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International Journal for Advanced Research
Published by Outline Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30637651     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61730/055jqz08
Core Subject : Religion, Economy, Humanities, Health, Science, Education, Agriculture, Art, Social, Engineering,
Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Public Health Social Sciences Other
International Journal for Advanced Research (IJAR) is a widely indexed, open access, refereed/peer reviewed, multidisciplinary, international, scientific online journal that helps researchers share their research work. As a multidisciplinary journal, we accept research work from all branches of Science including: Engineering, Medicine & Pharmacy, Business Administration, Physical Sciences, Computers, Technology and Mathematics, Economics, Social Sciences and Arts.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 66 Documents
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Legal Protection for MSMEs in Facing Business Competition Chairus Suriyat; M. Salim; Bambang Sutejo
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 5: February 2025
Publisher : Outline Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/nf2sq788

Abstract

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a strategic role in the Indonesian economy, but often face major challenges in business competition, especially with large companies. Unfair business competition practices, such as monopolies, predatory pricing, and cartels, often harm MSMEs. This study aims to analyze the legal protection available to MSMEs in facing business competition, the effectiveness of existing regulations, and obstacles in their implementation. The research method used is a normative approach with an analysis of applicable laws and regulations, as well as an empirical approach through case studies related to business competition policies in Indonesia. The results of the study show that although there are regulations such as Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning the Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition and Law Number 20 of 2008 concerning Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises, the implementation of legal protection still faces various obstacles. Lack of socialization of regulations, low legal awareness among MSMEs, and limitations in supervision by the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) are the main factors that hinder the effectiveness of legal protection. Therefore, reforms are needed in business competition policy, increasing legal literacy for MSMEs, and synergy between the government, KPPU, and MSME associations to create a fairer and more competitive business ecosystem
Strategy To Increase Culinary MSMEs Sales Through Online Food Delivery Riski Pratama Putra; Angga Ramadani; Yulianti Sari Hutabarat; Lambok Manurung
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/j445km81

Abstract

Medan Timur, a district in Medan, North Sumatra, is home to a rapidly growing culinary industry, with numerous micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) utilizing online food delivery services such as GoFood, GrabFood, and ShopeeFood. This research aims to analyze the impact of online food delivery services on the sales growth of culinary MSMEs in the area. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through observations, interviews, and a literature review from five culinary business owners who have joined these platforms. The findings reveal that nearly all MSMES that joined the platforms experienced significant sales increases, with daily income rising by an average of 150% to 200%. Additionally, MSMEs gained other benefits, such as enhanced business visibility and broader customer access without additional advertising costs. The study also identifies technical challenges faced by some MSMEs, such as payment and transaction management issues, which were resolved with platform support. Overall, the research shows that online food delivery apps play a crucial role in helping culinary MSMEs in Medan Timur thrive, expanding their market reach and increasing their revenues.
Analysis of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Development Sabila Kirani; Sinta Azhari; Syahrial Helmi Putra; Putri Mauliza
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/gan1df81

Abstract

This study examines the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan Sunggal, Medan. Entrepreneurial orientation, including proactivity, risk-taking, and innovation, plays a critical role in enhancing MSME performance, particularly in product development and market competitiveness. The research uses a quantitative approach, with data collected from 85 MSMEs in the region. Validity and reliability tests confirmed the accuracy and consistency of the instruments. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and MSME development, with an R² value of 0.807, indicating that 80.7% of the variance in MSME development can be explained by entrepreneurial orientation. The results suggest that fostering entrepreneurial qualities such as innovation and risk-taking can significantly boost MSME growth. This finding is consistent with previous research and underscores the importance of cultivating entrepreneurial skills among MSME owners and managers. The study recommends that local governments and business development organizations support entrepreneurial programs to enhance MSME performance. Future research could explore other factors affecting MSME success, such as access to finance, market conditions, and government policies, to gain a broader understanding of the dynamics influencing MSME development.
Counseling as a Catalyst for Psychological Freedom and Self-Potential Utami Niki Kusaini; Rema Syelvita; Berru Amalianita; Zubaidah; Yulianti
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/5d63b325

Abstract

This article reviews the role of counseling as a means to help individuals develop their potential in order to achieve psychological freedom. With a systematic approach, counseling helps individuals explore their strengths and weaknesses, and formulate life goals that they want to achieve. This process is not only oriented towards solving psychological problems, but also supports continuous self-development, which can ultimately strengthen self-confidence, increase motivation, and improve individuals' abilities in facing various life challenges. Thus, counseling has a significant role in supporting individuals to live more meaningful and satisfying lives, and achieve the desired psychological well-being. Research and theory that underlie counseling practice show that this approach can have a significant positive influence on an individual's mental well-being.
Legal Analysis of Land Dispute Resolution Based on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Juliaya Maria; Junaidi Lubis; M Salim
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 5: February 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/qkf86s18

Abstract

This study explores the legal dimensions of resolving land disputes through Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in Indonesia. Land disputes remain a persistent problem in the country, often caused by overlapping land claims, unclear land titles, and conflicting interests between communities, corporations, and government entities. Litigation processes are frequently prolonged and costly, which emphasizes the need for effective alternatives. This research aims to analyze how ADR can serve as a viable and just solution by examining its practical application, legal foundation, and societal impact. Using a qualitative approach supported by empirical data from interviews, case studies, and regulatory reviews, this study finds that ADR mechanisms—particularly mediation and negotiation—are capable of offering faster and more flexible dispute resolution compared to litigation. ADR also enables the inclusion of customary values and local wisdom, which is essential in regions where land ownership is deeply tied to tradition and community identity. However, the study also identifies major obstacles, including inconsistent regulatory support, lack of trained mediators, and limited access in rural areas. To maximize ADR’s effectiveness, the study recommends regulatory reform that specifically addresses land-related ADR, greater governmental and non-governmental support in ADR implementation, and public education to improve understanding and trust in these mechanisms. By strengthening ADR frameworks, Indonesia can create a more accessible and culturally responsive system of justice for land disputes. This research contributes to the broader discourse on legal reform and sustainable conflict resolution within the agrarian sector.
The Urgency of Criminal Law Reform to Adapt to the Development of Information Technology Junaidi Lubis; Chairus Suriyati; M. Salim
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/6wxx1c52

Abstract

The advancement of information technology has significantly altered the landscape of crime and law enforcement. Traditional criminal law frameworks, which were designed to address conventional offenses, are increasingly inadequate in responding to modern digital crimes such as cyber fraud, hacking, data theft, and online defamation. This research explores the urgency of criminal law reform in Indonesia to ensure legal instruments remain effective and relevant in the face of technological change. Using a normative legal method and supported by qualitative data, this study analyzes current legislation, including the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP), and identifies its limitations in dealing with crimes facilitated by information technology. The research highlights the gaps in definitions, enforcement procedures, and jurisdictional challenges that emerge from transnational and anonymous digital offenses. The findings show a pressing need to reform criminal law by incorporating more adaptive legal definitions, strengthening cybercrime investigation mechanisms, and enhancing interagency cooperation. Additionally, the research suggests aligning national laws with international cybercrime standards to foster more effective cross-border enforcement. Reforming criminal law is not only necessary for justice but also for protecting digital society from evolving threats.
Juridical Analysis of Consumer Protection in Electronic Transactions Chairus Suriyat; Muhammad Salim Fauzi; Junaidi Lubis; Bambang Sutejo; Irma Herliza Rizki
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/s7f3jc40

Abstract

The increasing use of electronic transactions in the digital age has raised significant concerns regarding consumer protection. Consumers face various risks, such as fraud, product mismatch, delivery delays, and misuse of personal data. This research aims to analyze the juridical framework governing consumer protection in electronic transactions, particularly in Indonesia, where digital commerce is rapidly expanding. By applying a normative juridical method and qualitative analysis, the study reviews existing legislation, including Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, and evaluates its effectiveness in addressing current digital challenges. Findings show that despite having a legal framework, the enforcement and application of consumer protection laws in digital transactions remain limited and inconsistent. Many platforms do not fully comply with legal requirements related to transparency, dispute resolution, and data protection. The study includes statistical data and visual aids such as charts and tables to illustrate the scale of consumer issues in the digital environment. It concludes that there is a need for legal reform, stronger regulatory oversight, and greater platform accountability. Additionally, increasing public awareness and utilizing Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms can enhance consumer protection in the growing e-commerce ecosystem.
Smart Contracts and Virtual Property Disputes in the International Metaverse Economy salim; Arif; Junaidi Lubis; Chairus Suryati; Bambang Sutejo; Irma Herliza Rizki
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/2zz3b072

Abstract

The rapid advancement of blockchain technology and the emergence of the metaverse as a cross-border digital economy have triggered new legal challenges, particularly concerning smart contracts and virtual property disputes. Smart contracts—self-executing agreements coded on blockchain—offer efficiency and transparency but raise critical questions about legal validity, jurisdiction, and dispute resolution when conflicts arise between parties from different countries. In the context of virtual ownership such as digital land, NFTs, and in-world assets, diverging national legal systems complicate the enforcement of rights over virtual property. This study analyzes how smart contracts are utilized in virtual property transactions and examines the evolving international legal approaches to disputes arising from such agreements. The research highlights the urgent need for an adaptive global legal framework, cross-jurisdictional recognition of digital rights, and the role of blockchain-based arbitration bodies as alternatives to traditional dispute resolution. It also explores the relevance of traditional contract law principles in decentralized virtual environments and the regulatory challenges related to digital identity and evidentiary standards. With a multidisciplinary approach, this abstract offers insights into the importance of legal harmonization and international collaboration in supporting a fair, predictable, and legally secure metaverse ecosystem.
Legal Protection for People with Mental Disabilities in the Criminal Justice System Debi Masri; M. Salim; Junaidi Lubis; Grace Tan Mei Ling
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 1 No. 6: April 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/ppgshq88

Abstract

This study explores legal protection for individuals with mental disabilities within the international criminal justice system. While international conventions such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) provide a foundation for the basic rights of people with mental disabilities, the implementation of such protections within the criminal justice system remains limited. Many countries face challenges in providing adequate accommodations for people with mental disabilities during arrest, interrogation, and trial processes. This research examines the gap between international legal principles and their practical application, focusing on the mechanisms needed to support individuals with mental disabilities in both legal decisions and humane treatment. Additionally, the study explores how principles of legal capacity and supported decision-making can be integrated into existing legal frameworks, and the challenges faced in their implementation. The findings suggest the importance of adopting more inclusive policies and special accommodations to ensure that people with mental disabilities can enjoy their rights in the criminal justice process without discrimination. The paper recommends increased training for law enforcement officials and regulatory reforms that are more responsive to the needs of this group.
Legal Protection for Fintech Consumers Trapped in Debt Due to High Interest (Illegal Loans) Chairus Suryati; Debi Masri; Leni Indrayani; Juliya Maria; Sattar Rasul
International Journal of Advanced Research Vol. 2 No. 1: June 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61730/m0wm7x59

Abstract

The rapid development of financial technology (fintech) has increased public access to financial services, especially through online lending platforms. However, this advancement also brings significant legal challenges, particularly in consumer protection. Many individuals have become trapped in debt due to exorbitant interest rates imposed by illegal lenders operating without official licenses and often engaging in abusive collection practices. This research aims to analyze the legal protection available to fintech consumers victimized by illegal high-interest lending and to evaluate the effectiveness of existing regulations, including POJK 77/2016 and other consumer protection frameworks. The study employs a normative juridical approach with qualitative analysis of legislation, court decisions, and case studies. The findings reveal that the current legal framework is insufficient in providing both preventive and repressive protection for consumers. Weak oversight of illegal fintech operators and low financial literacy among the public are key factors behind the ineffectiveness of consumer protection. Regulatory reform, stricter law enforcement, and public education are urgently needed to ensure comprehensive protection for fintech consumers.

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