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Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Published by Persatuan Ahli Gizi Indonesia
ISSN : 01259717     EISSN : 23388358     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36457
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences
Focus and Scope Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan is a journal developed to disseminate and discuss the scientific literature and other research on the development of health in the field of food and nutrition. This journal is intended as a medium for communication among stake holders on health research such asresearchers, educators, students, practitioners of Health Office, Department of Health, Public Health Service center, as well as the general public who have an interest in the matter. The journal is trying to meet the growing need to study health. Vision: Becoming a notable national journal in the field of food and nutritions towards a reputable international journal. Mission: Providing scientific communication media in food and nutritions research in order to advance science andtechnology in related fields. Organizes scholarly journal publishing in health research with an attempt to achieve a high impact factorin the development of science and technology.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 597 Documents
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KEJADIAN PENDEK-GEMUK PADA ANAK BERUSIA BAWAH DUA TAHUN BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KONSUMSI LEMAK DAN PENDIDIKAN IBU Nur Handayani Utami; Dwi Siska Kumala Putri; Bunga Ch Rosa
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4003.1-10

Abstract

ABSTRACTLinear growth retardation (stunting) is still prevalent in developing countries. On the other hand, the prevalence of overweight and obesity also increases. The result of the situation is double burden of child nutrition status, both stunted and obese/overweight at time same. The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of children under two years of age who are stunted and overweight at the same time and its associated factors in Indonesia. The study used secondary data from the National Basic Health Research in 2010. The samples were 2116 under two year of age from all provinces in Indonesia. Anthropometry indices were generated using 2005 WHO standards for children. A child that categorized as stunted and overweight were those with a length-for-age z-score <-2 SD and a weight-for-length z-score >2SD from the median of the reference standard adjusted for the relevant sex and age group. Logistic regression and sample weighting factors were performed for the data analysis. The result wasthe prevalence of stunting with concurrent overweight 19.8 percent. Factors that significantly associated with stunting overweight were fat intake and maternal education. Low fat intake was associated with stunting and overweight (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29-0.94). Mother with no schooling is also associated with stunting and overweight of their children (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.35-7.78). This analysis emphasizes that there had been double burden of child nutrition among children in Indonesia.However, eventhough low fat intake was one of the factors associated with stunting and overweight among under two children, restriction of fat intake in first year of life is not recommended.Keywords: stunting overweight, factors, under two years old children, IndonesiaABSTRAKGangguan pertumbuhan linear (pendek) masih lazim di negara-negara berkembang. Namun, transisi gizi telah membuat prevalensi gemuk dan obesitas juga meningkat. Ini membawa efek pada masalah gizi ganda pada anak-anak. Mereka menjadi pendek dan obes/kelebihan berat badan (pendek-gemuk) pada saat yang bersamaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi anak di bawah dua tahun yang pendek dan gemuk pada waktu yang bersamaan dan faktor-faktor yang terkait di Indonesia. Data Riset Kesehatan Dasar tahun 2010 sebagai bahan pengolahan dan analisis, dengan sampel 2116 anak dibawah usia dua tahun dari seluruh provinsi di Indonesia. Perhitungan z-skor dilakukan menggunakan acuan standar WHO 2005. Anak yang pendek-gemuk memiliki panjang badan menurut umur (TB/U) <-2 SD dan nilai z-skor berat badan menurut panjang badan >2 SD dari median populasi acuan untuk jenis kelamin dan umur yang relevan. Uji statistik menggunakan uji regresi logistik dan faktor pembobotan sampel. Hasil analisis menunjukkan prevalensi anak di bawah dua tahun yang pendek dan gemuk sebesar 19,8 persen. Faktor yang berhubungan secara signifikan adalah asupan lemak dan pendidikan ibu. Asupan lemak yang rendah berhubungan dengan terjadinya pendek dan gemuk (OR 0,52, 95% CI 0,29-0,94). Ibu yang tidak bersekolah juga berhubungan dengan terjadinya pendek dan gemuk pada anak (OR 3,24, 95% CI 1,35-7,78). Analisis ini menekankan bahwa telah terjadi masalah gizi ganda pada anak berusia di bawah dua tahun (baduta) di Indonesia. Walaupun asupan lemak berhubungan dengan terjadinya pendek dan gemuk pada baduta, namun berdasarkan beberapa literatur pembatasan konsumsi lemak pada tahun pertama kehidupan tidaklah dianjurkan.[Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 1-10]Kata kunci: pendek-gemuk, anak berusia di bawah dua tahun, Indonesia
NILAI BATAS DAN INDIKATOR OBESITAS TERHADAP TERJADINYA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 Made Dewi Susilawati; Krisnawati Bantas; Abas Basuni Jahari
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4004.11-20

Abstract

ABSTRACTObesity is a risk factor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the obesity indicator having most clear association still varies. The purpose of the study was to determine cut-off point of three different indicators of obesity body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) and compare the three indicators of obesity in detecting of T2DM. The study was a secondary data analysis using data of baseline cohort study of non communicable desease. Total sample for the analysis was 1415 adult subjects. Multiple logistic regression and Receiving Operating Characteristic (ROC) methods implied to analyze the assosiation. The results showed that cut - off point and strength of the relationship using BMI was more than 26 kg/m2 (Se 0.65, Sp 0.64 ; Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.67 ), OR 2.45 ( 95% CI 1.66 - 3.62 ), WC men and women was more than 81 cm ( Se 0.63 ; Sp 0.63 ; AUC 0.68 ), OR 2.43 ( 95% CI 1.65 - 3.57 ), and WHtR was more than 0.53 ( Se 0.70 ; Sp 0.60; AUC 0.69 ,) OR 2.68 ( 95% CI 1.79 - 4.01 ). The conclusion of this study is that the strength of assosiation among the three indicators of obesity and the type 2 diabetes is similar after controlled by age, family history, hypertension and physical activity.Keywords : type 2 diabetes mellitus, receiving operating characteristic, indicators of obesity, area under the curveABSTRAKBerbagai penelitian telah membuktikan obesitas sebagai salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 (DMT2), namun demikian hasilnya masih bervariasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan cut-off point tiga indikator obesitas indeks massa tubuh (IMT), lingkar perut (LP) dan rasio lingkar perut-tinggi badan (LP/TB) serta membandingkan dari ketiga indikator obesitas dalam mendeteksi terjadinya DMT2. Desain penelitian potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder 1415 sampel dewasa dari baseline studi kohort Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM). Analisis menggunakan regresi logistik ganda dan metode Receiving Operating Characteristic (ROC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai cut-off point dan kekuatan hubungan menggunakan indikator obesitas umum IMT ≥ 26 kg/m2 (Se 0,65; Sp 0,64; AUC 0,67), OR 2,45 (95% CI 1,66-3,62), LP laki-laki dan perempuan ≥ 81 cm (Se 0,63; Sp 0,63; AUC 0,68), OR 2,43 (95% CI 1,65-3,57), dan LP/TB ≥ 0,53 (Se 0,70; Sp 0,60; AUC 0,69) OR 2,68 (95% CI 1,79-4,01). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa kekuatan hubungan ketiga indikator obesitas terhadap terjadinya DMT2, tidak jauh berbeda setelah dikontrol umur, riwayat keluarga, hipertensi dan aktivitas fisik. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 11-20]Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus tipe 2, receiving operating characteristic, indikator obesitas, area under the curve
PROPORSI DAN FAKTOR RISIKO SINDROM METABOLIK PADA PEKERJA WANITA DI PABRIK GARMEN DI KOTA BOGOR Siti Aisyah Solechah; Dodik Briawan; Lilik Kustiyah
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4005.21-32

Abstract

ABSTRACTMany studies on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Indonesia were conducted but the study on female workers was scarce. The aim of this study was to obtain the proportion of MetS and its risk factors. Study design was cross-sectional and a number of 59 female workers aged 25-49 years at garmen factory in Bogor, West Java was pregnant or breastfeed women participated in this study. Collected data included blood pressure, serum level of triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), fasting blood glucose, activity, food consumption, anthropometry (weight and height) and social economic.The results showed that the proportion of MetS was 18,6 percent and family size was the significant risk factor for MetS (p<0.05; OR for family size = 6.286; 95% CI: 1.270 -31.102). Physical activity level and nutrient adequacy were not shown as risk factors. This result implied that controlling family size might be important to reduce prevalence of MetS among female workers in Indonesia.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, proportion, risk factors, female workersABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai sindrom metabolik (SM) telah banyak dilakukan di Indonesia tetapi penelitian yang berfokus pada pekerja wanita masih jarang dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh proporsi SM dan faktor-faktor risikonya. Penelitian berdesain potong lintang ini dilakukan pada 59 pekerja wanita berusia 25-49 tahun di pabrik garmen Bogor, Jawa Barat yang tidak sedang hamil atau menyusui. Data yang dikumpulkan termasuk tekanan darah, kadar trigliserida, profil lemak (HDL), gula darah puasa, aktivitas, konsumsi makanan, antropometri (berat dan tinggi badan) dan data sosial ekonomi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proporsi SM pada pekerja wanita sebesar 18,6 persen dan besar keluarga agaknya merupakan faktor risiko SM yang signifikan (p<0,05; OR untuk besar keluarga = 6,286; interval kepercayaan 95%: 1,270-31,102). Tingkat aktivitas fisik dan kecukupan zat gizi tidak terlihat sebagai faktor risiko SM. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa agaknya pengontrolan besar keluarga dapat menjadi langkah penting untuk menurunkan proporsi SM pada pekerja wanita di Indonesia. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 21-32].Kata kunci: sindrom metabolik, proporsi, faktor risiko, pekerja wanita
POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN, KEBIASAAN MAKAN, DAN DENSITAS GIZI PADA MASYARAKAT KASEPUHAN CIPTAGELAR JAWA BARAT Linda Dwi Jayati; Siti Madanijah; Ali Khomsan
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4006.33-42

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine food consumption patterns, eating habits, and its effect on the density of nutrient intake in Kasepuhan Ciptagelar a traditional village community in West Java. Cross–sectional design was implied for this study. A total of 65 eligible households participated in the study. Household’s food consumption data which were used to calculate nutrient density score and density of nutrient intake were collected using 24-hour recall. Nutrient density scores were calculated by using Nutrient Rich Food Index 9.3 to compare nutrient intake of food with Daily Value based on FAO standards. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that socio-economic factors most affecting iron density was age of husband. Meanwhile, food habits factor significantly affecting protein density was meal frequency. Food preference significantly affected on calcium density. Other socio-economic factors including family size, household income, and the amount of rice in rice barn; and socio-cultural factors of food taboos have no significant effect on density of nutrient intake. Nutrient intake from more variety foods should be increased to fulfill nutrient adequacy of individuals, especially girl adolescent and pregnant mothers who observed food taboos in this community.Keywords: density of nutrient intake, nutrient density, traditional communityABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pola konsumsi pangan dan kebiasaan makan serta pengaruhnya terhadap densitas asupan zat gizi pada masyarakat Kasepuhan Ciptagelar di Jawa Barat. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan total subjek sebanyak 65 rumah tangga. Skor densitas zat gizi pangan dihitung menggunakan metode Nutrient Rich Food Index 9.3. Analisis menggunakan regresi linear menunjukkan bahwa variabel umur suami berpengaruh terhadap densitas asupan zat besi rumah tangga. Salah satu variabel kebiasaan makan yaitu frekuensi makan rumah tangga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap densitas asupan protein rumah tangga, sedangkan preferensi pangan sayur-sayuran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap densitas asupan kalsium rumah tangga. Aspek sosial ekonomi rumah tangga lainnya meliputi besar keluarga, pendapatan perkapita, dan jumlah ketersediaan padi di dalam lumbung padi; serta salah satu aspek sosio-budaya pangan meliputi tabu makanan tidak berpengaruh terhadap densitas asupan zat gizi rumah tangga. Asupan zat gizi dari pangan lain sebaiknya lebih ditingkatkan untuk memenuhi kecukupan zat gizi individu, khususnya individu yang mempraktikkan tabu makanan pada masyarakat tersebut. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 33-42]Kata kunci: densitas asupan zat gizi, densitas zat gizi pangan, masyarakat tradisional
DETERMINAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK ANAK BERUSIA 2-5 TAHUN: STUDI KASUS DI KELURAHAN KEBON KALAPA BOGOR Indri Yunita Suryaputri; Bunga Ch Rosha; Dwi Anggraeni
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4007.43-50

Abstract

ABSTRACTAge under of five years is an important period in child. At this period a child has a pattern of rapid growth and development. One aspect to measure development is child motoric ability wich is affected by a number of factors including nutritional status. The aim of the study was to measure the association between nutritional status and delay of motoric developmet. Participants of the study were 100 children 2-5 years old in Kebon Kalapa, Bogor. Logistic regression analysis to explore risk for delay of motoric development were performed. Results of the study observed that risks for motoric development were absence of motoric stimulation (OR 4.39; CI 1.43-13,51), younger age group (OR 3.81; CI 1.46-9.91) and working mother (OR 3.43; CI 1.16-10.15). The study concluded that children who had toys for motoric stimulation and mother having spent time more for taking care to child, and motoric stimulation at early age would lower delayed motoric development.Keywords: nutritional status, motoric development, motoric stimulationABSTRAKMasa anak di bawah usia lima tahun (balita) merupakan masa penting dalam hidup, pada masa ini anak memiliki pola pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang cepat. Salah satu aspek perkembangan yang perlu diperhatikan ialah perkembangan kemampuan motorik. Berbagai faktor termasuk faktor status gizi dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan kemampuan motorik anak balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi hubungan antara status gizi dengan keterlambatan perkembangan motorik anak. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 100 anak usia 2-5 tahun di Kebon Kalapa, Bogor. Regresi logistik digunakan untuk mengetahui risiko keterlambatan perkembangan motorik anak. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa faktor risiko keterlambatan perkembangan motorik anak antara lain tidak adanya stimulasi motorik (OR 4.39; CI 1.43-13,51), kelompok usia yang lebih muda, (OR 3.81; CI 1.46-9.91) serta ibu yang bekerja (OR 3.43; CI 1.16-10.15). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah bahwa anak yang memiliki mainan stimulasi motorik serta ibu yang menyediakan waktu untuk mengasuh dan memberikan stimulasi kemampuan motorik anak pada usia dini akan menurunkan risiko anak untuk mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan motorik [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 43-50]Kata kunci: status gizi, perkembangan motorik, stimulasi motorik
ASUPAN SERAT MAKANAN DAN KADAR KOLESTEROL-LDL PENDUDUK BERUSIA 25-65 TAHUN DI KELURAHAN KEBON KALAPA, BOGOR Yunita Diana Sari; Sri Prihatini; Krisnawati Bantas
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4008.51-58

Abstract

ABSTRACTOne of the main risk factor for atherosclerosis is hypercholesterolemia as measured by elevated LDL cholesterol level. Life style change by lack of fruits and vegetables consumption considered a risk to increased cholesterol level. Intake of dietary fiber provide many health benefits. Dietary fiber intake may reduced the risk for the occurrence of various diseases, such as coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. The aim of this study was to measure the association between dietary fiber consumption and the content of LDL cholesterol for the people of 25-65 years of age at Kebon Kelapa Village in Bogor in 2013. The study was a cross-sectional design. The study utilized baseline data from Cohort Study of Non Communicable Disease Risk Factors conducted by National Institute of Health Research and Development using bivariate analysis. The result showed that the proportion of high LDL cholesterol was 78.3% with the mean cholesterol level 120 mg/dl. The mean daily dietary fiber consumption was 7 gram/day. All samples significant consumed food fiber below RDA(<25 gram/day) which 78.3 percent of them had high LDL cholesterol levels. Age, intake of fat and vegetable protein had a significant association with LDL cholesterol levels.Keywords: LDL cholesterol, dietary fiber intake, HypercholesterolemiaABSTRAKSalah satu faktor risiko utama penyebab aterosklerosis adalah hiperkolesterolemia yang ditunjukkan dengan terjadinya peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL. Perubahan pola hidup yang ditandai dengan kurang mengonsumsi sayuran dan buah merupakan salah satu risiko terjadinya peningkatan kadar kolesterol LDL. Asupan serat makanan memberikan banyak keuntungan bagi kesehatan. Asupan serat-makanan dapat mengurangi risiko untuk terjadinya berbagai penyakit, seperti PJK, stroke, hipertensi, diabetes,dan obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan serat-makanan dengan kadar kolesterol LDL pada penduduk usia 25-65 tahun di Kelurahan Kebon Kalapa, Bogor, tahun 2013. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan sampel data dasar (baseline data) Studi Kohor Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular yang dilakukan oleh Badan Litbangkes tahun 2011 dan dianalisis secara bivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan proporsi penduduk usia 25-65 tahun dengan kolesterol LDL tinggi sebesar 78,3 persen dengan rata-rata kadar kolesterol LDL 120 mg/dl. Rata-rata asupan serat-makanan sebesar 7 gram/hari. Seluruh (100 persen) responden mengonsumsi serat-makanan dibawah yang dianjurkan (<25 gram/hari) dimana 78,3 persen diantaranya mempunyai kadar kolesterol LDL tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel umur, asupan lemak dan asupan protein nabati secara bermakna mempunyai hubungan dengan kadar kolesterol LDL. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 51-58]Kata kunci: kolesterol LDL, asupan serat makanan, hiperkolesterolemia
PENGARUH SUPLEMENTASI MIKROALGA SPIRULINA TERHADAP ASUPAN IODIUM PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR DI DAERAH ENDEMIK GAKI Sri Nuryani Wahyuningrum; Agus Wibowo
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4009.59-68

Abstract

ABSTRACTIodine is an essential micronutrient for thyroid hormone function. The government has implemented mandatory salt iodization to control iodine deficiency disorder (IDD). Spirulina is a microalgae contaiing 94,5μg/g iodine (60 percent RDI of iodine in adult woman), which can be used as alternative source of natural iodine. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spirulina supplementation on iodine intake in women of childbearing age in the IDD endemic area. The design of the study was Randomized Control Trial (RCT) double-blind. The subjects were 60 women of childbearing aged 18-40 years in Kulo Progo, Yogyakarta. Subjects were divided into 2 groups randomly, the treatment group was given spirulina 1 gr/day and the control group was given pacebo, for 3 months. Median Urinary Iodine Excretion (UIE) was used to measure iodine intake. The result showed that median UIE in both groups at weeks 0 and 6 were sufficient (100-199 μg/L). At week 12 the median UIE in the treatment group were increase to 211 μg/L. There was a significant difference in median UIE at week 12 between 2 groups (P<0,05). There was a relationship between the increasing in median UIE with iodine intake at week 12 in the treatment group. Spirulina supplementation improves iodine intake in woman of childbearing age in IDD endemic area.Keywords: intervention, urinary iodine excretio, spirulina microalgaeABSTRAKIodium merupakan mikronutrien penting untuk pembentukan hormon tiroid. Progam nasional pemerintah untuk memenuhi asupan iodium masyarakat yaitu melalui fortifikasi iodium dalam garam. Spirulina merupakan mikroalga laut yang mempunyai kandungan iodium 94,5 μg/gr (60 persen AKG iodium pada wanita dewasa), diharapkan bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber iodium alami alternatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi spirulina terhadap asupan iodium pada Wanita Usia Subur (WUS) di daerah endemik GAKI. Desain penelittian adalah Randomized Control Trial (RCT) double blind. Subyek penelitian adalah 60 orang WUS usia 18-40 tahun di Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. WUS dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok secara random, kelompok perlakuan diberi spirulina 1 gr/hari dan kelompok kontrol diberi plasebo, selama 3 bulan. Perubahan asupan iodium dilihat melalui median Urinary Iodine Excretion (UIE) pada minggu ke-0, 6 dan 12. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan median UIE pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol pada saat minggu ke-0 dan ke-6 berada dalam status iodium cukup (100-199 μg/L). Pada minggu ke-12 status iodium pada kelompok perlakuan mengalami kenaikan dengan nilai median UIE 211 μg/L. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan median UIE pada minggu ke-12 antara 2 kelompok (P < 0,05). Terdapat hubungan antara kenaikan median UIE dengan asupan iodium pada minggu ke-12 pada kelompok perlakuan. Suplementasi mikroalga spirulina dapat meningkatkan asupan iodium WUS di daerah endemik GAKI. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 59-68].Kata kunci: intervensi, urinary iodine excretion, mikroalga spirulina
CONSUMPTION OF CARBONATED BEVERAGES AND THE RISK FOR GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Puspo Edi Giriwono; Nuri Andarwulan; Rimbawan Rimbawan; Deddy Muchtadi
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4010.69-76

Abstract

ABSTRACTIssues of different effects of carbonated soft drinks to human health have been circulated and analyzed in both scientific and non-scientific approaches. However, there is few publications discussing the specific effect of carbonation on human health and, more often than not, studies have largely concentrated on the effect of sugar or calorie content in carbonated beverages in affecting our health. Thus the effect of carbonation itself on human health is then lost in arguments contradicting or reaffirming the effect of carbonated soft drinks. We conducted this systematic review to specifically observe current findings on the effect of carbonation in beverages on human health. This systematic review was conducted using Scirus search engine to list articles relevant with keywords such as CO2, carbonated beverage, carbonation, sparkling water, gastrointestinal, gastro-esophageal and adenocarcinoma. Next, articles were obtained from numerous databases and screened for their relevance and context. Finally, peer reading and discussion were conducted for the writing of this article. The results of this systematic review observed three major article subjects currently correlated with exclusive effect of carbonation on gastrointestinal health. Published studies indicate that oral cavity/dental health, gastro-esophageal reflux and most recently esophageal adenocarcinoma are discussed frequently and observed in population studies in different countries consuming significant quantities of carbonated beverages. Eight articles (40%) discussed dominant factors not correlated with carbonation which significantly affect dental erosions. Six (33%) articles observed no clear clinical significance carbonation promotes or exacerbate gastro-esophageal reflux. Interestingly, five (27%) articles reported insignificant correlation, even inversed, of carbonation on esophageal carcinoma.Currently available scientific studies on populations in multiple countries show that the effect of carbonation in beverages has non-significant (statistically) effect on the health of the gastrointestinal tract.Keywords: Carbonated beverages, gastrointestinal, GERD, esophageal adenocarcinoma*ABSTRAKIsu mengenai dampak karbonasi pada minuman ringan terhadap kesehatan, terutama kesehatan saluran pencernaan, telah banyak beredar beserta pembahasannya, baik secara ilmiah maupun tidak. Efek kesehatan dari unsur karbonasi pada minuman ringan sangat jarang dibahas dan dipublikasikan pada jurnal ilmiah. Melakukan systematic review status ilmiah terkini khusus mengenai dampak karbonasi dalam berbagai produk minuman terhadap kesehatan saluran pencernaan. Scirus search engine digunakan untuk melacak artikel ilmiah dengan kata kunci khusus, yakni CO2, carbonated beverage, carbonation, sparkling water, gastrointestinal, gastro-esophageal and adenocarcinoma. Tahap ini dilanjutkan dengan penapisan (screening) untuk kesesuaian subjek artikel dan akses. Tahap terakhir adalah focus group discussion bersama peer/ahli dalam bidang gizi, kesehatan dan keamanan pangan. Hasil dari systematic review memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat tiga kelompok pembahasan utama yang berhubungan dengan efek karbonasi terhadap kesehatan saluran pencernaan, yaitu kesehatan pada gigi/rongga mulut, refluks esofagus dan kanker esofagus. Hasil skrining menunjukkan 40 persen published articles membahas dental health, 33 persen membahas gastro-oestrophageal health dan 27 persen membahas esophageal adenocarcinoma. Delapan artikel yang membahas dental health menunjukkan erosi yang dapat terjadi disebabkan oleh faktor lain di luar karbonasi. Enam artikel yang membahas gastro-oestrophageal health menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi antara faktor karbonasi dengan refluks ataupun refluks kronis yang terjadi. Sementara 5 artikel memperlihatkan observasi yang berkorelasi terbalik dengan risiko munculnya kanker esofagus. Systematic review menunjukkan bahwa saat ini berbagai artikel ilmiah relevan yang sudah dipublikasikan menyimpulkan dampak karbonasi pada minuman terhadap kesehatan saluran pencernaan tidak signifikan secara statistik klinis. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 69-76]Kata kunci: Minuman berkarbonasi, penyakit saluran pencernaan, GERD, esophageal adenocarcinoma
EFEK PROPOLIS TERHADAP FUNGSI DAN PERLEMAKAN HATI TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) MODEL HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA Diah Krisnansari; Hidayat Sulistyo; Viva Ratih Bening Ati
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 37 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v37i1.4011.77-85

Abstract

ABSTRACTCardiovascular disease has become the main cause of death due to hypercholesterolemia.Keywords : SGOT, SGPT, fatty liver, propolis ABSTRAK Penyakit kardiovaskuler menjadi penyebab utama kematian yang disebabkan hiperkolesterolemia. Propolis dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol plasma. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek propolis terhadap fungsi dan perlemakan hati tikus putih model hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan desain pre-post test. Tiga puluh ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) jantan berumur 12-16 minggu, berat badan 125-200 gr dikelompokkan menjadi 6 kelompok. Kelompok I : pakan standard + sonde aquadest; kelompok II: pakan standard + sonde propolis 0,054 gr, kelompok III: pakan tinggi kolesterol + Propiltiourasil (PTU) 0,01% + sonde aquadest; kelompok IV: pakan tinggi kolesterol + PTU 0,01% + sonde propolis 0,054 gr; kelompok V : pakan tinggi kolesterol + PTU 0,01% + sonde propolis 0,108 gr dan kelompok VI : pakan tinggi kolesterol + PTU 0,01% + sonde propolis 0,0162 gr. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 30 hari. Sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan dilakukan pengukuran kadar serum glutamat-oksaloasetat transaminase (SGOT) dan serum glutamate-piruvat transaminase (SGPT), sesudah perlakuan hewan coba diterminasi untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan mikroskopis perlemakan hati. Analisis menggunakan One Way Anova yang dilanjutkan dengan LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan aktivitas SGOT (p = 0,018) dan SGPT (p = 0,038) antar kelompok. Perlemakan hati paling tinggi pada kelompok I dan perlemakan hati paling rendah pada kelompok II. Propolis dosis 0,054 gr dapat memperbaiki fungsi dan perlemakan hati tikus hiperkolesterolemia. [Penel Gizi Makan 2014, 37(1): 77-85] Kata kunci: SGOT, SGPT, perlemakan hati, propolis Bee propolis has been used widely to reduce plasma cholesterol levels. The aims of this research was to measure the effect of propolis on liver function and fatty liver of hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats. This was an experimental study with pre-post design. Thirty male Wistar rats aged 12-16 week, weight 125-200 g were allocated into 6 groups. Group I: standard meal + aquadest-gavage; group II: standard meal + 0,054 gr propolis-gavage, group III: high cholesterol meal+PTU 0,01+aquadest gavage; group IV: high cholesterol meal+Propiltiourasil (PTU) 0,01 + 0,054 gr propolis-gavage; group V: high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01+ 0,108 gr propolis-gavage and group VI: high cholesterol meal + PTU 0,01+ 0,162 gr propolis-gavage. Serum glutamat-oksaloasetat transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate-piruvat transaminase (SGPT) levels before and after treatment were measure. Analisys of microscopic fatty liver was conducted after scarification of rats. Data were analysed by One Way Anova to LSD test. The study showed that there were significant differences in SGOT and SGPT between groups. Fatty liver were highest in group I and lowest in group II. Provision of 0,054 g propolis improve liver function and decreased fatty liver of hypercholesterolemic rats.
KARAKTERISASI SIFAT FISIKOKIMIA DAN FUNGSIONAL FRAKSI PATI UWI UNGU (DIOSCOREA ALATA) Lula Nadia; M. Aman Wirakartakusumah; Nuri Andarwulan; Eko Hari Purnomo
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 36 No. 2 (2013)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v36i2.3994.91-102

Abstract

ABSTRACTSize fractionation of yam starch granule could be achieved through dry sieving Retsch Siever with 400 and 500 mesh. Although the fractionation was not completely separate the granule size, however it could provide a significant difference in average size of the fractions. Starch granule morphology, size distribution, amylose and phosphorus contents, crystal structure, thermal properties, and rheological characteristic of the starch fraction were evaluated. In this study, based on the average value of the granule size, significant effects of fraction were obtained on phosphorus content and relative crystallinity of the starch. The size fraction differences did not give a significant impact on its gelatinization character, while in the pasta formations the effect of the fraction was found in peak and final viscosity. In the bigger size fraction, the phosphorus content increased but the relative crystallinity decreased. These differences made the large size fraction of starch granule had the advantage in paste profiling than starches and fractions against stirring, heating and cooling for its potential use in food processing as thickner.Keywords: dioscorea alata, starch, size fractionation, size distribution, viscoelastisityABSTRAKFraksinasi ukuran granula pati uwi dapat dicapai dengan menggunakan pengayakan kering Retsch Siever 400 dan 500 mesh. Meskipun metode fraksinasi ini tidak sempurna memisahkan ukuran granula, tetapi dapat memberikan perbedaan yang signifikan dari nilai rerata ukuran fraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi morfologi granula, distribusi ukuran, kandungan amilosa, kadar fosfor, struktur kristal dan kristalinitas relatif, sifat termal, serta karakteristik rheologi dari fraksi pati. Penelitian menunjukkan, berdasarkan nilai rerata ukuran granula, pengaruh signifikan dari fraksi diperoleh pada kandungan fosfor dan kristalinitas relatif pati. Perbedaan ukuran fraksi granula tidak cukup memberi pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap karakter gelatinisasi, sedangkan pada pembentukan pasta, pengaruh ukuran fraksi didapatkan pada puncak viskositas dan viskositas akhir. Didapatkan bahwa kadar fosfor meningkat dan kristalinitas relatif menurun dengan ukuran fraksi granula pati yang semakin besar. Hal ini menjadikan fraksi besar pati uwi ungu memiliki keunggulan profil pasta dari fraksi lainnya terhadap pengadukan, pemanasan dan pendinginan sebagai pengental dalam pengolahan pangan. [Penel Gizi Makan 2013, 36(2): 91-102]Kata kunci: dioscorea alata, pati, fraksinasi ukuran, distribusi ukuran, viskoelastisitas

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