion preparation containing a combination of carrot, strawberry, and apple extracts as a source of natural antioxidants for skin care. Method: This study used six lotion formulas (FI–FVI) with varying concentrations of carrot extract (1%, 3%, 5%) combined with 0.5% apple, and strawberry extract (0.5%, 1%, 2%) combined with 0.5% apple. Physical evaluation included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesiveness, and viscosity during 1 week of storage at room temperature. Antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH method and total flavonoid content was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results: All formulas were physically stable with pH 7.01–7.15, spreadability 5.2–7.5 cm, adhesiveness >4 seconds, and viscosity 11.200–13.900 cP. The highest antioxidant activity and highest flavonoid content were obtained in FVI (Strawberry 2% + Apple 0.5%) with IC50 value of 96.90 ppm (strong category) and flavonoid content of 16.04%. Conclusion: The lotion formulation combining carrot, strawberry, and apple extracts has good physical stability and potential antioxidant activity for skin care. Keywords: Antioxidant; Apple; Carrot; Flavonoid; Lotion; Strawberry.

Analisis dampak penggunaan aplikasi farmacare terhadap efektivitas pelaporan penjualan obat Iwan Saka Nugraha; Gusti Agung Ayu Kade Suci Susanti; Gede Trima Yasa
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): May Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i1.3122

Background: Manual sales reporting systems often lead to delays, inaccuracies, and incomplete data, which hinder managerial decision-making. Implementing digital applications is a solution to improve efficiency. Purpose: To analyze the impact of using the Farmacare application on the effectiveness of sales reporting and identify factors that influence the use of the application. Methods: Using a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential approach, quantitative data were sourced from 13 weekly reports pre- and post-application, analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were obtained through structured interviews with thematic analysis. The research was conducted at Pharmacy X, Mengwi District, Badung Regency. Results: Significant effectiveness improvement in all quantitative indicators. Time efficiency increased by 97.44%, data accuracy increased with a decrease in the average error from 39.61 to 0.15 errors, and information completeness increased by 100%. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test produced an Asymp. Sig. p < 0.001 value, proving a very significant difference in impact. Qualitatively, reporting effectiveness is influenced by three main factors, namely: Time Efficiency Speed Factor, Calculation Accuracy Factor, and Information Completeness Factor. Conclusion: Digitalization through the Farmacare Application transformatively improves operational effectiveness and reporting accountability. Keywords: Data Accuracy; Mixed Methods; Pharmacare Application; Pharmacy Digitalization; Reporting Effectiveness. Pendahuluan: Sistem pelaporan penjualan manual sering kali menyebabkan keterlambatan, ketidakakuratan, dan ketidaklengkapan data yang menghambat pengambilan keputusan manajerial. Penerapan aplikasi digital menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis dampak penggunaan aplikasi Farmacare terhadap efektivitas pelaporan penjualan dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penggunaan aplikasi tersebut. Metode: Menggunakan metode campuran (mixed-methods) dengan pendekatan explanatory sequential. Data kuantitatif bersumber dari 13 laporan mingguan pra dan pasca penerapan aplikasi yang di analisis dengan statistik deskriptif, sementara data kualitatif diperoleh melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan analisis tematik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Apotek X, Kecamatan Mengwi, Kabupaten Badung. Hasil: Peningkatan efektivitas yang signifikan pada seluruh indikator kuantitatif. Efisiensi waktu meningkat 97,44%, akurasi data meningkat dengan penurunan rata-rata kesalahan dari 39,61 menjadi 0,15 kesalahan, serta kelengkapan informasi meningkat 100%. Uji Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test menghasilkan nilai Asymp. Sig. p < 0,001, membuktikan perbedaan dampak yang sangat signifikan. Secara kualitatif, efektivitas pelaporan dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor utama, yaitu: Faktor Kecepatan Efisiensi Waktu, Faktor Akurasi Ketelitian Perhitungan, dan Faktor Kelengkapan Informasi. Simpulan: Digitalisasi melalui Aplikasi Farmacare secara transformatif meningkatkan efektivitas operasional dan akuntabilitas pelaporan.

Skrining kandungan quercetin pada ekstrak kelakai (stenochlaena palustris) menggunakan high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Kiki Rizky Ananda; Herviana Herviana; Saidah Saidah
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): May Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i1.3205

Background: Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) is a plant endemic to Kalimantan that is used as a functional food and traditional medicine due to its bioactive compounds. Previous research has reported that kelakai has high total flavonoid content and strong antioxidant activity. Purpose: To conduct specific screening of quercetin compounds in kelakai extract. Methods: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used, given that quercetin is often used as an indicator of the health potential of foods. The analysis was performed using a C18 column with an isocratic mobile phase of a mixture of phosphoric acid and methanol, and detection at a wavelength of 370 nm.. Results: Quercetin was not detected in the kelakai extract. However, the validity of the method was proven through accuracy testing using a standard 10 mg/L spiking technique, which produced an average recovery value of 104.06%. The absence of the bioactive compound quercetin in the kelakai extract indicates that the flavonoid profile of this plant is likely dominated by other groups, such as kaempferol and its glycoside (astragalin), which still responded positively in the total flavonoid test. Conclusion: Quercetin was not detected in the kelakai extract using the HPLC method under the analytical conditions used. Keywords: HPLC method; Kelakai; Quercetin; Stenochlaena palustris. Pendahuluan: Kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) merupakan tanaman endemik Kalimantan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pangan fungsional dan obat tradisional karena mengandung senyawa bioaktifnya. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan kelakai memiliki kadar flavonoid total dan aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat. Tujuan: Untuk melakukan skrining spesifik terhadap senyawa quercetin pada ekstrak kelakai. Metode: Menggunakan metode High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), mengingat quercetin sering dijadikan indikator potensi kesehatan suatu bahan pangan. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan kolom C18 dengan fase gerak isokratik campuran asam fosfat dan metanol, serta deteksi pada panjang gelombang 370 nm. Hasil: Senyawa quercetin tidak terdeteksi dalam ekstrak kelakai. Namun, validitas metode terbukti melalui uji akurasi menggunakan teknik spiking standar 10 mg/L, yang menghasilkan nilai perolehan kembali (recovery) rata-rata sebesar 104,06%. Tidak adanya senyawa bioaktif quercetin dalam ekstrak kelakai menunjukkan bahwa profil flavonoid tanaman ini kemungkinan didominasi oleh kelompok lain, seperti kaempferol dan glikosidanya (astragalin), yang tetap memberikan respon positif pada uji total flavonoid. Simpulan: Quercetin tidak terdeteksi dalam ekstrak kelakai menggunakan metode HPLC pada kondisi analisis yang digunakan. Kata Kunci: Kelakai; Metode HPLC; Quercetin; Stenochlaena palustris.

Faktor pola makan dan aktifitas fisik yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi Yunani ani; Seojiah Ratu Bayinah; Purwati Purwati; Al Murham
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): May Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i1.3277

Background: Hypertension is a growing public health problem and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is caused by a diet high in sodium and low in fiber. Non-communicable diseases, including hypertension, remain a government priority program year after year. The global death rate from hypertension is estimated to reach 10.44 million annually. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between dietary factors and physical activity with the incidence of hypertension. Methods: This quantitative research used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. This research used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach on adult respondents. It was conducted at the Hajimena Community Health Center in Sidosari Village, Simbaringin Hamlet, South Lampung. Data were collected through questionnaires on diet, physical activity, and blood pressure measurements. Results: Research shows that there is no relationship between dietary patterns and the incidence of hypertension with a p-value of 0.516. There is a relationship between physical activity patterns and the incidence of hypertension with a p-value of 0.008. Conclusion: As a result of this study, physical activity has an important role in the occurrence of hypertension, while diet was not shown to be significantly related in this study. Keywords: Diet; Hypertension; Physical Activity; Risk Factors. Pendahuluan: Hipertensi adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang terus meningkat dan merupakan faktor risiko utama penyakit kardiovaskular. Hipertensi disebabkan oleh pola makan yang tinggi natrium dan rendah serat. Penyakit tidak menular termasuk hipertensi masih menjadi program prioritas pemerintah dari tahun ke tahun. Angka kematian akibat hipertensi di dunia diperkirakan mencapai 10,44 juta jiwa setiap tahunnya. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan faktor pola makan dan aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian hipertensi. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan menggunakan analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional Menggunakan desain analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada responden dewasa. Dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Hajimena Lampung Selatan di Desa Sidosari Dusun Simbaringin. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner pola makan, aktivitas fisik, serta pengukuran tekanan darah. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi dengan p-value=0,516, Ada hubungan antara pola aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian hipertensi dengan p-value=0,008. Simpulan: Sebagai hasil dari penelitian ini, aktivitas fisik memiliki peran penting dalam kejadian hipertensi, sedangkan pola makan tidak terbukti berhubungan secara signifikan dalam penelitian ini. Kata Kunci: Aktivitas Fisik; Faktor Risiko; Hipertensi; Pola Makan.

Analisis hubungan ketepatan penggunaan obat antihipertensi dengan keberhasilan terapi pada pasien hipertensi disertai diabetes melitus Suny Koswara; Junaida Rahmi; Nurwulan Adi Ismaya; Ikhsanul Kahfi
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): May Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i1.3308

Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are two common degenerative diseases that increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. Rational use of antihypertensive medications can achieve successful therapy. Purpose: To determine the relationship between the appropriate use of antihypertensive drugs and the success of therapy in respondents with hypertension accompanied by diabetes mellitus. Method: Using a descriptive observational cross-sectional design, where data were collected retrospectively through patient medical records. The study was conducted at Qadr Hospital from July to December 2024. The sample consisted of 101 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed anivariately and bivariately using the chi-square test. Results: The characteristics are dominated by women (63.4%), age 45-59 (60.4%), and housewives (43.6%). The profile of antihypertensive drug use is mostly a combination of two drugs (47.5%), and single therapy (26.7%). Evaluation of the rationality of drug use shows that the indication is correct (100.0%), the dose is correct (100.0%), the drug is correct (98.0%), and the patient is correct (91.1%). The results of the chi-square analysis obtained a value (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the accuracy of drug use and the success of therapy in hypertensive patients accompanied by diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Antihypertensive Drugs; Diabetes Mellitus; Hypertension; Rationality,Therapy Success. Pendahuluan: Hipertensi dan diabetes melitus merupakan dua penyakit degeneratif yang sering terjadi dan meningkatkan risiko komplikasi kardiovaskular. Penggunaan obat antihipertensi secara rasional dapat mencapai keberhasilan terapi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ketepatan penggunaan obat antihipertensi dengan keberhasilan terapi pada responden hipertensi disertai diabetes melitus. Metode: Menggunakan observasional deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional), Dimana data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif melaui rekam medis pasien. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Qadr periode Juli - Desember 2024. Sampel terdiri dari 101 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data dianalisis secara anivariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil: Menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik didominasi oleh Perempuan (63.4%), usia 45-59 (60.4%), dan pekerjaan IRT (43.6%). Profil penggunaan obat antihipertensi terbanyak dengan kombinasi dua obat (47.5%). Dan terapi Tunggal (26.7%). Evaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan obat menunjukkan tepat indikasi (100%), tepat dosis (100%), tepat obat (98.0%), tepat pasien (91.1%). Hasil analisis chi-square didapat nilai (p-value = 0.000). Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara ketepatan penggunaan obat dengan keberhasilan terapi pada pasien hipertensi disertai dengan diabetes melitus. Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus; Hipertensi; Keberhasilan Terapi; Obat Antihipertensi; Rasionalitas.

Hubungan faktor demografi dengan kepatuhan minum obat amlodipine pada pasien hipertensi program rujuk balik (PRB) Jingga Nur Aini A, R; Titi Agni Hutahaen; Abdul Basith
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): June Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i2.3359

Background: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is a major health problem, with a steadily increasing prevalence and contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates. The success of hypertension therapy is greatly influenced by patient adherence to antihypertensive medications, one of which is amlodipine. This adherence is influenced by various factors, including demographics. Purpose: To determine the relationship between demographic factors and adherence to taking amlodipine medication in hypertension patients in the Referral Program (PRB). Method: This study employed a cross-sectional analytical approach. Primary data were obtained through a questionnaire covering demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, occupation, and duration of illness) and compliance levels using the MMAS-8 questionnaire. The sample in this study consisted of 51 hypertensive patients who met the inclusion criteria. Results: The results showed that patient adherence levels varied, with some patients having low to high adherence. Correlation analysis showed that several demographic factors were associated with medication adherence. Age, education, occupation, gender, and duration of illness contributed differently to patient adherence. Conclusion: There is a relationship between demographic factors and adherence to amlodipine medication in patients with hypertension (PRB). Therefore, healthcare professionals, particularly pharmacists, need to play a role in providing education and a more adaptive approach tailored to patient characteristics to improve adherence to therapy. Keywords: Amlodipine; Demographic Factors; Hypertension; Medication Adherence; PRB.

Evaluasi potensi interaksi obat pada pasien rawat inap penderita hipertensi dengan sindrom metabolik Nur Afni Syariah Nasar; Gina Auliah; Vina Fauziah
JOURNAL OF Pharmacy and Tropical Issues Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): June Edition 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/pti.v6i2.3426

Background: Hypertension with metabolic syndrome is a condition that often requires combination therapy, thus increasing the risk of drug interactions. Purpose: To determine the potential for drug interactions and factors related to the occurrence of drug interactions in hospitalized patients with hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Method: Using an observational method with a cross-sectional design, the study sample consisted of 121 respondents. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis to describe respondent characteristics, bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests to determine the relationship between variables, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression to determine the factors most influential on drug interaction events. Results: Bivariate analysis showed that the number of medications significantly correlated with drug interactions (p-value = 0.026), while gender, age, and length of stay did not (p-value > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the number of medications tended to be the most influential factor in drug interactions, with an OR of 1.262 and a p-value of 0.074. Conclusion: The number of medications is the most influential factor influencing the occurrence of drug interactions in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome. The more medications a patient takes, the greater the risk of drug interactions. Therefore, regular monitoring of medication use and evaluation of therapy are necessary to improve the safety and effectiveness of patient therapy. Keywords: Drug Interactions; Hypertension; Hospitalization; Metabolic Syndrome; Polypharmacy.

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Desti Verani

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INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Desti Verani

Contact Email mail@iphorr.com

Phone +62895356428751

Journal Mail Official jurnalpti207@gmail.com

Editorial Address Jl. Raden Imba Kusuma Ratu Gang Durian No.40, Sukadana Ham, 3 Kota Bandar Lampung 5247

Location Kota bandar lampung, Lampung INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Desti Verani

Contact Email
mail@iphorr.com

Phone
+62895356428751

Journal Mail Official
jurnalpti207@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Raden Imba Kusuma Ratu Gang Durian No.40, Sukadana Ham, 3 Kota Bandar Lampung 5247

Location
Kota bandar lampung,

Lampung

INDONESIA